Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant Part Number: CFP18K74-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-2842-3
Health Monitoring System using Internet of Things
Vaishnavi Patil Sanjay Singh Thakur
Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication Telecommunication
Vidyalankar Institute of Technology Vidyalankar Institute of Technology
Wadala, Mumbai Wadala, Mumbai
15patil.vaishnavi@gmail.com sanjaysingh.thakur@vit.edu.in
Abstract— Healthcare has become one of the principal issue
with the rise in human population and medical expenditure. For
a healthy life, it is essential to follow human body’s vital signals.
Continuous Monitoring of patient’s vital signals cannot be
provided outside hospital. As it is hard to monitor the patient’s
condition for 24 hours, it was proposed in this paper to observe
continuously the condition of patient despite the patient being
busy with his routine and to screen the health status to the
doctors through Internet of Things. This paper proposes health
monitoring system using non-intrusive biomedical sensors that
measure five parameters like ECG, heartbeat, respiration,
temperature and blood pressure. Proposed method makes use of
Arduino Mega Controller to which non-invasive biomedical
sensors are connected. The output is displayed on any digital
monitoring system using Arduino Mega. The data obtained from
the sensors is uploaded to the ThingSpeak cloud to store and to
access patient’s information by their doctors or by the concerned
for necessary follow-ups in real-time. IoT is a powerful domain
where sensors can connect and data is viewed over the Internet.
Keywords—Internet of Things (IoT), health monitoring, Non-
invasive sensors, ThingSpeak, Arduino Mega.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the health care sector Internet of Things is innovatory.
The amount of prolonged diseases is on a rise, cost of the
healthcare services is higher than ever and the population is
aging [1]. Healthcare services can be made easier at least in
terms of accessibility by the technology, as it is not possible
for the technology to stop the population from aging or
eradicate chronic diseases at once. The routine of medical
checks from a hospital can be moved to the patient’s home
with the help of technology. The enormous share of hospital
bills is consumed by medical diagnostic. The need for
hospitalization can be lessened by right diagnosis. Progress in
technology is giving us the resources and tools to control our
health. The flexibility to access and share our health status
securely to the doctors or to our relatives is possible because
of today’s technology. This technology is reducing the
paperwork. Managing our health is about to change for the
better as medical breakthroughs are helping us live longer and
healthier. Healthcare is an era of significant opportunity. IoT
(Internet of things) in healthcare allows medical centers to
work efficiently. IoT improves the standard of treatments and
accordingly the health of patients. The way the facilities are
delivered to healthcare production has changed by IoT.
The aim of this paper is to examine the vital parameters of
the patient through non-invasive sensors and using IoT send
this data to doctors or hospitals thus reducing the delay caused
during the treatment of the patient. IoT assists in forming a
link among the patients and hospitals.
IoT holds the promise of life-changing technology. Jieran
et al. [2] developed an intelligent system using RFID, that
notice the disinfected articles and alerts the medical workers.
Boyi et al. presented IoT primarily built structure for provision
Vaibhav Kshirsagar
Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication
Vidyalankar Institute of Technology
Wadala, Mumbai
vaibhav.kshirsagar@vit.edu.in
of crisis remedial facilities and validated use of IoT for
interoperability [3]. A system which can be used for personal
health monitoring of patient based on his symptoms was
developed in [4]. Wireless Body Area Network implements
real-time health monitoring by equipping patients with wireless
devices [5]. A real- time, wireless and auto-alarm smart method
is proposed [6]. A smart mobile system was projected for
remotely reachable monitoring system [7]. Ruoxi Yu [8]
proposed a system where wearable devices can incorporate
with cloud services. The continuous detection of arrhythmia
was done by wireless electrocardiogram sensor [9]. A real-time
analysis of patient’s condition was done by Laboratory Virtual
Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) [10].
The continuing paper is structured as follows: In section II
the proposed methodology is explained. System
Implementation and outcomes are revealed in section III and
conclusion in section IV.
II. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
The proposed method monitor’s health parameters using
Arduino Mega. Arduino Mega is a principal controller of our
proposed system. The parameters which are monitored in this
system are temperature, Heartbeat, ECG, Respiration and
Blood Pressure. These parameters are measured using
respective sensors and monitored using Arduino Mega. After
connecting internet to Arduino Mega, it acts as a server.
The data which is monitored by Arduino Mega is showed
on the website automatically by the server. Patient’s health
status can be monitored easily.
Detecting, Transport and Application layers are the three
layers in the design of IoT applications.
a. In the detecting layer, we measure the body parameters
like temperature, Heartbeat, ECG, Respiration and
Blood Pressure.
b. The process of sending information to the cloud by
utilizing Arduino Mega with Wi-Fi module ESP8266 is
done in the transport layer. To access the information in
the cloud we use open cloud server named
“ThingSpeak”. ThingSpeak provides the facility of
creating our own account and a channel by the name of
our project [11].To compose information to the cloud
we get an id and API-Key.
c. At the Application layer, the information can be
recovered using API-Key so as to obtain the
information from the server.
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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant Part Number: CFP18K74-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-2842-3

