KRUPP UHDE STANDARD February 1997

Vessels and equipment

UN
TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGERS 2100-01
General specifications Part 1
Behälter and Apparate; Rohrbündel-Wärmetauscher; Supersedes 94-02
Technische Lieferbedingungen

Contents
1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................................1
2 Rating....................................................................................................................................................................1
3 Design...................................................................................................................................................................1
3.1 Wall thickness and wall thickness allowance .........................................................................................................1
3.2 Tubesheets ............................................................................................................................................................1
3.3 Tube bundles .........................................................................................................................................................2
3.4 Shell flanges, bonnet flanges and tubesheet sealing faces ...................................................................................2
3.5 Internals .................................................................................................................................................................2
4 Fabrication............................................................................................................................................................3
4.1 Tolerance...............................................................................................................................................................3
4.2 Heat treatment .......................................................................................................................................................3
4.3 Cleaning.................................................................................................................................................................3
4.4 Pickling ..................................................................................................................................................................3
4.5 Bolted joints and gaskets .......................................................................................................................................3
5 Tests and inspections .........................................................................................................................................3
5.1 Sheets, tubes and forgings ....................................................................................................................................3
5.2 Tube-to-tubesheet joints ........................................................................................................................................3
5.3 Pressure test..........................................................................................................................................................3
6 Nameplates...........................................................................................................................................................4

1 Scope
This Krupp Uhde standard for tubular heat exchangers shall be applied in conjunction with Krupp Uhde stan-
dard UN 2000-01 Part 1.

Deviations from this standard are only permitted if approved by Krupp Uhde GmbH in writing (e.g. in the case
of special-type heat exchangers or manufacturers standard designs). However, these heat exchangers shall
comply with the codes and standards specified in the purchase order.

2 Rating
Unless otherwise specified, the components shall be rated separately according to the shell-side and tube-
side design requirements.

3 Design
3.1 Wall thickness and wall thickness allowance
The minimum wall thicknesses of the shells, baffle plates, longitudinal partitioning plates and channel parti-
tions, and the minimum diameter of the tie-rods shall be designed in accordance with Krupp Uhde standard
UN 2100-02 Part 3.

The wall thickness allowance shall be applied according to the relevant codes and standards, and the corro-
sion and erosion allowances in conjunction with the design data sheet.

The corrosion allowance shall be applied to all components coming into contact with the process fluid. No
corrosion allowance is required for tube bundles and tubesheet grooves.

In the case of components which come into contact with the process fluid on the tube and shell sides, the
corrosion allowance shall be applied to both sides.

3.2 Tubesheets
Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance of the tubesheet holes shall be observed according to DIN 28 182,
Continued on pages 2 to 4
Date Prepared Date Checked Date Approved

© 1997 Krupp Uhde GmbH Technical discipline: EN-EP

Page 2 UN 2100-01 Part 1

tolerance class 2 and/or the TEMA standards.

In the case of heat exchangers with several passes on the tube side, the tubesheet face shall be provided with
grooves of 5 mm depth for accommodating the partitioning plate gaskets. The bottom of the grooves and the
circumferential sealing face for the ring gasket shall be on the same level.

In the case of removable tube bundles of > 300 mm diameter, at least two diametrically arranged eyebolts or
lugs shall be provided on the channel side of the tubesheet to permit removal of the tube bundle. The entire
cross section of the lugs shall be welded to the tubesheet. In addition, the tubesheets of removable tube bun-
dles shall be provided with three jackscrew bosses on the circumference of the tubesheet. The shell flange
shall be provided with three corresponding threaded holes and jackscrews. Refer to Krupp Uhde standard UN
2100-03 Part 2.

The tubesheet holes shall be properly deburred or rounded off (with a min. chamfer of 1 mm x 45° or radius of
1 mm).

3.3 Tube bundles

The tolerance of the tubes made of ferritic or austenitic steel used for the bundles shall correspond to DIN 2391
Part 1 and 2 or DIN 2393 Part 1 and 2 or to tolerance classes D4-T3 specified in DIN 2462 Part 1 or DIN 2463
Part 1. In exceptional cases, the tolerance according to DIN 28 180 or DIN 28 181 requires mutual agreement. In
the case of carbon steel tubes and tolerance according to DIN 28 180, tolerance class 1 shall apply. In all other
cases tolerance class 2 is applicable. If ASME materials are used, SA 450 shall be applied for cold-drawn or hot-
finished tubes. For dimensions and materials refer to the design data sheet. The tolerance for other materials
shall be agreed upon separately.

