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DDC Technical Manual PDF
DDC Technical Manual PDF
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the supply air duct to modulate control
valves or mixing dampers to maintain a supply air temperature setpoint. In most systems that employ a
heating and cooling coil, the hot water valve and the chilled water valve should be modulated in
sequence.
When the supply air temperature falls below setpoint, the hot water valve begins to modulate open and
consequently, the cooling valve begins to modulate closed. If the supply air temperature continues to fall
below the setpoint, the heating valve will open fully and the cooling valve will close completely.
When the supply air temperature rises above setpoint, the hot water valve begins to modulate closed and
consequently, the cooling valve begins to modulate open. If the supply air temperature continues to rise
above the setpoint, the heating valve will fully close and the cooling valve will open completely.
A temperature sensor located in the mixed air stream (between the unit filters and the coils) is used to
provide mixed air low limit control. When the temperature sensed by this element falls below the
setpoint, the outside air damper fully closes, the return air damper fully opens, the exhaust air damper
closes to a minimum position, and the valves on all coils will fully open. This sequence should always be
used on systems with wetted coils.
When the unit fan is turned off, the outside air damper fully closes, the return air damper fully opens,
the exhaust air damper fully closes, and all control valves return to their “normal” positions.
Design Considerations
Control Valves
Avoid using spring return actuators on control valves for wetted coil applications.
1
• For hot water coils, have the valve piped such that when the valve is in the “normal” position,
the water flows through the coil.
• For chilled water coils, have the valve piped such that when the valve is in the “normal”
position, the water bypasses the coil. It is recommended that mixing valves be used in all three-
way applications unless otherwise specified. Caution - Do not pipe globe valves that are
designed for mixing applications for diverting service. The fluid flow will cause a “hammering”
effect and severe noise and damage will follow.
Mixing Dampers
Always use opposed blade dampers in control applications that require the mixing of air. Opposed blade
dampers cause turbulence in the air flowing through them. This turbulence causes more complete
mixing of the air streams and reduces the risk of freezing coils due to air stratification. Use opposed
blade dampers for outside air dampers and return air dampers. Parallel blade dampers should be used
for smoke dampers and exhaust air dampers. Use spring return actuators for all dampers. Mixing
dampers should be properly sized to provide good control. Improper sizing will result in the
stratification of air streams of different temperatures.
Software Configuration
Use separate analog outputs for the chilled water and hot water valves. The PID loops for the chilled-
water valve and the hot-water valve should be configured as direct acting. In order for this configuration
to be used, the guidelines in item #1 Control Valves must be adhered to completely. Always return all
control valves to the “normal” position when the fan is off.
Never cut power to a proportional spring return actuator to return the actuator to the “normal”
position. Always use the software to return the spring return actuator to the “normal” position. The
spring return feature is incorporated to ensure that the controlled device returns to the fail-safe position
upon loss of control power. Note: These guidelines do not apply to spring return on-off type actuators.
2
Control of Humidity
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a humidity sensor mounted in the return air duct or the space to modulate
control valves or to stage electronic humidity control equipment to maintain a relative humidity
setpoint. In most systems that employ humidity control equipment, the controlled equipment will
usually include a cooling coil used for dehumidification and/or either a steam valve humidifier or an
electronic humidifier.
When the return air or space-relative humidity rises above setpoint, the chilled water valve fully opens.
As a result of this action, the reheat devices, whether a duct-mounted reheat coil or a space-mounted
radiant heater, temper the cooler air produced by the fully-opened cooling coil to maintain either the
supply air temperature setpoint or the space temperature setpoint. Dehumidification is accomplished by
cooling the air below the dew point causing the air to dry.
When the return air or space relative humidity falls below setpoint, the humidifier steam valve begins to
modulate open or the electric humidifier begins to stage on.
When both dehumidification and humidification equipment are employed, the supply air humidity
sensor provides humidity high limit control. This high limit overrides the humidifier’s steam valve to the
closed position or the electric humidifier “off” when the humidity high limit setpoint is reached.
