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Procedure:-
(1)Take 1-2gm sample in a titration flask and dilute upto 50ml.
(IV) Titrate the said solution against 0.1N HCl solution untill color disappear.
Calculation:-
(iv) Titrate the sample against 1N HCl until the color become red
Calculation:-
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Oxalic Acid (COOH)2
Procedure:-
iv. Titrate the sample against 0.1N NaOH solution up to pink color.
Calculation
% Purity = B.R x0.1x0.045x100
Sample’s weight
(iv) Titrate the sample against 1N HCl solutions until the color
become red
Calculation
2
Ammonia (NH3)
Orange to red.
Calculation
% Purity = B.R x 0.1x0.034x100
Sample’s weight
Hydrogen Peroxide(H2O2)
Procedure;-
Calculation
% Purity = B.Rx1x0.017x100
Sample’s weight
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Sodium hydro sulphite (Na2S2O4.2H2O)
Procedure:-
(i)Take 10gms Potassium Iodide and 6gms Potassium Iodate in conical flask in some
water and add 2gms Sodium hydrosulphite and make the volume up to 700ml
(ii) Add 300ml of 0.1N Sodium thiosulphate to the above said solution and make the
volume up to 1 Liter.
(iii) Take 50ml of the above solution and add few drops of 5% starch solution and
titrate it against 0.1N Iodine solution up to color become brown.
Calculation
%Purity = B.Rx0.1x 20-300x0.087x100
Sample’s weight
Citric Acid
Procedure:-
(i)Take 1-2gms sample in flask and dissolve in 50ml water .
(iv) Titrate the sample against 0.1N NaOH solution upto pink color
Calculation
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Acetic Acid CH3 COOH
Procedure.
(i) Take 1-2 grams simple in a flask and dilute with 50 ml water.
(ii) Add 2-3 drops of 1% phenolphthalein indicator.
(iii) Fill the burette with 0.1 N NaOH solutions.
(iv) Titrate the sample with O.1 N NaOH solution up to pink color
(v) Note the reading + calculate the strength calculate
Calculation
Procedure
(1) Take 0.5-1 grams simple in a flask and dilute with 50 ml water.
(2) Add 2-3 drops of 1% phenolphthalein indicator.
(3) Fill the burette with 0.1 NaOH solutions.
(4) Titrate the sample with O.1 N NaOH solution until a pink appear.
(5) Note the reading + calculate the strength calculate
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Formic Acid (HCOOH)
Procedure.
(4) Titrate the sample against O.1 N NaOH solution until the pink color
appear.
Wetting agent.
Procedure.
(1) Take 2 g/l wetting agent of sample + standard in two beakers mark the
beaker for standard + batch (sample)
(2) Cut a small piece of greigh fabrics of 1” inch determine in a circular
shape.
(3) Place the fabric pieces in two different beaker not their wetting + sinking
shape.
(4) Compare the result of both specimen with each other.
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Stability in caustic of wetting agent.
(1) Take 70 g/l caustic 48Be0 in two beaker mark the beaker for
standard + batch.
(2) Add 2 g/l wetting agent of standard + batch in each mentioned beaker.
(3) Heat at 60-70 co and allow standing for 20-30 min.
(4) Observe the precipitation or aggregative in each beaker.
(5) Compare the result of both specimen with each others and report.
Sequestering Agent.
The method is intended on the bases of comparative Analysis to determine the
descending extent in hardness of water.
Responsibility:
Chemical Testing Section.
Stabilizer.
The method is intended on the bases of comparative Analysis to determine the
stability of hydrogen peroxide in bleaching solution.
Procedure :
50 % H2O2 = 24 g/l
NaOH 4bbi = 8 g/l
Stabilizer (sample) = 5 g/l
Detergent = 1 g/l
(2) Take 1 ml of the above Solution and 20 ml of 20 % H2SO4 titrate it
against 0.1 N KMnO4 solution,
When the color reach to pink note the reading.
(3) Take 5 gms Greigh fabric and 250 ml of above bleaching solution,
bleach the fabric at 80 co for 1 hour in exhaust and check the Berger
whiteness of fabric.
(4) Take 1 ml of the treated solution + titrate it against 0.1 N KMnO4 when
color
reach to pink note the reading.
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(5) Take 1 ml of stock solution after 2 hours and titrate it against 0.1 N
KMnO4
when color reach to pink note the reading.
(6) Calculate the quantity of H2O2
Calculate = for 50 % H2O2
B.R X 3.4
Water Analysis.
Procedure:
(1) pH
Wash a 250 ml beaker with water whose ph is to be determine take 250 ml
of sample water and determine its pH by pH indicator strip on pH meter.
(2) Hardness
(1) Take 20-25 ml of sample water in a flask
(2) Add 3-4 drops buffer ammonium solution.
(3) Add 2-3 drops Erichrome Black T indicator
(4) Titrate it against 0.1 EDTA solution
(5) When colors reach to blue note the reading + calculate hardness.
