COUNTABLE NOUN (Few / Many)

No English Indonesia No English Indonesia

1 Actor/Actress Aktor/Aktris 51 Game Permainan
2 Adult Orang dewasa 52 Garden/Park Taman
3 Animal Hewan 53 Girl Perempuan
4 Answer Jawaban 54 Group Kelompok
5 Apartment Apartemen 55 Heart Jantung/Hati
6 Article Artikel 56 Hill Bukit
7 Baby Bayi 57 Hour Jam
8 Bag Tas 58 Idea Ide
9 Ball Bola 59 Island Pulau
10 Bank Bank 60 Issue Pokok persoalan
11 Beach Pantai 61 Job Pekerjaan
12 Bed Kasur 62 Judge Hakim
13 Bird Burung 63 Key Kunci
14 Boat Perahu 64 Kitchen Dapur
15 Book Buku 65 Lady Wanita
16 Bottle Botol 66 Lake Danau
17 Box Kotak 67 Library Perpustakaan
18 Bridge Jembatan 68 Line Garis/Baris
19 Brother/Sister Saudara lk2/pr 69 List Daftar
20 Bus Bus 70 Magazine Majalah
21 Car Mobil 71 Meeting Pertemuan
22 Card Kartu 72 Message Pesan
23 Case Kasus 73 Method Metode/Cara
24 Cat Kucing 74 Minute Menit
25 Chair Kursi 75 Mistake Kesalahan
26 Chapter Bab 76 Nation Negara
27 Child Anak 77 Office Kantor
28 City Kota 78 Page Halaman
29 Class Kelas 79 Party Partai/Pesta
30 Club Klub 80 Picture Gambar
31 Coat Mantel 81 Plan Rencana
32 College Perguruan tinggi 82 Plane Pesawat
33 Computer Komputer 83 Plant Tanaman
34 Country Negara 84 Problem Masalah
35 Cup Cangkir 85 Reason Alasan
36 Day Hari 86 River, Road/Street Sungai, Jalan
37 Door Pintu 87 School Sekolah
38 Dream Mimpi 88 Shirt Baju/Kemeja
39 Dress Gaun/Pakaian 89 Shop Toko
40 Driver Supir 90 Smile Senyuman
41 Ear Telinga 91 Son/Daughter Anak lk2/pr
42 Edge Pinggir/Tepian 92 Star Bintang
43 Egg Telur 93 Task Tugas
44 Engine Mesin 94 Tent Tenda
45 Face Wajah 95 Tour Wisata
46 Factory Pabrik 96 Town Kota
47 Father, Mother Ayah, Ibu 97 Village Desa
48 Field Lapangan 98 Walk Berjalan
49 Film Film 99 Wall Dinding
50 Friend Teman 100 Year Tahun
 UNCOUNTABLE NOUN (Little / Much)
No English Indonesia No English Indonesia
1 Absence Ketiadaan 51 History Sejarah
2 Access Akses 52 Hope Harapan
3 Advertising Iklan 53 Ice Es
4 Advice Nasihat 54 Imagination Imajinasi
5 Age Usia 55 Information Informasi
6 Applause Tepuk tangan 56 Iron Besi
7 Assistance Bantuan 57 Jealously Kecemburuan
8 Attention Perhatian 58 Jewellery Perhiasan
9 Beauty Keindahan 59 Justice Keadilan
10 Behaviour Tingkah laku 60 Knowledge Pengetahuan
11 Blood Darah 61 Land Tanah
12 Business Usaha/Bisnis 62 Laughter Tawa
13 Capacity Kapasitas 63 Light Cahaya
14 Cash Kas/Tunai 64 Love Cinta
15 Chaos Kekacauan 65 Luck Keberuntungan
16 Clothing Pakaian 66 Magic Sihir
17 Comfort Kenyamanan 67 Mail Surat
18 Concern Perhatian 68 Meat Daging
19 Confidence Keyakinan 69 Mercy Rahmat
20 Chocolate, Coffee Coklat, Kopi 70 Money Uang
21 Damage Kerusakan 71 Motivation Motivasi
22 Dancing Tarian 72 Music Musik
23 Danger Bahaya 73 Nature Alam
24 Darkness Kegelapan 74 News Berita
25 Depression Depresi 75 Noise Kebisingan
26 Design Desain 76 Nutrition Nutrisi
27 Dirt, Dust Kotoran, Debu 77 Pain Penderitaan
28 Education Pendidikan 78 Paper Kertas
29 Energy Energi 79 Parking Parkir
30 Environment Lingkungan 80 Patience Kesabaran
31 Equipment Perlengkapan 81 Peace Kedamaian
32 Evil Kejahatan 82 Philosophy Filsafat
33 Experience Pengalaman 83 Pleasure Kesenangan
34 Failure Kegagalan 84 Policy Kebijaksanaan
35 Faith Iman 85 Power Kekuatan
36 Finance Keuangan 86 Progress Kemajuan
37 Fire Api 87 Protection Perlindungan
38 Food Makanan 88 Quality Kualitas
39 Freedom Kebebasan 89 Recreation Hiburan
40 Friendship Persahabatan 90 Respect Kehormatan
41 Fruit Buah 91 Rice Nasi
42 Fun/Happiness Kesenangan 92 Sand, Salt Pasir, Garam
43 Furniture Mebel 93 Soap Sabun
44 Garbage Sampah 94 Silence Diam
45 Gold Emas 95 Time Waktu
46 Grass, Ground Rumput, Tanah 96 Tolerance Kelapangan dada
47 Growth Pertumbuhan 97 Training Latihan
48 Hair Rambut 98 Trouble Kesulitan
49 Hate Kebencian 99 Truth Kebenaran
50 Health Kesehatan 100 Water Air
 PRONOUN
Kata Ganti