When the unit fan is turned off, the steam valve will close or the electric humidifier will be turned off
and all other control valves will return to their “normal” position.
Design Considerations
Control Valves
Avoid using spring-return actuators on control valves for wetted coil applications.
3
• For hot water coils, have the valve configured in the “normally” open position.
• For chilled water coils, have the valve configured in the “normally” closed position.
Humidity Sensor
For space-mounted locations, avoid mounting the sensor near direct sources of cool or hot air. Avoid
mounting near appliances that release steam or condensation such as coffee makers, stoves, or ovens.
Software Configuration
Use separate analog outputs for the chilled water, hot water, and steam valves. The PID loops for the
chilled water valve and the hot water valve should be configured as direct acting. In order for this
configuration to be used, the guidelines in item #1 Control Valves must be adhered to completely.
Always return all control valves to the “normal” position when the fan is off.
Never cut power to a proportional spring return actuator to return the actuator to the “normal”
position. Always use the software to return the spring return actuator to the “normal” position. For
proportional spring return actuators that incorporate a “phase cut” feature, this may be used in
conjunction with the software to return the proportional actuator to the “normal” position. The spring-
return feature is incorporated to ensure that the controlled device returns to the fail-safe position upon
loss of control power. Note: These guidelines do not pertain to spring-return on-off type actuators.
4
Space or Room Air Control
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the supply air duct to modulate control
valves or mixing dampers to maintain a supply air temperature setpoint. In most systems that employ a
heating and cooling coil, the hot water valve and the chilled water valve should be modulated in
sequence.
When the supply air temperature falls below setpoint, the hot water valve begins to modulate open and
consequently, the cooling valve begins to modulate closed. If the supply air temperature continues to fall
below the setpoint, the heating valve will open fully and the cooling valve will close completely.
When the supply air temperature rises above setpoint, the hot water valve begins to modulate closed and
consequently, the cooling valve begins to modulate open. If the supply air temperature continues to rise
above the setpoint, the heating valve will fully close and the cooling valve will open completely.
A temperature sensor located in the mixed air stream (between the unit filters and the coils) is used to
provide mixed air low-limit control. When the temperature sensed by this element falls below the
setpoint, the outside air damper fully closes, the return air damper fully opens, the exhaust air damper
closes to a minimum position, and the valves on all coils will fully open. This sequence should always be
used on systems with wetted coils.
When the unit fan is turned off, the outside air damper fully closes, the return air damper fully opens,
the exhaust air damper fully closes, and all control valves return to their “normal” positions.
Design Considerations
Control Valves
Avoid using spring return actuators on control valves for wetted coil applications.
5
• For hot water coils, have the valve piped such that when the valve is in the “normal” position,
the water flows through the coil.
• For chilled water coils, have the valve piped such that when the valve is in the “normal”
position, the water bypasses the coil. It is recommended that mixing valves be used in all three-
way applications unless otherwise specified. Caution - Do not pipe globe valves that are
designed for mixing applications for diverting service. The fluid flow will cause a “hammering”
effect and severe noise and damage will result.
Mixing Dampers
Always use opposed blade dampers in control applications that require the mixing of air. Opposed blade
dampers cause turbulence in the air flowing through them. This turbulence causes more complete
mixing of the air streams and reduces the risk of freezing coils due to air stratification. Use opposed
blade dampers for outside air dampers and return air dampers. Parallel blade dampers should be used
for smoke dampers and exhaust air dampers. Use spring return actuators for all dampers. Mixing
dampers should be properly sized to provide good control. Improper sizing will result in the
stratification of air streams of different temperatures.
• Supply Air Sensor: Use a duct-mounted probe placed far enough down the supply air duct so
that the supply air stream has been properly mixed.
• Space Sensor: For space-mounted locations, avoid mounting the sensor near direct sources of
cool or hot air. Avoid mounting near appliances that release steam or condensation such as
coffee makers, stoves, or ovens.
