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Design a Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Dual Band

Article · March 2013

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International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Technology (IJECCT)
Volume 3 Issue 2 (March 2013)
Design a Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Dual
Band
Arun Singh Kirar, Veerendra Singh Jadaun, Pavan Kumar Sharma
Department of Electronics, MITS, Gwalior , India
Abstract— This paper presents a circular patch microstrip
antenna operate in dual band (1.66 GHz and 2.777GHz). The
proposed Circular patch antenna will be in light weight, flexible,
slim and compact unit compare with current antenna used in
dual band [1]. The paper also presents the detail steps of
designing the circular patch microstrip antenna and the
simulated result. IE3D software is used to compute the gain,
power, radiation pattern, and S11 of the antenna.
Keywords- Circular patch microstrip antenna, VSWR, Return
loss, Bandwidth.
I. INTRODUCTION
Microstrip antennas are attractive due to their light weight,
conformability and low cost. These antennas can be integrated
with printed strip-line feed networks and active devices [2].
This is a relatively new area of antenna engineering. In this
research paper first a microstrip line fed antenna have been
modeled, designed and simulated. The analysis of dual band
microstrip patch antenna is done using transmission line model
for 1.66 GHz and 2.77 GHz frequency and the designing has
been done in IE3D software which is an EM solver and works
on the principle of Method of Moments [3].
Figure 1. Microstrip Circular patch antenna
A. Antenna Parameters
An antenna is the transitional radio between free space and
a guiding device. In order to be able to design a good antenna,
it's crucial to consider some of the basic but yet important
parameters that characterize all antenna design.
B. Gain
The gain of an antenna is the radiation intensity in a given
direction divided by the radiation intensity that would be
obtained if the antenna radiated all of the power delivered
equally to all directions. The definition of gain requires the
ISSN:2249-7838
concept of an isotropic radiator; that is, one that radiates the
same power in all directions. Gain usually expressed in db.
Gain can be obtained by using equation [4].
G = η .D, where, η= efficiency, D = directivity
C. Directivity
Directivity is the same as gain, but with one difference. It
does not include the effects of power lost (inefficiency) in the
antenna. If an antenna were lossless (100% efficient), then the
gain and directivity (in a given direction) would be the same.
D. Radiation Pattern
Radiation pattern is defined as the power radiated or
received by an antenna in a function of the angular position and
radial distance from the antenna. It describes how the antenna
directs the energy it radiates.
E. Antenna Efficiency
The antenna efficiency is defined as the ratio of total power
radiated by the antenna to the input power of the antenna. Just
like any other microwave components, an antenna may
dissipate power due to conductor loss or dielectric loss.
F. Return Loss
Return loss is a convenient way to characterize the input
and output signal sources. Return loss can be defined in dB
II. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS ANTENNA-
In the typical design procedure of the Microstrip antenna,
the desired resonant frequency, thickness and dielectric
constant of the substrate are known or selected initially. In this
design of rectangular Microstrip antenna, FR4dielectric
material (εr=4.4) with dielectric loss tangent of 0.02 is selected
as the substrate with 1.6 mm height. Then, a patch antenna that
operates at the specified operating frequency f0 = 1.66 GHz and
2.77 GHz can be designed by using transmission line model
equations [5]. Inset feeding used as a feeding method.
Formulas used for calculating radius (a) -
Where,
IJ ECCT | www.ijecct.org 390
International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Technology (IJECCT)
Volume 3 Issue 2 (March 2013)

The units of h must be in mm. and fr in GHz. C. Smith Chart

Impedance matching at the design frequencies of 1.66 GHz
TABLE I. DESIGN PARAMETER OF DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP CIRCULAR
PATCH ANTENNA and 2.77 GHz. To match an antenna, the impedance locus
needs to be shifted as near as possible to the centre of the smith
Radius (a) 25mm chart (matching point). As can be observed impedance
matching point is very close to the centre of the smith chart.
Input Resistance of Patch 50Ω
Inset Depth of Patch 5 mm
Inset width of patch 2mm
Width of microstrip line(wo) 1mm
Length of microstrip line 25 mm

A. Geometry of Proposed Antenna

These above parameters are analysed and used in designing
microstrip patch antenna in IE3d simulator. After designing
antenna in IE3D, simulation is done. And all the resultant
parameters return loss; VSWR, input impedance etc. are
achieved.

Figure 4. Smith chart

D. VSWR
The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) for the circular
patch antenna at our design frequencies of 1.66GHz and
2.77GHz. VSWR is a measure of impedance mismatch. As can
be observed from the graph, the VSWR obtained are 1.125:1
and1.354:1. This is considered a good value as the level of
mismatch is not very high.
Figure 2. Circular Microstrip patch antenna

B. Return Loss and bandwidth

This antenna have shown -24.596 dB return loss at 1.666
GHz and -16.4490 dB return loss at 2.77 GHz resonant
frequencies and obtained bandwidth is 36.14 MHz and 53.99
MHz which is shown in figure 3. At the resonant frequencies
antenna radiate maximum power.

Figure 5. Variation between VSWR and frequency

Figure 3. Variation between return loss and frequency
III. CONCLUSION
After the whole analysis the characteristics of proposed
antenna enhanced at many parameters. Obtained dual band at
1.66 GHz and 2.77 GHz frequencies, so it can say that clearly
this antenna is perfect for L-Band applications such as radar
communication, military communication. Band width is also
acceptable for both bands.

ISSN:2249-7838 IJ ECCT | www.ijecct.org 391

International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Technology (IJECCT)
Volume 3 Issue 2 (March 2013)

REFERENCES
[1] T.F.Lai, Wan Nor Liza Mahadi, Norhayati Soin, “Circular Patch
Microstrip Array Antenna for KU-band” World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology 48 2008.
[2] C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, 2nd Ed., John wily & sons, inc., New
York.1982.
[3] Veerendra Singh Jadaun, Pavan Kumar Sharma, Ashish Duvey, “Design
A Microstrip Patch Antenna of Single Band For 1.8GHz”, international
conference e-manthan 2012, 6-7 april 2012, Jhansi.
[4] C.A. Balanis, Advanced Engineering Electromagnetic, John Wiley &
sons, New york, 1989.
[5] Pavan Kumar Sharma, Hemant Kumar Gupta, Veerendra Singh Jadaun,
Ritesh Kumar Tambulkar,” Design of Sierpinski Microstrip Patch
Antenna for Wireless Power Transmission for ISM Band (2.45GHz)”,
international conference e-manthan 2012, 6-7 April 2012, Jhansi.
[6] Zeland Software Inc.,”IE3D Electromagnetic Simulation and
Optimization Package, Version 9.35”, Zeland Software Inc., Fremont,
CA, 2003.

ISSN:2249-7838 IJ ECCT | www.ijecct.org 392

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