A. PERSONAL PRONOUN (kata ganti orang)

SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSIVE
I  First person singular Me My / Mine
You  Second person singular/plural You Your / Yours
He  Third person singular Him His
She  Third person singular Her Her / Hers
It  Third person singular It Its
We  First person plural Us Our / Ours
They  Third person plural Them Their / Theirs
Exm : Rafiq go to campus using his motorcycle

B. REFLEXIVE PRONOUN (kata ganti refleksif)

Myself Yourself/Yourselves
Himself Herself
Itself Ourselves
Themselves
Exm : I see myself in the mirror

C. INDEFINITE PRONOUN (kata ganti tidak menentu ; kata ganti yang tidak menyebutkan
orang/benda tertentu)

Somebody Anybody Everybody Nobody

Something Anything Everything Nothing
Someone Anyone Everyone No one
Somewhere Anywhere Everywhere Nowhere
Exm : Nobody is happy when a war starts

D. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN (kata ganti yang menunjukkan sesuatu yang spesifik)

NEAR FAR
This That  SINGULAR
These Those  PLURAL
Exm : That looks interesting

E. RELATIVE PRONOUN (kata ganti relatif ; yang mengacu pada orang/benda sebelumnya)

Who Whom Whose

Which What When
Where Why That
Exm : The woman who spoke at meeting is very smart

F. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN (kata ganti tanya)

Who Whom Whose

Which What
Exm : What number is your shoes?
G. RECIPROCAL PRONOUN (kata ganti yang menunjukkan hubungan satu sama lain)