A. Block Diagram and one-meter long waterproof temperature sensor

Fig.1 represents the basic illustration of health monitoring
scheme by Internet of Things. The Arduino Mega module
monitors the biomedical parameters like Temperature,
Heartbeat, ECG, Blood Pressure and Respiration rate. The
controller is given a supply of 5V. The biomedical parameters
are measured using a Temperature sensor, Heartbeat sensor,
ECG sensor, BP sensor and respiration sensor respectively.
The monitored parameters are displayed on LCD and
directed to the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. From the Wi-Fi
module, this information is made available to the doctors or to
the concerned one using open cloud server i.e. ThingSpeak.
The health status updated on the server can be recorded for
future reference using SD card.
probe. It is centered on DS18B20 sensor. This sensor
gives 9-12 bit temperature readings. These readings are
provided over a 1-Wire interface. The sensor is suitable
for 3.0-5.5V systems. It provides ±0.5℃ Accuracy from
- 10℃ to +85℃. Operating temperature range: -67℉ to
+257℉. Consist of three wires: red for VCC, black wire
for GND and yellow wire for DATA. Needs Pull-up
resistor of value 4.7k between data and supply.
4. Pulse Senor: Pulse Sensor is a heart-rate sensor for
Arduino. Noise cancellation circuitry and amplification
are done by the pulse sensor. Hence, pulse reading is
easier and faster to obtain. It works with 3V or 5V. It
measures the heartbeat per time, conveyed in bpm (bits
per minute).
5. WI-FI MODULE (ESP8266): WI-FI or wireless fidelity
module is used to associate the computer with internet
for uninterrupted observing of patients. Then the
required parameters are monitored. This WI-FI unit is a
self-contained.
6. 16x2 LCD Display: The measured values of heart beat,
respiration rate, temperature of the patient is displayed
on 16x2 LCD module.
7. Respiration Sensor: Sound Sensor Module- MIC is
used. 5 volt supply is ideal for this sensor. The output
obtained is digital in nature.

B. Software
Arduino software (IDE) is used for programming. This
software provides the benefit to compose programme and
upload it.

III. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

Fig.1.Illustration of patient health monitoring using IoT

A. Hardware Module
The non-invasive sensors which are used to estimate the
values of vital parameters are described as follows:
1. Arduino Mega 2560: It is a microcontroller board. It
has 16 Analog inputs, 54 Digital input/output pins,
16MHz crystal oscillator, USB connection, 4UARTs,
power jack, reset button and an ICSP header.
Everything required to upkeep the controller is present;
just unite it with a computer using USB cable.
2. ECG sensor: The measurement of the electrical
movement is done using an AD8232 module. It is cost
effective. The electrical activity measured can be
signified as an ECG (Electrocardiogram) with an
analog output. An AD8232 module acts as an OP-
APM to aid achieve a strong signal [12].
3. Temperature Sensor: The sensor used to quantity Fig.2.The hardware of health monitoring system
physique temperature is a DS18B20 waterproof 1524
temperature sensor probe. This probe is a digital, sealed
 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant Part Number: CFP18K74-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-2842-3
As shown in Fig.2 Arduino Mega 2560 is a key part for
monitoring patient’s biological parameters like Temperature,
respiration rate, blood pressure, ECG, Heartbeat.
They are sensed through their respective sensors. The data
obtained from these sensors are sent to Arduino Mega for
monitoring and this data is displayed on 16*2 LCD. Further,
the data collected is referred to server by Wi-Fi module.
Fig.3.Representation of biomedical information using ThingSpeak
The biomedical parameters i.e. temperature, Heartbeat,
respiration, blood pressure is characterized in graphical
manner in fig.3.This figure is obtained from cloud server i.e.
“ThingSpeak”. ThingSpeak has parameters in y-axis and time
in the x-axis.
IV. CONCLUSION
The projected method aims at providing efficient and better
health services using IoT. An efficient health monitoring
system is deployed to examine patient’s health in the
nonappearance of doctor. The health status is then updated to
the doctor using IoT. The doctor can monitor the progress of
patient’s health now and then to advise them about their health.
Practical application of this scheme is beneficial in rural areas
as the necessity for regular check-ups at the medical centers
will be reduced. This system is user-friendly and acts as a
medium of communication for doctors and patients.
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