Unless otherwise specified, the tube-to-tubesheet joints shall comply with Krupp Uhde standard UN V 416-02
Part 1.

The written approval of Krupp Uhde GmbH is required prior to any work where expanded joints are used to
fasten tubes to the tubesheet. The manufacturer shall indicate the following details in the drawing:
a) Exact tube hole tolerance
b) Surface quality of tube holes (max. roughness Ra = 3.2 µm)
c) Length and position of expanded section
d) Dimension of expansion
e) Number, dimensions and position of grooves if used in tube holes

Removable tube bundles shall be provided with at least two skids welded to the baffle or support plates.
These skids may also serve as tie-rods.

3.4 Shell flanges, bonnet flanges and tubesheet sealing faces

Unless otherwise specified, the faces of the shell flanges shall be of the male and female type or of the tongue
and groove type. The machining of the sealing faces e.g. tongue and groove shall take place after welding or
after the final heat treatment. Exceptions shall be agreed upon in writing with Krupp Uhde GmbH.

3.5 Internals
3.5.1 Baffle and support plates
Refer to the design data sheet for the number and design of the baffle and support plates.

The baffle plates shall be positioned by spacers or welded to the tie-rods.

When spacers are used, the tie-rods shall be screwed into the tubesheet behind the last baffle or support
plate and secured by means of lock nuts. The tie-rods shall be adequately spaced over the bundle to ensure
the specified rigidity. Refer to Krupp Uhde standard UN 2100-02 Part 3.

Unless otherwise specified, the tube holes in the baffle and/or support plates shall correspond to DIN 28 182
or to TEMA standards. These holes shall be carefully deburred on both sides, e.g. with a chamfer of 0.5 mm x
45° or a radius of approx. 1 mm.

3.5.2 Grid-type supports

When grid-type supports are installed, the design shall be agreed upon with Krupp Uhde GmbH.

3.5.3 Longitudinal partitions

Refer to Krupp Uhde standard UN 2100-04 Part 1 for details on longitudinal partitions.
 UN 2100-01 Part 1 Page 3

3.5.4 Bundle sealing strips

Bundle sealing strips are required where untubed sections are located between the tubed sections and shell,
(e.g. sections where an impingement baffle is installed) and where the shell-side fluid contained therein is not
subjected to heat exchange.

The bundle sealing strips shall be inserted and welded into the slots of the baffle plates. The strips may also
serve as tie-rods; in this case they shall extend to the outer row of tubes.

3.5.5 Impingement baffles

If an impingement baffle is required at the inlet nozzle on the shell side, then the diameter of the impingement
baffle shall be at least 50 mm larger than that of the nozzle. The baffle shall not be perforated nor be provided
with cut-outs. The annular gap between shell and impingement baffle shall be at least as large as the cross
section of the inlet nozzle. The impingement baffle shall be welded between the baffle plates or bolted or
clamped to the tube bundle. An impingement plate shall be provided when any of the following are present:
• Saturated steam
• LITAB = Fluids with a product of ρ • ν > 745.
2

ρ = density [kg/m ]
3

ν = velocity [m/s]

4 Fabrication
4.1 Tolerance
Refer to Krupp Uhde standard UN 2100-02 Part 2.

4.2 Heat treatment

Local stress-relieving requires the approval of Krupp Uhde GmbH. In the case of cold-bent U-tubes with low
bending radi, the requirements of the applicable codes and standards concerning annealing shall be ob-
served.

4.3 Cleaning
Prior to assembly for welding, the tubes, baffle plates and tubesheets shall be cleaned. Refer to Krupp Uhde
standard UN V416-02 Part 1.

4.4 Pickling
Where pickling is required, chloride-free pickling agents shall be used. Pickling shall be carried out in accor-
dance with Krupp Uhde standard UN V416-03 Part 1.

4.5 Bolted joints and gaskets

Shaped stud bolts, or threaded rods with two nuts according to ASME code, shall be used for shell flanges.
The torque required for tightening the bolts shall be indicated in the drawing. When hydraulic tightening de-
vices are used, the bolt elongation, instead of the tightening torque shall be specified.

