SON a oa Ceca 1) In the process of water softening, lime is used to remove calcium hardness by the reaction such that tone mole of calcium as CaCO: requires one mole of, 100 % pure lime (CaO). The dose of lime with 85 6 purity of CaO required to react with 75 mg/l of calcium carbonate (in mg/l) is [given atomic weight H = 1, C = 12, 0 = 16, Ca = 40] (49.41) 2) Fora grit channel, ifthe recommended flow velocity is 0.3 m/s and detention period is 1.5 minute, then length of the tank is m. [27] 3) A water treatment plant is to treat 75 MLD by international standards, The amount in kg of bleaching powder (having 72 % impurity) needed per kg. if the chlorine demand of water is 2.25 mg/l will be kg. [602.68] 4) A flash mixer of 4 m? with a velocity gradient of mixing mechanism equal to 450 sec* and fluid absolute viscosity of 1.0 x 10° Ns/m? is continuously operated. The power input per unit volume will be wy. (202.5) 5) A rapid sand filter is to be provided in @ water treatment plant to process the water for a town with @ population of 450000. The water demand is 225 itre/capita/day. The rate of filtration is 20 mi/mé/hr, allow § 9 filtered water for storage to meet the backwash requirements, Each back washing period is 30 minutes. The number of filters required including one as a standby unit is [assume the available surface area configuration of one filter unit is 70 m?] [5] 6) An ideal horizontal flow settling basin is 2.8 m deep having the surface area of 1500 m?, Water flows at the rate of 16000 m’/day at water temperature of 208C, dynamic viscosity # = 1 x 10% kg/m-sec and density of water = 1000 ko/m?, Assuming stoke's law to be valid, the approximate % of spherical sand particles (0.01 mm in diameter with sp, Gr = 2.6) that will be removed is. [70.63] 7) What amount of calcium will be required to form calcium carbonate when it combines with 75 gms of carbonate a) 30. gms ©) 80. gms b) 50. gms 4) 120 gms 8) The total amount of chlorine used for the treatment of 30,000 m2/day is 8.5 kg/day. What is the chlorine demand of water when residual chlorine at 10 minutes of contact is 0.18 mg/l? a) 0.103 b) 0.181 ©) 0.210 d) 0.282, 9} A.16 ppm of alum dose is required in the treatment process of water, the quantity of alum required in order to treat 18 MLD of water per day is kg. [288] 10)A discrete particle in flow of water at 20°C temperature has diameter and sp. Gr. Of 0.08 mm ‘and 2.68 respectively. The settling velocity of discrete particles in (cm/sec) when Reynolds number is less than 0.5 is [kinematic viscosity of water at 20°C = 1.086 x 10° # cm*/sec) a) 5.395 x 107 b) 0.5395 x 107 ©) 0.5395 aos 11) The chlorine gas used for disinfection process Involves in the production of hypociorous acid (HOC!) which may further dissociates as hypociorite (OCH) depending on the P" of water maintained The reaction represented as below HOCL 2" + 0CL ‘Assuming K = 2.8 x 10% molfitres at 20°C, the fraction of HOCL in water at a P= 6.0 Is [0.97] 12) 8 rapid sand filters are used to treat 35 MLD of water with rate of filtration 4000 W/he/m?. If back washing rate is 4 times the rate of filtration and duration of back wash is 15 minutes operated once lin every 24 hours then the % of filtered water required to back wash the filter is a) 3.46 % b) 4.566 % ©) 4.21% 4) 3.9% 13) Power required (in kw) to achieve a velocity gradient of 60 sec! in flocculation tank of dimensions 30 m x 50 m x 2 m and containing water (the dynamic viscosity of water as 1 x 10° Ns/m2) will be [10.8 kW] 14) What is the chlorine demand (in mg/l) of water if the water treatment plant uses 45 kg/d of chlorine to treat water having flow of 0.3 m/sec? the residual chlorine concentration reported was 0.56 afl. [1.47] 15) What will be the weight of aluminium hydroxide ( In kg/day) produced from the treatment of 12 MLD water at a treatment plant with 5 ppm of alum dose requirements? a) 55.04 ©) 14.04 b) 15.04 4) 60.04 16) An ideal horizontal flow settling basin is 3.0 m deep having the surface area of 900 m?. Water flows at the rate of 8000 m2/day at water temperature of 20°C, dynamic viscosity « = 1 x 10 kg/m-sec and density of water = 1000 kg/m?. Assuming stoke’s. law to be valid, the approximate % of spherical sand particles (0.01 mm in diameter with sp. Gr = 2.65) that will be removed is [87.37]RINCHTAR environment -ps -02 17) Chlorine is the active ingredient in most of the household bleaches and is one of the most commonly Inexpensive disinfectant for water. The chlorine Is in hypochlorous acid form, HOCL and hypochlorous acid is much better disinfectant than hypochlorite ions, OCT If bleach is used to disinfect water, below what P' should be maintained so that atlkeast 95 % of chlorine added is in hypachlorous acid form? Equilibrium constant is given by [-log Kea = 7.6] a) 6 b) 6.32 ) 4.32 9)? 