THE COURSE DESCRIPTION:

Contemporary WorldGEC 3-
This course introduces students to the present-day world by examining the
complex and complicated phenomenon of globalization. Using various disciplines of the social
sciences, it EXAMINES the economic, social, political, technological, and other
transformations that we have created an increasing awareness of the interconnectedness of
people and places around the globe.
The course provides an overview of the various DEBATES in global governance,
development, and sustainability. Beyond exposing the TUP students to the world outside the
Philippines, it seeks to inculcate (teach) a sense of worldwide citizenship and global ethical
responsibility.
COURSE CONTENTS:
I. WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION
* Metaphor (images) of Globalization (Economic Process)
* Globalization Theories
* Origin and History of Globalization
1. Hardwired
2. Cycles
3. Epoch
4. Events
5. Broader, More Recent Changes
I. THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
* Surpluses and Deficits
* Global Value Chains : China and the US
* Increasing Competitions for Commodities
* The Modern World System
I. THE MARKET INTEGRATION
* Economic DEvelopment During and After World War II
* Bretton Woods and the BREETON Woods System
- Gatt
- WTO
- IMF/WB
* Economic Organizations
* The Multinational Corporations
* What is Capitalism
I. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
* Political Institution in Iinternational Relations
- The Nation-State
- The Civil Society
- The Global Civil Society
- International Nongovernmental Organizations (INGO’s)
- Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO’s)
- The Network Society
- Terminologies: Technology, Economy and Culture

Course Requirements/Grading System and Assessment:

@Attendance
@ Class Standing (Recitation, Attitudes) -50%
@ Quizzes - 15%
@ Midterm/Final Examination - 20%
@ Individual/Group Activity - 15%
_______
100%
Consultation with students: Everyday (5:00 to 5:30 pm) TUP Office
 WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?
BET CPeT-I
• The definition of GLOBALIZATION could be classified as either
• Broad or inclusive
• Narrow or exclusive
GLOBALIZATION is a trans-planetary process or set of processes involving increasing
liquidity and the growing multi-directional flows of people, objects, places, and information
as well as the structures they encounter and create that are barrier to, or to expedite this
flow. Globalization could bring either or both integration or fragmentation. Although things flow
easily in a global world hindrances or structural blocks are also present.
GLOBALIZATION THEORIES
• Theory of Homogeneity
• Theory of Heterogeneity

• Theory of Homogeneity
• It refers to increasing SAMENESS (uniformity) in the world as cultural inputs,
economic factors, and the political orientation of societies expands to create
common practices, same economies, and similar forms of government.
• Homogeneity in culture cause by religious beliefs
• Americanization of products

• Theory of Heterogeneity
• It pertains to creation of various cultural practices, new economies, and political
groups because of the interaction of elements from different societies in the world.
• It simply refers to differences because of either lasting differences, or of the hybrids
or combination of cultures which was produced through trans-planetary processes.
WHERE DID GLOBALIZATION STARTED?
The four (4) perspective regarding the origins of globalization
• HARDWIRED
It was revealed that our basic human need to make our lives better that made
globalization possible. Commerce, religion, politics and warfare are the URGES of people toward
better life. These are respectively connected to four (4) aspects of globalization;
• Trade (Employment/job/occupation)
 • Missionary Works (Apostolate)
• Adventures (Exploitations)
• Conquest (Downfall/Defeat)

• EPOCH (Great Era or Period of History)

The six (6) great epoch of civilization are as follows;
• Globalization of religions (4th to 7th centuries)
• European colonial conquest (late 15th century)
• Infra-European Wars (late 18th to early 19th centuries)
• Heyday of European Imperialism (Mid -19th century to 1918)
• Post-War II Period
• Post-Cold War Period
• EVENTS
-Specific events are also considered part of explaining the origin of globalization.
* Roman Conquest
* The discovery of AMERICA by Christopher Columbus
* Ferdinand Magellan’s completion of circumnavigation of the globe in 1522.

* The recent years could also be regarded as the beginnings of globalization with reference to
specific technological advances in transportation and communication system.
- First transatlantic (intercontinental) telephone cable on 1956.
- First transatlantic television broadcasting on 1962
- Founding of modern INTERNET connections in 1988
- Terrorist attacks on the twin towers in New York (trade center) in2001
All of these are more on HISTORICAL PHENOMENON (wonder/miracle events)

4. BROADER, MORE RECENT CHANGES

TODAY’S THREE NOTABLE CHANGES AS THE ORIGIN OF GLOBALIZATION THAT WE KNOW
TODAY:
• The emergence of the United States of America as the Global Power.
• The emergence of multinational (worldwide) corporations
• The demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War.
THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
The global economy system had reached its peak in 1914; from 1896 to 1914 to be exact.
There are various changes and improvement that characterized ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
before and at present. Structures of transportation, communication, and capital are comparable
then and now.
• Transportation
• Significant inventions in railroad, steamships and aerospace (airplane) system
• Communication
• Internet access (from telegraph to more complex mode of communication structure)
 • Large Scale FLOWs of CAPITAL and large-scale IMMIGRATION (The remittance or faster
mode of money transmittal in any places of destinations.

ECONOMIC CHAINS and NETWORKS

• SUPPLY CHAINS
• These are general label for value-adding activities in the production process. It
begins with the RAW materials and follows the value-adding process through a
variety of INPUTS and OUTPUTS and ultimately to a FINISHED product.
• INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION NETWORKS
• These involve the networks of PRODUCERS involved in the process of PROSDUCING a
finished product. The MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS (MNCs) are seen as playing a
central role, as being the FLAGSHIP in these networks.
• GLOBAL COMMODITY CHAINS
• This includes BUYER-DRIVEN chains of companies/corporations or brand whose roles
are determining what industry produce and how much they produce. Since such
companies do not manufacture their own products, they are BUYERSA of products
that are then SOLSD under their brand names.
• Brand companies or “MANUFACTURERS WITHOUT FACTORIES”
e.g. NIKE shoes
• GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
It is the overarching label for all woks (business) in particular area for all such
chains.
• Scrap Metal (steel and copper) Recycling
• Waste Paper (Zhang Yin, owner of Nine Dragons Paper)
• Waste paper from the US ship it to China, recycled it into CORRUGATED boxes, the boxes
are used to ship goods to various places around the world, including US, and, once the
boxes have arrived at their destination and been UNPACKED, they are turned into SCRAP
and the process begins all over again.
• T-Shirts
• iPhones

LEONILO A. CAPELLAN
TUP 2020