Software Configuration
Use separate analog outputs for the chilled water and hot water valves. The PID loops for the chilled
water valve and the hot water valve should be configured as direct acting. In order for this configuration
to be used, the guidelines in item #1 Control Valves must be adhered to completely. Always return all
control valves to the “normal” position when the fan is off.
Never cut power to a proportional spring return actuator to return the actuator to the “normal”
position. Always use the software to return the spring return actuator to the “normal” position. The
spring return feature is incorporated to ensure that the controlled device returns to the fail-safe position
upon loss of control power. Note: These guidelines do not apply to spring return on-off type actuators.
6
Control of Duct Static Pressure
7
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a differential pressure transmitter connected to a static pressure sensing tip
mounted in the supply air duct just before the last VAV box on the duct branch to modulate a VFD,
inlet vanes, or a dump damper to maintain a supply air static pressure setpoint.
When the supply air static pressure falls below setpoint, the VFD, inlet vanes, or dump damper begins to
modulate open. If the supply air static pressure continues to fall below the setpoint, the VFD, inlet vanes,
or dump damper will continue to open.
When the supply air static pressure rises above setpoint, the VFD, inlet vanes, or dump damper begins to
modulate closed. If the supply air static pressure continues to fall below the setpoint, the VFD, inlet
vanes, or dump damper will continue to close.
A duct-mounted high-static pressure safety switch is mounted in the supply air stream to prevent over-
pressurization of the duct. This switch must be wired into the safety circuit of the unit’s VFD or motor
starter.
When the unit fan is turned off, the outside air damper fully closes, the return air damper fully opens,
the exhaust air damper fully closes, and all control valves return to their “normal” positions.
Design Considerations
Differential Pressure Transmitters
Choose a device with a maximum range that most closely matches the unit’s maximum static pressure
output.
For most systems, a 0 – 3” W.C. device is adequate. Mount this device as close to the static pressure
sensing tip as possible to avoid long pneumatic tubing runs.
Software Configuration
The PID loops for the VFD, inlet vanes, or dump damper should be configured as reverse acting. For
VFD applications, set the acceleration and deceleration times on the VFD to 120 seconds. This will
ensure that the VFD does not quickly ramp up or down in response to small changes in the static
pressure.
8
Outside Air Temperature Lockout
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the outside air to lockout the mechanical
means of cooling or heating.
When the outside air temperature falls below the lockout setpoint for cooling, the DDC system will
provide a signal to turn off the mechanical cooling means.
When the outside air temperature rises above the lockout setpoint for heating, the DDC system will
provide a signal to turn off the mechanical heating means.
Design Considerations
Outside Air Temperature Sensor
This sensor should be mounted on the wall with the northernmost exposure. If mounting the sensor on
an outside wall is not possible, then mount a probe-type sensor in the outside air duct. Mounting the
sensor in the duct has one drawback: in this location, the sensor is subject to reading stagnant air when
the outside air damper is closed. Use a weatherproof housing with a sun shield and a windshield to
reduce the possibility of false readings. It is recommended that a humidity element be incorporated in the
housing for other control functions.
Software Configuration
This control strategy should be used to lockout mechanical heating or cooling equipment such as
chillers, boilers, or direct expansion (DX) units and should not be used to close heating or cooling
valves. Do not confuse this control strategy with the low-limit control strategies found in earlier sections
of this manual. When mechanical equipment is turned off using the outside air temperature lockout
strategy, it is generally good practice to signal all control valves and/or on-off type equipment associated
with the respective system to return to the “normal” position.
Always incorporate at least a two-degree temperature differential when using this control strategy to
avoid cycling the equipment too frequently.
9
Temperature Setpoint Reset
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the return air duct or the space to reset the
setpoint of the supply air temperature. In order to accomplish this, the supply air temperature is varied
based on the readings from the return air or space sensor.
Once the corresponding supply air temperature setpoint has been determined, supply air temperature
control uses the setpoint to maintain the supply air temperature.
Design Considerations
Return Air Temperature Sensor
This sensor should be mounted in the return air duct. Use a probe-type sensor for the installation.
