STEM workshop Solar Water Purifier tC) > Global distribution of precipitation and population ete OMe aes eae tare ca elices Pe Mie ea Reiceuie enets Scie ee meuk ue taaes eet encarta e eet to insufficient water resources. In the past 50 years, a rapid increase in water demand and the problem of Dr gro RCS RU Rea ey Re eg aes Pe nee a eater aC Ta a Sede a ea eM Rt a Ru eld In this activity, we will make a simple ‘solar water ST Cae Pace TL RE ror Breer ee LLCO Water shortage, water pollution, sustainable development To ees SG Bir ee Principe of water putifcation and ‘other new inventions. ARISTO Produce parts by Calulate the capacity of Educational Press Ltd 30 printer pacity Saar er ater purifierSelecta Natowee(, Overview of water resources Three-forth of the Earth is covered by water. However, only 3% of itis freshwater that is available for human ‘use. Since most freshwater is frozen or stored underground, a mere 0.4% is readily extractable. Unfortunately, this small reserve of freshwater is being polluted due to industrialisation and urbanisation. According to the ‘World Health Organisation (WHO), 1.8 billion people in the world are consuming contaminated water and ‘500 000 people die of diarrhea a year. Key ‘Source: UNVOWDR 2015) Per cag avaiable shun? yea) Bonne ay wee Laas —_—<—<—_—_ —————— 05) rom 17 2500 7500 15000 50000 Per capita available freshwater of the world Scientific @inesua Purifying water by distillation We can purify water by the method of distillation. First, water is heated. It evaporates to water vapour when it boils, leaving the impurities behind. The collected water vapour is called distillate. The distillate does not contain any impurities and is therefore suitable for drinking. praeig a . . Euthey4) Using simple materials to make a solar water purifier ‘Now, you can make a simple solar water purifier by applying the distillation method to provide clean water for areas in need. Use the materials below and follow the instructions shown in the pictures:Materials Plastic bottles (with cap) 2 Thick drinking straw 1 X Tools Marker pen, scissors or cutter, glue, safety gloves & Caution Be careful when using scissors or cutter, ort is better to ‘wear safety gloves. Seek the teacher's approval for using other instrument, for example, small electric drill. Place a drinking straw on abottle Cut off the circle by using scissors or You will obtain two bottle caps with a cap and draw a circle along the acutter. hole in the middle. circumference of the straw. Put the two caps together and insert Fill a bottle with some Put another bottle upside-down and the straw into them. Stick the caps muddy water. Put the stuck screw it with the cap. Cut the straw if and the straw with glue. caps on the bottle with the necessary to allow some space between straw facing upwards the straw and the base of bottle. The water purifier is completed. Put the water pu sun or under a table lamp in the water is collected. You can then obtain clean water from laboratory. After several hours, some the upper bottle. clean water will be collected in the upper bottle. jer under the Separate the two bottles when sufficient amount of clean © Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2017