QUESTION
1 Introduce Maximo Viola and Valentin Ventura. What specific roles did they
carry out?
2 What are the five aims of La Liga Filipina?
3 What is the difference between a rebellion and a revolution? Cite
examples.
4 Being indolent/lazy wasn’t part of the precolonial tradition. Give examples,
according to Rizal, that help contribute to the indolence of the Filipino.
5 Explain: Jose Rizal was against the friars and Guardia Civil, but not
against Spain.
ANSWER
 both were dear friends of Rizal
 MAXIMO VIOLA
o savior of Noli me Tangere
 VALENTIN VENTURA
o savior of El Filibusterismo
1. to unite the archipelago into one vigorous and homogenous
organization
2. mutual protection in every want and necessity
3. defense against all violence and injustice
4. encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and commerce
5. study the application of reforms
 REBELLION (n) violent organized action by people who are trying
to change the policies of a country - THE PROCESS
 REVOLUTION (n) a successful attempt by a large group of people
to change the political system of the country by force - THE
RESULT (change is effected)
1. small Filipino businesses disappeared because of the Galleon
trade
2. implementation of forced labor extinguished natives’ love of work
3. Spain did not protect them and so they were killed left and right,
forcing them to become nomads, losing interest in cultivating lands
and such
4. crooked system of education––mainly religious, nothing handy
5. Spaniards were bad examples––they didn’t do anything, and were
indolent
6. the rise of gambling
7. crooked system of religion––in an effort to contain filipinos, they
were made to believe the poor man would have an easier time
going to heaven
8. taxes were extremely high and their earnings went to corrupt
officials, prompting inaction
what Jose Rizal despised was the oppression and the exploitation of his
fellow men, not the nation or the country itself––like many illustrados, he
 was infatuated w/ Spain

6 What implications did Rizal convey when he purposely rendered Simoun’s  it is incorrect to call it a revolution, Simoun acted out of self-interest
revolution an outright failure?  precisely why it failed: a selfish revolution will never succeed
 condemnation of violence––it is an ugly means

7 What “objective reality” conditioned Rizal to aspire for higher education in  objective reality: collection of things that exist independently of us
Europe?  education in the Philippines was primitive, at best
 racial discrimination: Dominican friars prejudiced against Filipinos

8 Choose 3 characters and give their symbolism/significance in the 19th

century until today: Tales, Isagani, Padre Millon, Lucas, Basilio, Pedro,
Sisa, Maria Clara, Placido Penitente.

9 Compare and contrast: Propaganda Movement vs. Katipunan, according

to aims, tactics, newspaper, and membership.

1 How did Rizal predict the forthcoming invasion of the Philippines by the
0 United States?

1 Discuss the different motives of early revolts during the Spanish regime.  according to Pasyon and Revolution, the
1

1 Why did Damaso object the romance/relationship of Maria Clara and  Damaso provides an explanation for this in Chapter 62 of Noli
2 Ibarra?  he “wanted what was best for her”––and marrying a native was not
it
 he feared that becoming Ibarra’s wife would force her into isolation,
that their children would become heretics
 in truth: Maria Clara is Damaso’s child, Damaso was not on good
terms with Ibarra’s father

1 What is the relevance of Doña Victorina in present times?  rejection of one’s own identity: she badly wanted to be spanish
3  we denounce filipino culture, call it “jologs” and speak english in
lieu of tagalog

1 What is the difference between imperialism and colonialism?  IMPERIALISM (n) rich and powerful countries rule over other
4 countries in pursuit of power (idea)
 COLONIALISM (n) powerful country directly controls less powerful,
poorer countries and exploits its resources for its own power and
wealth (praxis)
1 Why did Rizal object to Bonifacio’s audacious project to plunge the  Rizal condemned and detested violence
5 country in bloody revolution?  “violence should not prevail”

1 Discuss the reasons of the propaganda movement’s failure and demise.  their claims for reform went unheard, Spain was experiencing
6 internal turmoil
 self-preservation led to their demise: protecting their status as
illustrados created divisions
 lack of funds

1 What were the personal experiences of Rizal that appeared in his two  the abuse of the guardia civil
7 novels? Give at least three. 

1 Give three characters from Noli and Fili that will describe and encapsulate
8 Rizal’s personality.

1 Discuss the Bapor Tabo and its parts. What is the symbolism/meaning of  bapor tabo: a steamer shaped like a tabo
9 every part?  separated into two decks: upper and lower: spaniards on top,
filipinos and chinese merchants on the bottom––power structure
and marginalization

2 Discuss the R.A. 1425. What are the key provisions of the law? 1. courses on the life, work, and writings of Rizal must be in the
0 curricula of all schools, public or private
2. school libraries must possess sufficient enough copies of Rizal’s
novels
3. translations of Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be
mass produced and made available for public consumption

2 Explain the Rizalista sentiments. Why is there such a thing as veneration  Rizalistas: followers of Rizal
1 of Rizal as a messiah?  Jose Rizal is believed to be “holy child,” is likened to Jesus Christ
 a martyr for “kapilipinohan,” prophesized to make a second coming
 deliver his followers from poverty and oppression

2 What are the social cancers discussed by Rizal in his two novels?
2

2 Discuss the four-year interlude of Rizal’s life in Dapitan (1892 - 1896).

3 What are his varied achievements in a remote town in Mindanao?

2 Why does it have to always be the middle class that will catalyze the they are most privy to the plight of the lower class, but have more
4 reform to become successful? What is the basis of this view? resources to do so

2 What is Rizal’s secret mission for going to Spain? wanted to observe the customs and culture of Spain in order to better
5 prepare to liberate his countrymen from Spanish rule

2 What is the cause of the rift between Rizal and del Pilar?  Rizal’s political beliefs vastly differed from del Pilar’s editorial
6 policies

2 How did Rizal spend his time in Brussels and Berlin?

7

2 Discuss the confession of Simoun to Padre Florentino before his death.  Chapter 39 of El Filibusterismo
8  Simoun is not regretful of his actions, but the lack of results
 Padre Florentino: glory belongs to those who fight in accordance
with God’s will, those who are just must suffer so that they may be
realized

2 Why was 1872 considered as the start of Philippine History?  THE CAVITE MUTINY: laborers rose up believing it would spark a
9 national uprising, but was unsuccessful
 resulted in the execution of GomBurZa, which was also a
significant event in Philippine history
 influenced Philippines history in an incredibly significant way,
argued to be the beginning of Philippine nationalism

3 Give at least 5 books read by Rizal. Briefly discuss each book.
0 refusing to give up the location of a runaway slave
1. Uncle Tom’s Cabin: the story of a kind slave who was killed after
2. The Count of Monte Cristo: the story of a man who is unjustly
accused of crime and imprisoned, escapes and avenges himself
3. Three Musketeers:  the adventures of a young man named
D’Artagnan after he leaves his home to join the Musketeers of the
Guard
4. Wandering Jew: follows the Rennepont family, and the wandering
jew and his sister who are doomed to live so long as the
Rennepont live
5. The Barber of Seville: comedic opera detailing the story of men
fighting over a woman, for the aristocrat to prevail in the end
despite his guise of a poor man