Rasio of a “ Dfereat Bari mm Leentro pre Flow. m = AUF A £2 paul®, ae eae - ple uz & | (1-6) JR ws aoe Ve = Ey" [PER ee yy. wa he oe prea is taker as A* pad Fn ft] BG! (Ere BF | B - [ype (Ge Ee E(z) E (432) an } ¥-l torbne (29) and (437): qe I Heeb) rave (BE) Fiej4 tm Mach number yelation : gate ae feom val itis shown 1 Fry w, useful for wind tunnel design - areaVelocity along an Lsembopce Stream Tube a ere flee: Me + 2 HE x He te thereservor > Yb ut, oe notice: = fe Rh rl Pe ~ at dean 3h oT C067 gaye eI’ eae fiery aRTo = lpTe = we oF yr =o rH Cp- Gy = at. oncal spe ed of sound aF Phe locak acoushe spend at he ei when the local Mach number is unity tore te OF a 20) ae Heepe wheat, ots GT = — the ultrmate velocrty € Hemayinnm speed’ youhick the flow can ace lerete from HAe given reservoir condition Po and To, he. all hE Gas energy ig converted to kynetre Energy (eerm pressure and Bere fenperature) hie a ae reference ndityon. LE May? MENGT SE 2pTe=£- ee ee tom fl Te pp Em om er fe wd Hay (er Mi “ pe =M [Saat . ME character'stic Mach number,os 1 18 2 25 3 35 4 Mach number, M FIOURE 4.3 FOUREAS Comparison of # and && (Eqs. (4.42) ana (4.43) with the more familar Mach number a Varietibn of Mass Flow with Pressure . —~ Ta phe converging — diverging tube, there exists maximune Mass flow tate, re, further dle vrebse in pressure rn he cliverying duct will nor result rh further Ducreage in mass flow. — when 2 - (> a . 55 setisfieol, 700° Plow MEI és Po \ + 84 : 7 Achieved at Hae threat, and Hus He maximate mass flow occurs. — choking - Beat oo ot ~ when &< (2a)", sonic flo mel will net cow te throat, and supersonic floes will nat occur at diverging duct. - FE EG necessary for te converge diver ieg norte ty be choker 50 tak the flow yn the diverging portion yeas supersonic .oe cab a v 7 recat froune 4 assis for aration i pressure rao wih poston ia converging avrg Seam _ uve A: pay cl A _t < len Pee maximum plow rete 5 ee \ ig not reached . “subsonic z 4 cwve C; — maint love rate —— is yealized at ee a ee the threat. Subgenre SME supertonic curve B: 5 tow y just reaches sonce a condition at Yhe +hroet, —~_ — Sec _ | but mous flow is less subsonic = SOE sub SOMITE thon Maximum oF choked value . for isentropic flows, pressure ratios between those of cure B dad C are unattainable .Cxampledys A wardtinnel has a smallest section 128i0x fun Grd & latzesr section gn ym. the smallest section is veadted $othat it 1 at atmospheric presare. the laggest sechon 3 connected to ar Delned jube manometer, slope at 30° to We horaonted . The manometer’ reservoir is vented to the admosphere and ifs ligaid has a velebve demity of 0-85. What i« fhe. Maso neter ready hen the speee| wt the salle section js PP mds and 240"/s? Tethe lattercase, assume the static teaperane dr He smallest sechin ts ot Bk) fc) Solution. Vv Vaz Forts ard 2404s . ' } LL a=donxtin =m [2 Aerlmxi.agm 2 Lotm O BeOt 2K P.=Petm . eZ prarometer. oh | { ingloned + O30 = =0.65 ase 1: Vir Pos, low Mack number, spread flow eas meompiessible , WAewA, we BY = (fords JEEZ) = B20 eIF Bemoulli equation. D+ spv=Prd pve, ReRedpluccut) = d (ret) (aig epee = Ho Peafad 4h 2.= Pg 08S = colh-o.gC= 850 ph. 2400 Re Pra = Pw (000-5 , 4k ee (ew fear) we =O. 46d Y ShzV sndcael Va=24o ™/5, high Mach number, cowpressible fev. BUCIBK, A= JT. = et GEO) =Bems wonservation of mass : RAvi=BAM , p= BH for Hentopic flow. i = [i+ EL" | ri } as Ave mvt ‘ AV vi a ne i wn seer) =[. ase el” me “SBF Jere) me 4rms - fe he Peay, = 8278 . (By (7d) [41 P-P = MH RR = OH B, = 0-41 Patm = 0.4) X 101,325 Pa = UI,500 fa. ar re ie 400M gam p.gand (0H )(481"76) Sor usually, the flad the manometer has high olencity,, such as mercuvy -