Software Configuration
To implement this control strategy, program the system to use a similar reference table as shown below:
Keep in mind that when wetted coils are employed as the heating and cooling means to control the
supply air temperature, the lowest possible supply air temperature that is attainable for discharge is
nominally about 52O F. If direct expansion (DX) coils are employed, the discharge air temperature can be
reduced to as low as 42O F.
10
Outside Air Economizer
Sequence of Operation
The outside air economizer strategy is employed so that the outside air or the return air can be used to
lessen the load experienced by the cooling coil. This in turn reduces the need for mechanical cooling
from the related equipment providing energy savings. There are two types of economizer strategies:
Enthalpy Comparison
The DDC controller uses a combination temperature and humidity sensor mounted in both the outside
air and return air ducts to close the outside air damper to a minimum position when the outside air
enthalpy exceeds the return air enthalpy. Enthalpy, in a simplified sense, is nothing more than the total
heat capacity of the air. In humid climates, the enthalpy (or total heat) of the outside air may be greater
than that of the return air even though the dry bulb temperature of the outside air may be lower than
that of the return air. When the outside air enthalpy is less than the return air enthalpy, the outside air
damper, the return air damper, and the cooling valve may be modulated in sequence to provide the
proper supply air temperature. This strategy should be used in climates where the humidity is high or is
not constant.
Dry Bulb
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the outside air to close the outside air
damper to a minimum position when the outside air temperature exceeds the economizer setpoint. When
the outside air temperature is less than the economizer setpoint, the outside air damper, the return air
damper, and the cooling valve may be modulated in sequence to provide the proper supply air
temperature. This strategy should only be used in climates where the humidity is constant.
Design Considerations
Return Air Enthalpy Sensor
This sensor should be mounted in the return air duct. Use a transmitter assembly that provides a 0-10vdc
signal output to indicate enthalpy conditions. This sensor must have an insertion probe or duct-
mounting capabilities.
11
Outside Air Enthalpy Sensor
This sensor should be mounted in the outside air duct. Use a transmitter assembly that provides a 0-
10vdc signal output to indicate enthalpy conditions. The transmitter housing must be weatherproof and
must have an insertion probe or duct-mounting capabilities.
12
Optimal Start
Sequence of Operation
The DDC controller uses a temperature sensor mounted in the outside air, the space, or a mass sensor in
the walls of the building to determine the optimal time to start the air-handling unit.
Design Considerations
Temperature Sensor
Avoid using a space mounted temperature sensor. Use a mass sensor for this application. The reason for
this sensor choice is because the floors, walls, and ceilings in a building can cause the space to feel cold
even if the space temperature setpoint is satisfied. It is very important not to mount the mass sensor in
any hollow spaces such as behind a wall where drafts may be present. This sensor must be mounted
inside of the wall material. When using this sensor on a new project, be sure to have the sensor mounted
in the wall’s material before the wall is finished. Do not place the mass sensor in an exterior wall or
within five feet of an exterior wall.
13
Filter Clean/Dirty Pickup Installation
14
Duct Static Pressure Pickup Installation
15
Typical Averaging Element Installation
Install the averaging element in a serpentine fashion as shown. Use M648 capillary supports for
connection to the duct.
16
Pressure Device Mounting Detail
When mounting any type of device to a pipe, the mounting shown above must be used to provide
adequate vibration isolation – NO EXCEPTIONS!
17
Typical Pipe Strap-On Element Installation
18
Typical Immersion Type Element Installation
19
Typical Outside Air Temperature Element Installation
20
Typical Space Temperature Element Installation
21
Typical Space Temperature/Humidity Element Installation
22
Typical Duct High/Low Limit Switch Installation
23
Typical Current Sensor Installation
24
Typical KW/KWH Transducer
25
Typical Belimo Actuator Wiring Schematic
26
Typical Control Enclosure
27
Tips for Bending Conduit for Stub-ups
From the desired stub-up height, subtract the bender “take-up” and make a mark on the conduit at a
distance from the end equal to the result. Tool take-up for stubs is a characteristic of the bender and is
usually marked on the bender as shown above. The following table lists the take-up for common sizes of
hand benders:
The figures listed in the above table are for benders with a shoe designed to make bend to NFPA 70
(N.E.C.) radii.
