Pitor Tube Equechen 4 of rhe er ‘Shock assumed normal and planar ‘ocal othe axial steaming FIGURE 4.11 SPetation of 2 Pot tube in a Supersonic ow, We assume Rome ‘he symmetry ofthe probe ‘Np hat the shock wave upstream ofthe ip i normal tthe news the Axit( Plow ito the qube is assumed tp he brought to rest at pressure Por from me sub sonic flow Pe behnel He wave, after it has been compressed from ye supersonic Yeqm P, ahead Of the wave . P can be cued to cleterwmme the undisturbed (free ctveam) Mack number, Pe WMO) pnoyngl shook static pressure vetio Re 2 & E [it thm] a iseabopre veladion ship wee eM sre shock relabonchip . © 2YMP- (at) L Be. CEM) 7 PSHE TTT Reeyhs septic ot ott dube equation |Convers - Diverging Nozzle Operations . normal shocks can be presto yr supersonye Pegions, which are wily M the diverjing section . Notow, stagnant P= Po Sutsoceceot athe oat Po-subgonit stockwave inte ot lae count Perfect supersonic expansion Po-stpersane Undone no avacuum p yao od FIGURE 4.12 iustraton of several liferent cases of relevant motion of sound waves and he sound emi : Ar ide Cnvivonteat- SS stagnation throat ‘ (atmosphere a 5 2 pressure L {plumbing system, ~ ef! or outer Space.) , Be back Pe > Po oc Bx pressure. pol 5 Subsonic (sentropic flow tele. supersonic. (sentropic flow. ° fully subsomic (sub sonic throug hout) A. modes of novele operation: 9 noywut shock m He civerpry section overe under expandedMert Lf 2+) M™ 720-9 Equactron 433) 4p 7 [oe | replace A by Ae, ond A* by Ay , will have two values of Mey Me, sus aad Me, cuper I -[ )rl then eguattien (29) 2: Cr Law] le, super will give Pr-gubsonce ad Py upernoniz : 2. ; pespedively . %, 7 =e Presubsonrie = Cima] 5 plugm Me, sob and M = fa = he “ptenic Cin Me, super ye Pfind the Prcenms ( shock wave m the exit plane) . 2 : - 2Y Me, super — (0-1) Pocetal = Pugerme’| rt ‘Table 4.1 An ordered presentation ofthe five back pressures that bound the Tour nozzle operating conditions How condition ‘Throat op/pe Pe/Pa Miow Mode Me pol Upperlimit—no flow M=0 = 1st =0 =I <1 ‘Subsonic fa =tal gig ton [ senwopisuisonie w= P< ayo ___| Normal sockin <7 = 1 verging ection Normal shock text M=1 <1 1 Overespanded > 1 <1 Isentropic supersonic M=1 <1 =T T Underexpanded > 1 > 1 Lowertimis =O Mei 0 ee weample 44. A convergoy ~diverrg newrle haga throct aren of Jem aad om iol ent area of 35cm, and exhausts indy A plamby system that provides a ventyollable bock pressure The Supply pressure. is | Mpa. Find the four ranges of back presure for the cpernbhg neues Solution: frur modes, five back pressure values — maximum fy = Po = MPa —mnimam P= 0 pa. vackum . — isenvropic expen. Po-sub ondPar- equation 433) Ae = ~super . kas G1) M2 ihe eattty pee BS em 1 = SYA ~ ‘dete ao fae sey use equection solver 07 Fire #2: We aug = 0622, Me,sper= 2-8, Bir Loe tot = (i ear] -27 14 ee: - [vt ZtMests J fo 1 usp) Lee b, Pe. pie, . = Resp Dy ae 0.02648 MPa — Poosub = BS 2 0.98 MPa 2 (el —Pauen © Pose tae = (0.0368 Mpa (8.94) = 0.3306 MPa subsonic eX pansio n ]= Goss nn feueetl=e ots | MPa > Pe? 048M Pa \ Normal sham verging — o.QE MPa > Py > 0° 3305M Pra Overexpastled 0.3305 MPa > Ph 22-2364 MPor under €xpanded 0.0368 MPa >P, > 0 MPaMach waves ond shock waves % Two-Dimensionel Flow ngder the wave partern assocated with a pom source. Cons P of weok pressure pivtarbance 5, stationary Axel mover Joy. Sxrce moving at subsonic vwloly bee ‘epostin of wave ont ‘tear emsion fom Aoeat PAsdapaceant of Pintoae Prout Pte cutie en oanot tia Pit ‘age (Ul re) FIGURE 4.13, ‘Sound and shock waves in subsonle to supersonic fons.