Calculation:-
(iv) Titrate the sample against 0.1N NaOH solution upto pink color
Calculation
% Purity = B.Rx0.1x 0.036x100
Sample’s Weight
8
Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Procedure: - (i) Take 1-2gms sample in flask and dilute unto 50ml water .
(iv) Titrate the sample against 0.1N NaOH solution upto pink color
Calculation
% Purity = B.Rx0.1x0.063x100
Sample’s Weight
(iv) Titrate the sample against 0.1N NaOH solution upto pink color
Calculation
% Purity = B.Rx0.1x0.049x100
Sample’s Weight
(ii) Add 10ml of 10% Potassium Iodide solution and 10ml of 10% H2SO4
Solution
(iii) Titrate it against 0.1N Sodium thiosulphate solution
(iv) When color is discharged note the reading and calculate strength
Calculation
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Determination of solid contents
Procedure
(i)Take two Petri dishes each for sample and standard, wash and dry them
(iii)Take 1gm of both specimens in separate dish and place in Oven at 110C
(v) Exclude the weight of Petri dish and calculate solid contents
Calculation
Checking of Binder
Procedure:-
Checking of Thickener
Procedure:-
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Thickener = 1.2 %
Ammonia = 0.50 %
Water = 83.30%
Stirrer unto the formation of homogenous paste.
(iii) Then add 15% binder to the paste and stirrer it, again check its
viscosity and note the drop age viscosity.
Procedure:-
(i) Check the of both sample and standard
(ii) Check the solid contents of both sample and standard Ref doc#
(iii) Prepare 10g/l solution for each
(iv) Pad unfinished fabric with the above said solutions
(v) Check the hand feeling effect, compare the results.
Procedure:-
(i) Check the of both sample and standard
(ii) Check the solid contents of both sample and standard Ref doc#
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Checking of Hard finish
The method is based on comparative analysis to evaluate hard finish chemical and
determine batch to batch differences.
Procedure:-
(i) Check the of both sample and standard
(ii) Check the solid contents of both sample and standard.
Procedure:-
1. pH
Prepare 10%solution of both sample and standard and check their PH
with pH paper indicator of pH meter
2. Solubility
. (i) Take 100gms of each sample and standard in different beaker and dissolve
in per liter of water with slow stirring at room temperature.
(ii) Note the color of solution and residue in solution.
Checking of Urea
Scope/Objective: - The method is used an physical as well as on comparative
analysis to check batch to batch differences and enable their acceptance.
Procedure:-
1- pH Checking
(i) Prepare 10% solution of both sample and standard and check its
ph with ph paper indicator or ph meter.
2- Solubility :-
(i) Take 50-100gms of both sample and standard and dissolve per liter
in separate beaker with slowly stirring at room temp.
(ii) Note the color of solution and residence in solution.
3- Compare the results old and new sample.
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Checking of dispersing agent.
2- Caustic Stability :-
(i) Prepare a solution of 2g/l detergent 100g/l caustic 48 Beo in a flask.
(ii) Heat the said solution and raise its temp. 80-90oC
(iii) Note the formation of precipitation
(iv) Compare the results old and new sample.
Preparation of regents
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3- Preparation of 1N and 0.1N KMnO4 and solution
(i) For 1N solution take 31.6gms KMnO4 and dissolve per liter
(ii) For 0.1N solution take 3.16gms KMnO4 and dissolve per liter
4- Preparation of 1N and 0.1N EDTA solution
(i) For 1N EDTA solution take 37.2gms and dissolve per liter
(ii) For 0.1N EDTA solution take 3.72gms of EDTA and dissolve
per liter.
5- Preparation of 1% Phenolphthalein indicator.
Take 1gms phenolphthalein indicator dissolves it in 50ml of water then
adds 50ml of ethanol to make the volume up to 100ml.
6- Preparation of 1% Methyl orange indicator
Take 1gm Methyl orange indicator and dissolve it in 50-60ml water
and then make the volume up to 100ml with addition of water.
7- Preparation of 0.1N Iodine solution
Take 18-20gms Potassium Iodide (KI) in 400-500ml Water and
dissolve it then add 12.69gm Iodine Crystal and dissolve it and make the
volume up to 1 liter.
8- Preparation of 0.1N Sodium thiosulphate solution.
Take 24.82gms Na2S2O3 and dissolve it per liter.
9-prepration Of 1% Solution of starch indicator
Take 1gm of starch indicator and dissolve it in 50-60 ml water and then
make the volume up to 100ml
(i) FOR 70%:-Take 70ml of concentrated sulphuric acid in a beaker and add
30ml of water slowly.
(ii) FOR 20%:- Take 20ml of concentrated sulphuric acid in a beaker and
then add 80ml water slowly.
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Take 15gms Cibacron Turquoise PGR and dissolve in some water and
then make the volume up to 1.0 Liter.
14- preparation of 1N and 0.1N Potassium Iodide solution
Procedure
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Procedure
Developing:
For developing, oxidation and washing refer to method for dyeing with
Vat dyes.
Procedure
(1) Dyeing with Disp dyes
Ref doc#
Scope/objective: The method is intended to dye the fabrics with sulphur dyes and
to enable the recipe before going in production .