Example: Assume that a ¾” bender has a 6” take-up. To make a 9” high stub using either ¾” EMT or
¾” rigid conduit, subtract 6” from 9” and mark the conduit 3” from the end. Position the arrow on the
bender opposite this mark and make a 90-degree bend. If the bender doesn’t have an arrow, use the
mouth of the bender groove in place of the arrow as the starting point and make the bend. Check the
result against the intended rise and mark your own arrow on the bender at the appropriate point.
28
Bending Method 2 - Thumbnail and Eyeball
The second way for making 90-degree stub-up bends when time is a major factor. This method uses no
rulers or marking. Just place your thumbnail on the conduit at the stub height distance and position the
conduit in the bender so that an imaginary plumb line from the outside heel of the bender groove is in
alignment with your thumbnail as shown above. For the best results, bend the conduit on the floor.
29
Valve Piping Illustrations
Valve Tips
The water system should always be flushed before the valves are installed to remove welding debris and
other foreign material that may cause the valves to stick.
• Never pipe globe valves designated as mixing valves in diverting applications. The valve will
hammer as the plug gets closer to the seat. This does not apply to ball valves.
• All pneumatic valves should be mounted in the upright position. If the valve must be mounted
in excess of 45-degrees from the vertical position, the actuator must be supported.
• A valve with an electric actuator should never be mounted beyond the horizontal position. The
electric actuator must be mounted above the valve so that condensation or leaks from faulty
packing doesn’t short the actuator.
• Never remove or cover the tag on the valve with insulation material.
30
3-Way Butterfly Valve Configurations
31
Drill and Screw Size Chart
This chart lists the high-speed steel drill bits that are used in installations. The tap sizes, wood screw,
and self-tapping sheet metal screw sizes for each drill bit are also listed.
To Tap For
Decimal Sheet Metal
Bit Size This Size Bolt Wood Screw
Equivalent Screw
or Screw
#36 .1069 6 X 32 #9 #6
#29 .1360 8 X 32 #12 #8 & #10
#25 .1495 10 X 24 #14 #10 & #12
5/32” .1562 ------ ------ #12
3/16” .1875 ------ #18 #14
#7 .2010 1/4” X 20 ------ ------
7/32” .2187 1/4” Pipe ------ ------
¼” .2500 ------ ------ ------
5/16” .3125 1/8” Pipe ------ ------
3/8” .3250 ------ ------ ------
7/16” .4375 1/4” Pipe ------ ------
1/2” .5000 ------ ------ ------
32
Sensor Networks
The following schematic shows various 10K ohm thermistor TYPE III sensor networks. These networks
may be used when only one analog input point is used to receive readings from multiple sensors. An
example is when an averaging-type element is used to sense the temperature across the face of a coil. The
averaging element must be installed in a serpentine fashion across the coil. A problem arises when the
coil face is large enough that one averaging element is not long enough to span the entire face of the coil.
In this case, a sensor network must be used.
The following equations are used to determine the total required serpentine length of the sensing
element.
33
Reference Data
Conversion Factors
CFM = Cubic feet of air per minute passing through the coil
Weight per cu ft = Weight of 1 pound (.075)
Sp ht = BTU required to raise the temperature of 1 lb of air 1 degree F (.24)
To = Temperature of air entering coil in degrees F.
T = Temperature of air leaving coil in degrees F.
T1 = Temperature of water leaving coil in degrees F.
T2 = Temperature of water entering coil in degrees F.
H1 = Enthalpy of entering air.
H2 = Enthalpy of leaving air.
34
VAV Box Air Flow Rate (CFM)
CFM = Cubic feet of air per minute passing through the duct
A = Duct area in sq. ft.