Each other One another

Exm : They love each other

ADJECTIVES
English Indonesia English Indonesia English Indonesia
Happy Bahagia Better Lebih baik Beautiful/Pretty Cantik
Proud Bangga Worse Lebih buruk Gorgeous Sangat Cantik
Fun Menarik Care Peduli Cute Imut/Manis
Funny Lucu Careful Cermat/Teliti Chubby Tembem
Friendly Ramah Carefree Riang Cool Keren
Humble Rendah hati Careless Ceroboh Handsome Tampan
Sad Sedih Helpful Bermanfaat Personable Menarik
Cry Menangis Helpless Tidak berdaya Ugly Jelek
Angry Marah Brave/Daring Berani Sissy / Pansy/ Banci
Criminal Pidana Calm Tenang Effeminacy
Arrogant Sombong Nervous Gugup Darling Sayang
Egoistic/Selfish Egois Panic Panik Dear Sayang/terhormat
Diligent Rajin Worried Risau/Cemas Beloved Tercinta
Lazy Pemalas Afraid/Fear Takut Circle Lingkaran
Closed Tertutup Awful Mengerikan Semi Circle ½ Lingkaran
Open Terbuka Scary Seram Oval Lonjong
Tidy Rapi Fearles Tidak takut Triangular Segitiga
Untidy Berantakan Safe Aman Square Persegi
Messy Kacau Dangerous Berbahaya Rectangular Persegi panjang
Clean Bersih Able Mampu Pentagonal Segi lima
Dirty Kotor Unable Tidak mampu Hexagonal Segi enam
Clear Jelas/Jernih Alive Hidup Heptagon Segi tujuh
Dusty Berdebu Dead Mati Octagonal Segi delapan
Hidden Tersembunyi Fine Sangat baik Equilateral Sama sisi
Smart/Clever Pintar Sick Sakit Isosceles Sama kaki
Intelligent Cerdas Married Menikah Right-angled Siku-siku
Genius Jenius Single Lajang/tunggal Star Bintang
Capable Mampu Famous Terkenal Heart Shaped Berbentuk hati
Stupid Bodoh Unknown Tidak dikenal Conical Kerucut
Fool/Foolish Bodoh (sengaja) Lucky Beruntung Cubic Kubik
Silly Konyol Unlucky Tak beruntung Cylindrical Slinder
Healthy Sehat/Waras Nice Enak/Bagus Pyramidal Piramid
Crazy Gila TastyYummy/ Lezat Round/Spherical Bulat
Good Baik Delicious Spiral Spiral/Pilin-pilin
Bad Buruk Sweet Manis Bent Bengkok
Honest/Sincere Jujur (Tulus) Sugary Manis*food Curved Lengkung
Candid/Frank Jujur (Bebas) Tasteless Hambar Wavy Bergelombang
Lie Bohong Acid Asam Forked Bercabang dua
True Benar Salty Asin Flat Datar
False Salah Bitter Pahit Twisted Berbelit
Fair Adil Aromatic Bau wangi Zigzag Berliku
Cheat/Unfair Curang Stink Bau busuk Steep Curam
Defensive Membela Hot Panas/Pedas Straight Lurus
Offensive Menghina Cold/Icy Dingin Curly Keriting
Kind Baik/Baik hati Juicy Berair Bald Botak
Gentle Lemah lembut Hungry Lapar Hairy Berambut
Evil Jahat Full/satisfied Kenyang Long Panjang
Cruel Kejam Empty Kosong Short Pendek
Polite Sopan Expensive Mahal High Tinggi
Rude Kasar Cheap Murah Low Rendah
ADJECTIVES
English Indonesia English Indonesia English Indonesia
Giant/Gigantic Raksasa Hard Keras/Sulit Awesome/Amazing Mengagumkan/
Near Dekat Soft Lembut Marvelous/Wndrful Sangat Bagus
Big Besar Sharp Tajam Incredible Tk masuk akal
Large Besar Smooth Halus Best Terbaik
Medium Sedang/Tengah Blunt Tumpul Disappointed/ Kecewa
Normal Sedang/Biasa Fast/Quick/Speedy Cepat Frustrated
Small Kecil Slow/Late/Delayed Lambat Jealous Cemburu
Tiny Mungil Usual/Ordinary Biasa/Lazim Heartbreaking Menyayat hati
Wide Lebar Usually Biasanya Painful Menyakitkan
Broad Luas Unusual Luar Biasa Tense Tegang
Narrow Sempit Difficult Sulit Phobic Fobia
Far Jauh Easy Mudah Forgetful Pelupa
Thick Tebal Complex Rumit Naive Naif/Polos
Thin Tipis Simple Sederhana Faithful Setia pd keyakinan
Heavy Berat Interesting Menyenangkan Trusty Terpercaya
Light/Slight Ringan Boring Membosankan Faithless/Rebel Durhaka/bangkang
Fat Gemuk Excited Gembira/Hebo Betrayed/Traitorous Khianat
h
Slim Langsing Noisy Berisik/Ribut Wrecked Hancur
Many/Much Banyak Quiet Diam/Tenang Broken Rusak
Few/Little Sedikit Silent Diam/Sunyi Young/Kid Muda
More Lebih Lonely Kesepian Adult Dewasa