18) A rectangular sedimentation tank preceded by a coagulation flocculation chamber, is to treat a flow 6000 m?/day with suspended solid concentration of 250 ma/l. this concentration has to be reduced to 25 mg/l by sedimentation tank. The settled sludge has a moisture content of 90 % and sp. Gravity of LS. the volume of settled sludge produced in mefday is (91 19) What will be the quantity of soda as NazCOs (mg/l) required for non carbonate hardness removal? HCOy = 200 mg/l as CaCOs Car* = 60 mg/l ; SO.? = 96 mg/l Mg** = 24 mg/l ; Cl’ = 35 mg/l a) 43 b) 53 © 50 d) 108 20) An effluent at flow rate of 2050 m°/d from a ‘treatment plant is to be disinfected. The laboratory data of disinfection studies with a chlorine dose of 15 mg/l yleld the modal Nt = No €°°°%:, where Ni = no. of microorganism surviving at time t (in minutes) and Nj = number of micro organism presently initially (at t =0). What will be the volume of disinfection unit (in m*) to achieve a 99 % kill of micro organism, [109.27] 21) A surface water is coagulated by adding 30 ma/l of hydrated ferrous sulphate (FeSO; 7H,0) and equivalent dosage of lime (Ca(QH):). How much kg of lime (a CaO) per million litres of water is required which has purity of 80%? Take molecular weight of Fe:SOy. 7H20 = 278. [7.55] Cer 22) A flow rate of 600 m/d Is being received by the aerobic reactor and the influent and effluent COD observed are 2000 mg/! and 500 mg/! respectively, Assuming 85 % biodegradable waste is present in the waste water, the volume of methane produced dally by the reactor treating waste water flow containing 65 % volatiles is [assume gas production at 0.9 mé/kg of VSS and methane gas produced = 70 % of the total gas] a) 315m? b) 420 me ©) 380m d) 290 m? AS eee NTT 23)If the BOD, of a waste water sample is 100 mg/l and reaction rate constant k (base ‘e’) is 0.345 per day, then the amount of BOD remaining (in mg/l) In the given sample after 10 days is mg/| [4.244] 24) 5,25,45 & 65 mi of waste water sample aliquots were diluted to 300 ml and at 20°C these were incubated for 5 days. The average BOD of the waste water for the observed result in mg/l is S.NO | Waste | Initial DO | DO after 5 water | (mg/l) | days volume (mg/l) (ml) I 5 is 72 2 25 11.0 55 3 45 9.8 0.0 4 65 8.9 0.0 a) 126.5 b) 143 ©) 192.8 @)i2a 25) The description of solid waste collected is as follows Night soil 35; Rubbish 25t Debris 25%; Garbage aot The organic solid (in ton) in the above composition is___. [75] 26) A city discharges 1500 litres per second of sewage into a stream whose minimum rate of flow Is 4500 litres/sec. the temperature of the sewage and water Is 20°C. the DO of sewage Is zero and that of the stream is 90 % of the saturation DO. What is the initial oxygen deficit (in mg/l) of mix? [saturation DO = 9.2 mg/l] [2.99] 27) The oxygen sag caused by cannery, reaches a minimum dissolved oxygen equal to 3 mg/l. upstream from the cannery, the river DO is saturated to 10 mg/! and it has no BOD of its own, just downstream from the discharge point, the 00 is still essentially saturated (i.e. consider the initial ‘oxygen deficit to be zero so the downstream deficit is proportional to initial BOD). By what % should the BOD of canery waste reduced to assure a healthy stream with at least 5 mg/l DO everywhere? a) 10.12% b) 28.57 % ©) 50.21 % d) 40.63 % 28) city discharges 150 cumecs of sewage having zero dissolved oxygen into 2 river which is fully saturated with DO = 9.2 mg/l and flowing at the minimum rate of 1200 cumecs with velocity 0.25 mm/s. if the ultimate BOD of the mix is 30.58 mg/l. what will be the distance (in km) after which the critical DO occurs? Take purification coefficient and Ko = 0.1 per day. [40.046] 917877558488 RINCHTAR - environment -Ps -02