V = Velocity of the air
Pv = Pressure in inches of H2O from PV3
• Equation ⇒ Q = AV
• 0.0763 is the density of dry air at 60o F
• The duct diameter units are in ft.
• CFM = 1096π(Duct Diameter/2)2(√(Pv/.0763))
STEP 1: Determine the minimum and maximum values of the system, i.e. Y1, Y2, X1, and X2.
Example: Boiler hot water reset schedule. When the outside air temperature is 50 degrees F or below, the
hot water supply temperature should be reset to 140 degrees F. When the outside air temperature is 90
degrees F or above, the hot water supply temperature should be reset to 110 degrees F.
From the sequence of operation above, Y1 = 140, Y2 = 110, X1 = 50, and X2 = 90.
STEP 3: Determine b. Plug in the known parameters into the equation of the line and solve for b.
b = 177.5
STEP 4: Plug in the calculated values for m and b into the equation for a line.
35
Y = mx + b = (-0.75)x + 177.5
Here, Y is the HOT WATER SUPPLY TEMPERATURE and x is the OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE.
Although CBAS 2000 calculates linear reset equations automatically with the RESET SCHEDULE
function, a sample calculation point in another program for this example would look like:
36
Control Valve Sizing
General Guidelines
Most control valves used for HVAC control fall into one of four categories:
1. Two position valves (water or steam)
2. Proportional control of water – varying the amount of flow (chilled and hot water coils, differential
pressure control)
3. Proportional control of water – varying the temperature of the flow (boiler hot water bypass and
condenser water bypass)
4. Proportional control of steam
Usually, the pipe size will be larger than the valve size. In this case, the pipe must be fitted down to the valve.
This reduction affects the flow characteristics of the valve and reduces the effective Cv of the valve. This effect is
known as the PIPING GEOMETRY FACTOR (symbol = Fp). Use the charts on the reverse side of this page to
determine the actual Cv of a valve when it is installed in a larger pipe.
37
STEP 2 – Calculating Cv
1. WATER SYSTEMS:
Cv = GPM
√ΔP
2. STEAM SYSTEMS:
Cv = LBS per HOUR
3 X (√ΔP X PO) Where PO = Inlet pressure (PI) - ΔP
38
Adjusted CV Ratings For Piping Geometry Factor (Fp)
2-Way Ball Valves
Valve Valve Pipe Size
Size Model # 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6"
0.50 05-2-004 0.4 .39 .39 .39 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.50 05-2-01 1.00 .99 .99 .99 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.50 05-2-02 2.00 1.96 1.94 1.92 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.50 05-2-04 4.00 3.75 3.58 3.50 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.50 05-2-10 9.80 7.38 6.30 5.86 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.75 75-2-25 --- 25.00 19.53 16.26 14.75 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 1-2-35 --- --- 35.00 31.08 27.35 23.80 --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 125-2-47 --- --- --- 47.00 43.97 37.55 34.48 --- --- --- ---
1.50 150-2-81 --- --- --- --- 81.00 68.01 58.84 54.25 --- --- ---
2.00 2-2-105 --- --- --- --- --- 105.00 97.89 90.30 81.66 --- ---
3.00 3-2-390 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 390.00 307.76 257.40 233.89
0.75 75-2-33 --- 33.00 22.71 17.96 15.98 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 1-2-47 --- --- 47.00 38.60 32.06 26.71 --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 125-2-81 --- --- --- 81.00 67.90 49.46 43.00 --- --- --- ---
1.50 150-2-105 --- --- --- --- 105.00 80.47 66.15 59.97 --- --- ---
2.00 2-2-210 --- --- --- --- --- 210.00 165.90 134.61 110.48 --- ---
2.50 250-2-440 --- --- --- --- --- --- 440.00 329.00 217.00 184.31 ---
Example: What is the correct Cv rating of a 75-2-25 valve when placed in a 1" pipe?
Look at 1" column and cross over to the valve model #. As one can see, the correct Cv rating is 19.53.
These values also apply to stainless steel ball and stem (SSBS) and stainless steel bodied valves (SS) where applicable.