External bolting and gaskets for the tie-in nozzles of stacked heat exchangers shall be supplied by the manu-
facturer.

5 Tests and inspections

5.1 Sheets, tubes and forgings
Refer to the applicable standard and specification for tests and inspections.

5.2 Tube-to-tubesheet joints

For tests of the tube-to-tubesheet welding sample refer to Krupp Uhde standard UN V416-02 Part 1, for test of
components refer to the inspection data sheet (IDS).

5.3 Pressure test

For pressure tests on the shell side, the shell shall be inclined (gradient 1:20) to accelerate the detection of
possible leakages in the tube. Unless otherwise specified, the minimum holding time shall be 2 hours.

The testing devices listed in sections 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 shall be furnished and supplied by the manufacturer. In the
case where a single test ring is required for several items of equipment, only one test ring shall be furnished.
However, a test ring is required for each heat exchanger, where identical heat exchangers are stacked.
Unless otherwise specified, Krupp Uhde standard UN V416-04 Part 1 is applicable as regards the permissible
chloride content during the pressure test of heat exchangers, which are made wholly or partly of, or lined with,
Page 4 UN 2100-01 Part 1

austenitic steel.

5.3.1 Fixed-tubesheet heat exchangers

The shell-side pressure shall be tested first, after the channel and the bonnet have been removed. Then the
tube-side pressure test shall be carried out.

5.3.2 Heat exchanger with floating head

In the shell-side pressure test, the tube bundle shall be inserted into the shell and a special device used to
provide a seal between the floating-head tubesheet and the shell. The fixed tubesheet shall be sealed against
the shell by a test ring. The tube-side pressure test shall be performed after installation of the channel and the
floating head cover. After the tube-side pressure test has been completed, the heat exchanger shall be as-
sembled and subjected to the second shell-side pressure test.

5.3.3 U-tube heat exchangers

During the shell-side pressure test, visibility of the tubesheet shall be maintained for inspection purposes. The
shell-side pressure test shall be performed first, followed by the tube-side pressure test. A test ring is required
for removable tube bundles.

6 Nameplates
All heat exchangers shall be provided with a nameplate according to Krupp Uhde standard UN 2000-09
Part 1. In the case of vertical heat exchangers, the nameplate shall be arranged above the lowest shell-side
nozzle, and in the case of horizontal heat exchangers on the right-hand side above the front saddle on the
level of the longitudinal axis (as seen when facing the channel side).

Reference standards
Uhde standards:
UN V416-02 Part 1 Vessels and equipment; Tube-to-tubesheet joints
UN V416-03 Part 1 Vessels and equipment; Surface treatment of austenitic stainless steels after welding
UN V416-04 Part 1 Quality requirements for water used for pressure tests and flushing of vessels, pipe-
lines and other components
UN 2000-01 Part 1 Vessels and equipment; Pressure vessels; General specification
UN 2000-09 Part 1 Vessel nameplate
UN 2100-02 Part 2 Vessels and equipment; Dimensional tolerance for heat exchangers
UN 2100-02 Part 3 Vessels and equipment; Minimum wall thickness and tie rods for heat exchangers
UN 2100-03 Part 2 Vessels and equipment; Jackscrew bosses at the tube sheet for heat exchangers
UN 2100-04 Part 1 Vessels and equipment; Longitudinal baffle for heat exchangers
DIN standards:
DIN 2391 Part 1 Seamless precision steel tubes; Dimensions
DIN 2391 Part 2 Seamless precision steel tubes; Technical delivery conditions
DIN 2393 Part 1 Welded precision steel tubes; Dimensions
DIN 2393 Part 2 Welded precision steel tubes; Technical delivery conditions
DIN 2462 Part 1 Seamless stainless steel tubes; Dimensions; Masses per unit length
DIN 2463 Part 1 Welded austenitic stainless steel pipes and tubes; Dimensions, conventional masses
per unit of length
DIN 28180 Seamless steel tubes for tubular heat exchangers; Dimensions, dimensional deviations
and materials
DIN 28181 Welded steel tubes for tubular heat exchangers; Dimensions, dimensional deviations
and materials
DIN 28182 Tubular heat exchangers; Tube pitches, diameter of holes in tube sheets, baffles and
support plates
other standards:
TEMA-Standards Standards of Tubular Exchangers Manufacturers Association