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1.5(y%) Sodium sulphide
(iv) Wash the fabric with cool water and oxidize for 5—10min-
(vi) Again cool wash and dry the sample with Iron.
Scope/objective: The method is intended to dye the fabrics with Pigment dyes and
to enable the recipe before going in production.
20-40gm/l Binder
10gm/l Size CB
(iii) Dry in I.R box and cure at160 C for 1.30 min
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Determination of GSM
Procedure:-
(ii) Place the cutter on the top of the specimen and release the safety catch.
(iii) Exert slight pressure on the cutter knob and rotate clock wise to obtain
a circular piece of approx-113mm in diameter
(iv) Weight the sample on electronic balance and calculate G.S.M
Calculation-
Weight of circular cut sample x100= G.S.M
The method is based on the quality of fabrics and ratio of their blends
Procedure:- (i) Cut a piece of 6x6cm of sample fabric and weigh them on
An electronic balance
Calculation
% Weight of cotton= W1-W2 x100
W1
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Determination of pH
Procedure:- (i) Take 10gm fabrics and cut into small pieces
(ii) Take 250ml distilled water in flask and place the pieces in
flask ,
Close the flask with tape or cork in order that the excess
of pressur release
Procedure
(i) Take a rubbing cloth of size 5x5cm and a specimen of size 15x5cm
(ii) For wet rubbing wet the rubbing cloth and squeeze it in blothing
paper to maintain a pickup of 60-65 % .
(iii) Place the test specimen on the base of crocking meter with its long
dimension in the direction of rubbing .
(iv) Place specimen holder over specimen to prevent slippage.
(v) Place a rubbing cloth square size in rubbing finger cover it with a
spiral wire to prevent its slippage
(vi) Lower the cover rubbing finger on the test specimen
(vii) Turns the meter handle colour wise to slide the cover finger back
front complete 10 turns per 10 second .
(viii) Remove the rubbing cloth from finger dry with air and remove
the extraneous fiber material by slightly pressing with sticky type
.
(ix) Cheeked with grey scale for staining.
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Dimension stability
This test method is intended to determine the dimensional change.
Procedure
Calculation
Average difference x 2 = % dimensional change.
Determination Of width
This test method is intended to determine the width of fabric which is the distance
from selvage to selvage (weft threads).
Procedure
(i) Place the fabric plain and smooth to remove any slope.
(ii) Measure the distance from edge to edge (Selvage) in weft side
Procedure :-
(i) Cut a sample of 3-4cm of fabric whose fastness is to be determine
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(ii) Cover the sample from side and expose the center of about 1cm
(iii) Fastened the sample in card and hang in light fastness instrument
In order that the exposed portion of sample come in forth to light
source.
(iv) Note the initial time on time detector
(v) After completion of 72hrs remove the sample from card and check
the result with scale for change in shade
Procedure: Fabric sample (18cm*18cm) adjust on the metal hoop of spray tester
and then 250ml distilled water of temp.27 0c take in the
funnel of spray tester and allow to spray on the fabric sample
. Spray time must be between 25-30 seconds and then move
up the metal hoop at 180-degree angle and repeat the same
process. After completion of the process assess the rating
with spray rating scale.
1- Water 50ml in 1 gm
2- Time 30 kg
3- Temp. room temp.
5- Fabric sample and adjacent fabric sample warp 10mm * Weft4mm
Procedure: Thoroughly wet out the both composite sample in the water in a separate
container at the room temp. for 30 mints. Then lay out the composite sample
smoothly between the two acrylic resin plates in the prispirometer under a pressure
of 12.5 Kpa or 5 kg weight and place the perspirometer in the oven at temp. 37 0c for
4 hrs and then remove the sample from the acrylic plates then air dry or dry at 60
0
c. After drying the sample assess the change in color and staining with help of grey
scale.
Alkaline
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Sodium Chloride: 5 g/l
Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate Dodecahydrate: 5 g/l
Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate Dihydrate: 2.5 g/l
PH maintain with NaOH 1N solution: 8.0
Acid
Procedure:
Thoroughly wet out the both composite samples of alkaline and acid in the water in
a separate container at the room temp. for 30 mints. Then lay out the composite
samples smoothly between the two acrylic resin plates in the Perspirometer under a
pressure of 12.5 KPa or 5 kg weight and place the Perspirometer in the oven at
temp. 37 0c for 4 hrs and then remove the sample from the acrylic plates then air dry
or dry at 60 0c .After drying the samples assess the change in color and staining with
help of grey scale.
Procedure:
Prepare a bag undued twill cotton cloth with inside dimensions of 10cm * 10cm by
sewing together squares of this cloth around three sides place in the bag fabric
sample and 12 steel discs and then close the bag from 4 sides and then place the bag
in the washtec pot and add 200ml perchloroethalene at 30 Temp. for 30 mints.
Then remove the sample and place it absorbent paper or cloth and hanging it in air
at temp. 60 and treated perchloroethalene solvent filter and then assess the shade
change and staining with grey scale.
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