Size Model # 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6"
0.50 05-3-02 2.00 1.96 1.94 1.92 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.50 05-3-06 6.00 5.25 4.82 4.62 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.75 75-3-12 --- 12.00 11.20 10.46 10.02 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 1-3-14 --- --- 14.00 13.70 13.33 12.85 --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 125-3-21 --- --- --- 21.00 20.70 19.90 19.40 --- --- --- ---
1.50 150-3-30 --- --- --- --- 30.00 29.17 28.31 27.75 --- --- ---
2.00 2-3-50 --- --- --- --- --- 50.00 49.16 48.08 46.66 --- ---
2.00 2-3-91 --- --- --- --- --- 91.00 86.25 80.77 74.53 --- ---
39
Adjusted CV Ratings For Piping Geometry Factor (Fp)
2-Way Globe Valves
Valve Valve Pipe Size
Size Model # 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6"
0.50 DG05-2-03 2.5 2.43 2.38 2.36 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.75 DG75-2-07 --- 6.3 6.17 6.04 5.95 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 DG1-2-10 --- --- 10 9.89 9.74 9.55 --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 DG125-2-16 --- --- --- 16 15.86 15.49 15.25 --- --- --- ---
1.50 DG150-2-25 --- --- --- --- 25 24.51 23.99 23.65 --- --- ---
2.00 DG2-2-40 --- --- --- --- --- 40 39.57 38.99 38.22 --- ---
2.50 DG250-2-63 --- --- --- --- --- --- 63 62.50 61.08 59.6 ---
3.00 DG3-2-100 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 100 98.06 94.62 ---
4.00 DG4-2-160 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 160 155.99 ---
5.00 DG5-2-250 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 248.06 242.52
6.00 DG6-2-400 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 400 371.35
Size Model # 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10"
0.50 DG05-3-03 2.5 2.43 2.38 2.36 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.75 DG75-3-07 --- 6.3 6.17 6.04 5.95 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 DG1-3-10 --- --- 10 9.89 9.74 9.55 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 DG125-3-16 --- --- --- 16 15.86 15.49 15.25 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.50 DG150-3-25 --- --- --- --- 25 24.51 23.99 23.65 --- --- --- --- ---
2.00 DG2-3-40 --- --- --- --- --- 40 39.57 38.99 38.22 --- --- --- ---
2.50 DG250-3-63 --- --- --- --- --- --- 63 62.50 61.08 60.16 59.6 --- ---
3.00 DG3-3-100 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 100 98.06 95.99 94.62 --- ---
4.00 DG4-3-160 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 160 158.28 155.99 154.21 ---
5.00 DG5-3-250 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 250 248.06 245.09 242.54
6.00 DG6-3-400 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 400 380.77 371.37
Size Model # 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8"
0.50 DDG05-3-04 4 3.75 3.58 3.5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.75 DDG75-3-08 --- 8 7.75 7.49 7.32 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.00 DDG1-3-15 --- --- 15 14.6 14.19 13.6 --- --- --- --- --- ---
1.25 DDG125-3-20 --- --- --- 20 19.74 19.04 18.06 --- --- --- --- ---
1.50 DDG150-3-28 --- --- --- --- 28 27.32 26.61 26.15 --- --- --- ---
2.00 DDG2-3-40 --- --- --- --- --- 40 39.57 38.99 32.22 --- --- ---
2.50 DDG250-3-68 --- --- --- --- --- --- 68 67.37 65.61 64.47 --- ---
3.00 DDG3-3-85 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 85 83.80 82.49 81.62 ---
4.00 DDG4-3-160 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 160 158.28 155.99 152.91
5.00 DDG5-3-195 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 195 194 191.4
6.00 DDG6-3-250 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 250 248.07
Example: What is the correct Cv rating of a 75-3-07 valve when placed in a 1" pipe?
Look at 1" column and cross over to the valve model #. As one can see, the correct Cv rating is 6.17.
These values also apply to stainless steel trim valves (SS).
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