Less Kurang Crowded Ramai Old TuaUsang
Maximal Maksimal Comfortable Nyaman New/Modern Baru
Minimal Minimal Cozy/Pleasant Early Terlalu dini
First Pertama Relaxed Santai Elderly Terlalu tua
Second Kedua Annoyed/Upset Kesal Ancient Kuno
Third Ketiga Common Umum Antique Antik
Fourth Kelima Specific/specia Khusus Often Sering
l
Last Terakhir Premier Terpenting Rare Jarang/Langka
Even/Complete Genap/Lengkap Secondary Kedua Rich/Wealthy Kaya
Odd Ganjil Tertiary Ketiga Luxurious/Fanc Mewah
y
Each Tiap-tiap Front Depan Glorious Mulia
Resistant Menentang Middle Tengah Poor/ Necessitous/ Miskin
Increased Meningkat Back Belakang Needy/Destitude
Decrease/Reduc Berkurang Right Kanan/Benar Beggarly Pengemis
e
Critical Genting Left Kiri Religious Beragama
Possible Mungkin Up Naik Liberal Leluasa
Impossible Tidak mungkin Down Turun/Murung Authoritarian Otoriter/Diktator
Success Berhasil Upper Atas/Tinggi Racist Rasis
Failed Gagal Under/Nether Bawah/Rendah Dry Kering
True/Right/ Benar Top Teratas Wet Basah
 Valid/Correct Bottom Terbawah Bright/Sunny Cerah
False/Wrong Salah Legal Meurut hukum Cloudy Mendung
Positive Positif Illegal Melanggar/liar Rainy Berhujan
Negative Negatif Lively Lebih hidup Snowy Bersalju
Creative Mencipta Deadly Mematikan Summer Musim panas
Active Giat Meaningful Penuh arti/berarti Winter Musim dingin
Passive Tidak giat Mindless Tak ada artinya Black, White, Red, Yellow,
Stable Tetap Dependent Bergantung Orange, Pink, Blue, Green, Purple,
Labile Mudah berubah Independent Berdaulat/Merdeka Gray, Brown, Dark, Light
ADVERB
1 Accidentally Dg tk Sengaja/Kbetulan 52 Maybe Mungkin
2 Actually Sebenarnya 53 Most Paling
3 Adoringly Memujanya 54 Near Dekat
4 After Setelah itu 55 Never Tidak pernah
5 Again Lagi 56 No/Not Tidak
6 Ago Dulu 57 Not yet Belum
7 All Semuanya 58 Now/Currently Sekarang
8 Almost Hampir 59 Off Menjauh/Mati
9 Already Sudah 60 Often Sering
10 Also Juga 61 Once Sekali
11 Always Selalu 62 Only Hanya
12 Anywhere Dimana saja/Kira-kira 63 Out, In Keluar, Didalam
13 Around Sekitar 64 Ouside Keluar/diluar
14 Away Jauh 65 Please Silahkan
15 Back Kembali 66 Politely Dg Sopan
16 Badly Dg Buruk 67 Probably Mungkin
17 Beautifully Dg Indah 68 Quickly Dg Cepat
18 Before Sebelumnya 69 Quite Cukup/Agak
19 Better Lebih baik 70 Quietly Dg Tenang/Diam-diam
20 Both Baik manapun 71 Rarely Jarang
21 Carefully Dg Hati-hati 72 Really Sangat/Sebenarnya
22 Cheerfully Dg Riang/Menyenangkn73 Recently Belakangan ini
23 Daily Harian/Tiap hari 74 Right Benar
24 Diligently Dg Rajinnya 75 Savagely Dg Kejam
25 Down Kebawa 76 Seldom Jarang
26 Easily Dg Mudah 77 So Sangat
27 Else Lain 78 Somewhere Suatu tempat/kira-kira
28 Enough Cukup 79 Sometimes Kadang-kadang
29 Especially Khusus 80 Soon Segera
30 Etc Dan lain-lain 81 Sooner Lebih cepat
31 Ever Pernah 82 Soonest Paling cepat
32 Everywhere Dimana-mana 83 Still Masih
33 Exactly Tepat/Persis 84 Terrible Buruk
34 Extremely Sangat luar biasa 85 Then Kemudian
35 Fast Dg Cepat 86 There Disana
36 Far Jauh 87 Today Today
37 Finally Akhirnya 88 Together Bersama
38 Gracefully Dg Anggun/Kebaikan 89 Tomorrow Besok
39 Happily Dg senang hati 90 Too Terlalu
40 Hard Keras 91 Upstairs Ditingkat atas
41 Here Disini 92 Urgently Sangat mendesak
42 Inside Didalam 93 Usually Biasanya
43 Just Baru saja 94 Very Sangat
44 Late Terlambat 95 Weekly Tiap minggu
45 Later Nanti 96 Well Baik
46 Lazily Malas 97 When Kapan/Apabila
47 Least Paling sedikit 98 Wishfully Angan-angan
48 Less Lebih sedikit 99 Worriedly Khawatir
49 Little Sedikit 100 Worse Lebih buruk
50 Long Lama 101 Worst Paling buruk
51 Loyally Dg Setia 102 Yesterday Kemarin
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS

A. MODAL VERBS
 Indicate the modality in a clause. Modality refer to : Possibility/Probability (kemungkinan),
Ability (kemampuan), Necessity (kebutuhan), Permission (izin), Obligation (kewajiban).
MODAL EXAMPLES
 Can (bisa/dapat) He can try again
 Could (bisa/dapat) Could you do it?
 May (mungkin/boleh) You may follow me
 Might (mungkin/boleh) It might rain tomorrow
 Must/Have to (harus) You must tell me
I have to go now
 Will (akan) I will buy a new pen
 Would (akan) You would be smarter, if you study hard
 Shall (akan/harus) I shall sing in the concert tomorrow
 Should/Ought to (harusnya) You should borrow me much money
Shella ought to write letter
 Need (perlu/butuh) You need smile everyday
Need you make so much noise?
 Had Better (sebaiknya/lebih baik) He had better come here

B. AUXILIARY VERBS
 Indicate adds gramatical (tata bahasa) in a clause .
1. To Be
AUX EXAMPLES
Present Am I (only for I) I am student
Is He, she, it, mine, my... He is old ; My father is old
Are You, we, they You are diligent
Past Was I, he, she, it It was the flood
Were You, we, they They were roasting corns at before
Future Will Be All Party will be starting at tomorrow
Perfect Been All He had been studying for two hours

2. To Do
AUX EXAMPLES
Present Do I, you, we, they I will do anything for you
Does He, she, it He doesn’t like beach
Past Did All Did you see Indri yesterday?
Past prtcpl Done All I have done my homework

3. To Have
 AUX EXAMPLES
General Have I, you, we, they I have sent messenggers to summon all of you
Has He, she, it He has a mind to survive in that country
Past Had All I had eaten

CONJUNCTION
Kata Hubung

A. COORDINATING CONJUNCTION
 Kata hubung yang menghubungkan kalimat setara.
 Menghubungkan 2 Independent Clause (Compund Sentence).
F A N B O Y S
For And Nor But Or Yet So
(karena) (dan) (tdk juga/maupun) (tetapi) (atau) (namun) (maka)
Ex:
- He didn’t come to campus for he sick.
- Habib and Rafiq are bestfriends.
- She didn’t answer my call nor her friends.
- The book is thick, yet the text is large.
- I was hungry, so I made sandwich

B. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION
 Kata hubung yang menghubungkan kalimat bertingkat.
 Menghubungkan Dependent Clause dengan Independent Clause (Complex Sentence).
Time Condition Comparison
After Setelah As long as Selagi/Selama Than Daripada
As Ketika Assuming that Berlagak Rather than Daripada
As soon as Segera setelah If Jika/Kalau Whether Bgaimanapun
Before Sebelum Provided that Asalkan saja Although/Though Meskipun
Now that Sejak itu Only if Hanya jika Even though Meskipun
Once Segera setelah Otherwise Jika tidak Even if Bahkan jika
Since Sejak Or else Jika tidak While Sedangkan
Until/Till Hingga Supposing Seandainya Whereas Sebaliknya
When Ketika Unless Kecuali jika Either Antara
Whenever Kapanpun/Swaktu2 Reason Manner
As Sbagai/Karena As if Seolah-olah
Place Because Karena As though Seperti
Where Dimana In order that/to Agar supaya How Bagaimana
Wherever Dimanapun So/That/So that Agar/Sehingga The way Cara/Jalan
Ex:
- Resma began studying after she back to home.
- Since Adila studied harded, she got good scores.
- We should be polite wherever we live
- As long as you study, you won’t get bad score
- We eat that we may live.
 - She went to school athough she was sick.
- Though they are couples, they are always fighting.

