Environmental Remediation Group 1 Date: 21/05/2019

Spherical agglomeration and coking in obtaining light-weight

aggregate
Yingqi Fan, Arantxa Garcia, Olu Dare, Raquel Tejero, Maria Amparo Hernandez
Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Green Technologies and Monitoring, 4th
year, 6th semester

1. The purpose of the exercise

The purpose of the exercise is to determine the density of specific and bulk density of ash and
aggregates. Also, we determined the absorptivity of the light-weight aggregates and the volume
density.

2. The exact course of the exercise

The exercise is divided into five parts:

The first part of the exercise is to calculate the specific density of powder ash with the following
formula (1).

( ms −m 0 )−γ w
γ= (1)
( ms −m0 )−m1−m 2

We need to weight the clean, dry pycnometer (mo) , the pycnometer with a small amount of ash
(ms), the mass of the pycnometer with solid material and water (m1) and the mass of the
pycnometer with water (m2).

The second part of the exercise is to determine the bulk density of the powder ash with the
following formula (2).

(mn−mc )
γb= (2)
V
We need to weight the clean, dry cylinder (mc) and the filled cylinder (mn).

The third part of the exercise is to determine the bulk density of the aggregates with the
following formula (3) weighing the empty, dry cylinder (m1) and the cylinder with aggregates
(m2)

(m 2−m1)
γb= (3)
V
The following step is to determine the absorptivity of the light-weight aggregates using the
following formula (4).

(mw −ms )× 100 %

nk = (4)
mw

The last step of the process is to determine the volume density with the following formula (5)

(m× water density)

Pp= .
v
We need to weight the mass of the cylinder with water (m1), the mass of the cylinder water and
samples saturated with water (m1), the mass of the dry cylinder (m0) and the mass of the
aggregates saturated with water (M).

Procedure to create the material used in tests 3 and 4:

The preparation of the rocks can be divided into two steps, the first consists of sifting the balls of
water, milt rock and ash. Once you have the grains, you go to the granulation plate where
different angles are obtained balls of different diameters, the influence of gravity on the size that
were formed on the walls of the plate. the preparation of the balls is a slow process in which the
sieved mixture was added little by little allowing it to rotate around the plate, from time to time it
was sprinkled with water, and then mixed and so on. The spheres of different diameters are
collected and allowed to dry, the main use of them is in gardening, they are used to maintain the
humidity of the plants.
 3. Experimental part

PART 1

DUST 1

ms =30,62 gr
m 0=29,53 gr
γ w =1 gr /cm3
m 1=81,10 gr
m2=80,70 gr

( ms −m 0 )−γ w
γ= = 1,5797
( ms −m0 )−m1−m 2

PART 2

DUST 1

m n 1=379,53 gr
mn 2=377,1 gr
m n 3=354,78 gr
mn media=370,50 gr
m c =120,38 gr
V =π × h× r 2=π ×22 cm× 2,152=319,48 cm2

(m n−m c )
γb= =0,7953
V

PART 3

AGGREGATES 1

m2 1=278,40 gr
m 2 2=274,12 gr
m2 3=282,43 gr
m 2 media=278,3166 gr
m1=108,21 gr
V =319,48 cm2

(m 2−m1)
γb= =0,53244
V
AGGREGATES 2

m2 1=108,182 gr
m 2 2=gr
m2 3=gr
m 2 media=gr
m1=gr
V =319,48 cm2

(m 2−m1)
γb= =¿
V

PART 4

AGGREGATES 1

mw 3=539,641 gr
m w 10=541,48 gr
ms =500,24 gr

(m w −m s )× 100 %
nk 3= =7,301 %
mw
(m −ms )× 100 %
nk 10= w =7,616 %
mw

AGGREGATES 2

m w 3=744,4 gr
mw 10=751,2 gr
m s =501,0 gr

(mw −ms )× 100 %

nk 3= =32,69 %
mw
(m −m s )× 100 %
nk 10= w =33,31 %
mw

PART 5
AGGREGATES 1

(m× water density) ( 1911,8−1843,5 ) × 1 gr /cm3

Pp= =
v 839,9

AGGREGATES 2

(m× water density) ( 1911,8−1843,5 ) × 1 gr /cm3

Pp= =
v 839,9

4. Conclusions