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Section Views 389

Occasionally. a general section line symbol is used to repre_
sent a group of materials, such as steel. The specific typc of
steel to be used rvill be indicated in the title block or parts list.
Occasionally'. with assembly section views, material symbols
are used to identify different parts of the assembly.
Most CAD software contains a number of ANSI standard
materiais symbols. u'hich are placed on the CAD drau.ing
automaticaliy, after the area to be sectioned is defined.
8.3.2 SketchingTechniques
The general-purpose cast iron section line is sketched at a 45_
degree angle and spaced /16tnch(1.5 mm) to 7, inch (3 mm)
or more, depending on the size of the drawing. As a general
rule, use Vs-inch spacing. Section lines are sketched as thin
(.35 mm or.016 inch) black lines, using an H or 2H pencil.
Figure 8.20 sho*,s examples of good and poor section
lines sketched using hand tools. The section lines should
be evenly spaced and of equal thickness, and they should
be thinner than visible lines. Aiso, do not run section lines
beyond the visible outlines or stop them too short.
Section lines should not run parallel or perpendicular
to the visible ourline (Figures 8.21A and B). If the visible
outline to be sectioned is drawn at a 45-degree angle, the
section lincs are drawn at a different angle. such as 30
degrees (Figure 8.21C).
Avoid placing dimensions or notes within the section_
lined areas (Figure 8.22). If the dimension or nore musr be
placed within the sectioned area, omit the section lines in
the area of the note, as shown in Figures g.22B and C.
CAD software will automaticaily space the section
lines evenly. Also, some CAD software will automatically
omit the section lines if a note is placed within the sec_
tioned area.
8.3.3 0utline Sections
An outline section view is created by drawing partial sec_
tion lines adjacent to all object lines in the section view
(Figure 8.23). For large parts, outline sections may be
used to save time. Outline sections are typically not sup_
ported by CAD systems.

8.3.4 ThinWaltSections
Very thin parts, such as washers.and gaskets, are not eas_
ily represented with section lines, so conventional prac_
Correct tice calls for representing parts less than 4 mm thick
(45'; Equal spacing)

lncorrect
(Linework is
inconsistently spaced)

lncorrect
lnconect
(Linework fails to end at
boundaries of area)

@
mNa (A) Avoid! (B) Avoid! (C) preferred

Incorrect Section line placement

(Linework is loo widely
spaced)
Avoid placing section lines parallel or perpendicular to visible
lines.

lncorrect
(Linework is not
indirection)
consistent
lncorrect
(Linework intensity is
incusistent)
WWM (A) Avoid! (B) preferred (C) preferred

@
Notes in section-lined arcas
lNxamples of good and poor section lining techniques Section lines are omitted around notes and dimensions.