Kerry Christian Nicole B.

Tapdasan
AB-IS-AS 3
CHAPTER 8

In every aspect in life, there is this kind of connection in which a lot or

some happenings in our lives can be connected to the past. In philosophy,
philosophers become great when they leave there records, papers, or simple
tracks that changes something or by new discovery that may work in some or
specific areas in life. They are not just inventions, innovations, or etcetera,
they are the future.

I. I have chosen the philosopher Karl Marx, specifically about his ideologies
regarding or concerning to Economy and Society. For Marx, social
change was about conflict between opposing interests, driven in the
background by economic forces. This became the inspiration for the body of
works known as the conflict theory. In his evolutionary model of history, he
argued that human history began with free, productive and creative work that
was over time coerced and dehumanised, a trend most apparent under
capitalism. Marx noted that this was not an intentional process, rather no
individual or even state can go against the forces of economy. The
organisation of society depends on means of production. Literally, those
things, like land, natural resources and technology, necessary for the
production of material goods and the relations of production. In other words,
the social relationships people enter into as they acquire and use the means of
production. Marx differentiated between base and superstructure, with the
base (or substructure) referring to the economic system and superstructure, to
the cultural and political system. In this new society, the self-alienation would
end and humans would be free to act without being bound by the labour
market.  It would be a democratic society, enfranchising the entire population.
II. The current issue that I want to point out in this paper is the “war on drugs” by
our very own President Duterte, it may seem far from the theories but I'm
pretty sure the connections about Marxs ideas. The war on drugs has been
criticized locally and internationally for the number of deaths resulting from
police operations and alleged summary killings. The human rights watch
criticized the president for extrajudicial killings and until now they still are
undergoing process and all.

III. Karl Marxs ideologies and theories about economy and society can be related
to the current “war on drugs” in the Philippines. Because it is all concerning
about the economy’s being, and the main point here is that the effect of these
drugs on people and on the economy. It may seem so weird that we let these
drug lords be rich and not giving back to the country and in which they don’t
pay for anything except ruining the lives of the people and of course commit
crimes without being held liable.
Kerry Christian Nicole B. Tapdasan
AB-IS-AS 3
CHAPTER 9

Everything started and was developed by this word “evolution”. It basically means
change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive
generations. It is a process and it gives diversity in each thing in this world. This explains
change over time and how they have come to be the way they are. It is just so wonderful
to tackle these types of topics in which we can know a lot and of course to know some
origins and share our thoughts on how these kind of minds work from the time that they
don’t have anything and made use of whatever they have to gather all these information.

I. Charles Darwin- Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who studied

variation in plants and animals during a five-year voyage around the world in
the 19th century. He explained his ideas on evolution in a book called, 'On the
Origin of Species', published in 1859. Darwin's ideas caused a lot of
controversy, and this continues today, because they can be seen as conflicting
with religious views about the creation of the world and the creatures in it.
The basic idea behind the theory of evolution is that all the different species
have evolved from simple life forms. These simple life forms first developed
more than 3 billion years ago (the Earth is about 4.5 billion years old). The
timeline below shows some of the key events in the evolution of life on Earth,
from the first bacteria to the first modern humans.
II. Hudson River Fish are Becoming Immune to Toxic Waste- From 1947 to
1976, the Hudson River was on the business end of some of the country's most
egregious water polluting. Specifically, General Electric's 1.3 million pounds
of PCBs, which single-handedly turned the river into one of the
country's worst Superfund sites. Most fish have a receptor gene that contains a
protein which regulates the effects of toxins. The tomcods have that gene, but
over the past few years, their version has dropped six base pairs, the part of
the DNA that toxic molecules stick to. Think of those base pairs like an
 innocent woman's boobs, and the toxins in the water as Andy Dick's molesting
hands. The toxins seek out and grope the crap out of DNA that have them,
which triggers a chain reaction of mutations. Without those base pairs, the
toxins slide off the gene like hot lard on a Slip-n-Slide.

III. Nowadays, people always neglect the fact that everything comes from the
natural resources and which everything needs to be taken care of. It is just so
clear that one of the reasons that some species evolve because what is natural
to them was cut out because of some particles that could either be harmful or
can make them into something. The theory of evolution plays a lot of role in
here. This specific specie is lucky because they evolved and got immuned by
the toxins but how about the other species that cant be immune to these?
Everyone is responsible to these and should be one that protects our natural
resources and just be selfish about what you have but b concern about our
nature.