FOBAS Change-Over Calculator

Guidance Notes:
This tool provides an estimate of the time required for low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) to dilute and flush through high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) in order to meet the
legislative sulphur limits required for operating in a SOx Limited Zone (SLZ), such as Emission Control Areas established to limit SOx and particulate matter
emissions (ECA-SOx) or EU Directive 2005/33/EC. LSFO is a fuel oil with a sulphur content not exceeding the relevant limit value whereas HSFO is a fuel oil with a
sulphur content which exceeds the relevant limit value. In this context LSFO and HSFO could be either residual or distillates fuel oils although, depending on the
relevant limit value, in practice certain options would not be generally available.

Please fill in all the data fields and select the required sulphur limit from the drop down menu or define your own value to determine time and cost involved to
achieve the sulphur limit at the engine inlet. The calculation is based on a complete linear blend of the two fuels during the dilution stages since this is the only
means by which this can be undertaken although in service such linear blending will typically not be the case due to the particular design of tanks and the filling
and suctions connections.

It is necessary to ensure that adequate quantities of ready-to-use oil fuel for engines and boilers used for propulsion and generation plant remain continuously
available during any changeover procedures from HSFO to LSFO.

In addition it is necessary to confirm with engine and equipment manufacturers that main and auxiliary engines, boilers and associated fuel treatment equipment
are suitable for use of the LSFO to be used and implement any recommendations made by the manufacturers.

The compatibility between the HSFO and LSFO should be verified before commencing the change over process.

This calculator applies to only to the case where the change over is to be achieved by introducing LSFO into tanks previously containing HSFO.. It is not applicable
where the change over is to be achieved by changing over the tanks being drawn from.

Lloyd’s Register FOBAS will be pleased to provide any further guidance which may be required.

Lloyd's Register, its affiliates and subsidiaries and their respective officers, employees or agents are, individually and collectively, referred
to in this clause as the ‘Lloyd's Register Group’. The Lloyd's Register Group assumes no responsibility and shall not be liable to any person
for any loss, damage or expense caused by reliance on the information or advice in this calculator or howsoever provided, unless that
person has signed a contract with the relevant Lloyd's Register Group entity for the provision of this information or advice and in that case
any responsibility or liability is exclusively on the terms and conditions set out in that contract.

© Lloyd’s Register 2010

Version 3.0
FOBAS Change-Over Calculator Graphical representation of change over time from HSFO to LSFO

S u lp h u r co n te n t [% m /m ]
Version 3.1

HSFO - High sulphur fuel oil

LSFO - Low sulphur fuel oil

At start of change over:

HSFO in the settling tank 1.00 t Sulphur range 4.5% - 0.0% m/m
4.5
HSFO in the service tank 7.50 t
4.0 Settling tank
HSFO in the service system (inc.mixing tank) 8.50 t Service tank
Rate of fuel consumption (engines) 1.58 t/hr 3.5 Mixing tank

3.0
HSFO 2.5
Sulphur content 3.15 % m/m
0.00 $/t 2.0
Price
1.5
LSFO 1.0
Sulphur content 0.10 % m/m
0.5
Price 0.00 $/t
0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Required sulphur content at engine Inlet
Elapsed time from start of change over [hr]

S u lp h u r c on te n t [% m /m ]
Please select from drop down options or directly 1.00 % m/m
enter required value

Change over time to achieve required

fuel oil sulphur value at engine inlet 13.05 hr
Additional cost due to use of LSFO 0.00 $
Sulphur range 1.0% - 0.0 % m/m
1.0
0.9 Settling tank
0.8 Service tank
0.7 Mixing tank
Note: 0.6
Minimum value for settling tank: 1 tonne 0.5
0.4
Minimum value for service tank: 1 tonne 0.3
0.2
Minimum value for service system (incl. mixing tank): 1 tonne 0.1
Maximum calculated change over time: 200 hrs 0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Change over time given in increments of 0.15 hrs Elapsed time from start of change over [hr]

© Lloyd's Register 2010

Calculation
Fuel time
in the settling
Fuel
www.lr.org
in tank
the mixing/dearation
Rate of
Total
fuelLS
consumption
tank
fuel supply from Sulphur
switchSulphur
over
flow into
out settling
of settling
Sulphur
tank
tankout
andofinto
service
service
tank
tank
and into mixing tank
3.50 hr MT MT MT MT/hr MT kg kg kg
1.50 Time from switch over
1.00
0.50
0.20
0.10
Sulphur out of mixing DS
tankin settling tank
DS in service tank
DS in mixing tank Sulphur content inSulphur
settlingcontent
tank inSulphur
service content
tank in mixing tank
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 - Switch over time
kg % % % % % % hr