PREPOSITION
Kata Depan
No English Indonesia No English Indonesia
1 About Tentang 29 Instead of Daripada
2 Above Diatas 30 Into Ke/Menjadi
3 According to Menurut 31 Like Seperti
4 Across Diseberang 32 Near Dekat
5 After Setelah 33 Of Dari/Pada
6 Against Terhadap/Melawan 34 Off Keluar/Menjauh
7 Along Sepanjang 35 On Di/Pada
8 Among Diantara 36 Onto Diatas/Keatas
9 Around Sekitar 37 Opposite Seberang
10 As Sebagai 38 Outside Diluar
11 At Di/Pada 39 Out Diluar/Keluar
12 Away from Jauh 40 Out of Keluar dari
13 Before Sebelum 41 Over Diatas
14 Behind Dibelakang 42 Past Melewati
15 Below Dibawah 43 Round Mengelilingi
16 Beneath Dibawah 44 Since Sejak
17 Beside Disamping 45 Than Dari/Daripada
18 Between Diantara 46 Through Melalui
19 Because of Karena 47 Till Sampai
20 Beyond Melampaui 48 To Ke/Untuk/Sampai
21 By Oleh/Dengan 49 Towards Menuju
22 Down Kebawah 50 Under Dibawah
23 During Selama 51 Until Sampai
24 Except Kecuali 52 Up Diatas/Keatas
25 For Untuk/Selama 53 Upon Diatas
26 From Dari 54 With Dengan
27 In Di/Pada 55 Within Dalam
28 In front Didepan 56 Without Tanpa

QUANTITY
SIGNAL EXAMPLES
Few (count) Sedikit/Beberapa There are few reasons
Little (uncount) Sedikit They drunk a little water
Many (count) Banyak Many cases in the country
Much (uncount) Banyak Aziza ate much rice
 A lot of/Lots of Banyak You have got a lot of loves
No Tidak/Tiada Are you have no respect for me?
Enough Cukup That is enough for me
More Lebih Gessica’s experience was more dangerous
Less Kurang His job less attractive
More or Less Kurang lebih The project was more or less a success
Most Paling/Ter... He was our President, so he most famous
Any Sesuatu/Apa saja I don’t know any song
Some Sesuatu/Ada beberapa In some ways is unfortunate
Every Setiap/Semua Every room is full
TENSES

KINDS OF TENSES

1.1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

 Peristiwa yang terjadi berulang-ulang atau jelas kebenarannya.

 Nominal :
+ S + am/is/are + comp
- S + am/is/are + not + comp
? Am/is/are + S + comp
Ex :
- I am student
- I am not student
- Are you student?
- (saya seorang siswa)

 Verbal :
+ S + v1 + obj
- S + don’t/doesn’t + v1 + obj
? Do/does + S + v1 + obj
Ex :
- She plays guitar everyday
- She doesn’t play guitar everyday
- Does she plays guitar everyday?
- (dia bermain gitar setiap hari)

 Time signal of Present Tense :

- Always (selalu)
- Often (sering)
- Seldom (jarang)
- Rarely (jarang sekali)
- Frequently (sering kali)
- Steadly (terus-menerus)
- Regularly (secara tetap)
 - Generally (umumnya)
- Usually, normally, as a rule (biasanya)
- Sometimes, on and of, now and then, occasionally (kadang-kadang)
- Everyday (setiap hari)
- Every month, every monday, every night
- Never (tidak pernah)

1.2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa yang terjadi pada saat ini dan sedang berlangsung.

 Verbal :
+ S + am/is/are + v1 + ing + obj
- S + am/is/are + not + v1 + ing + obj
? Am/is/are + S + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- He is writing letter now
- He is not writing letter now
- Is he writing letter now?
- (dia sedang menulis surat sekarang)

 Time signal of Present Continuous Tense :

- Now (sekarang)
- Right now (sekarang juga)
- At present, At this moment (sekarang ini)
- Today (hari ini)
- Tonight, This evening (malam ini)
- Still (masih)
- Soon (segera)
- Look! (lihat)
- Listen! (dengar)

1.3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

 Peristiwa yang terjadi pada saat ini, bisa saja kejadiannya telah selesai/masih ada.

 Nominal :
+ S + have/has +been + comp
- S + have/has + not + been + comp
? Have/has + S + been + comp
Ex :
- She has been angry just now
- She has not been angry just now
 - Has she been angry just now?
- (dia telah marah baru-baru ini)

 Verbal :
+ S + have/has + v3 + obj
- S + have/has + not + v3 + obj
? Have/has + S + v3 + obj
Ex :
- They have eaten durian lately
- They have not eaten durian lately
- Have they eaten durian lately?
- (mereka telah memakan durian belakangan ini)

 Time signal of Present Perfect Tense :

- Already (sudah) - Finally, at last (akhirnya)
- Just (baru saja) - Once (satu kali)
- Just now (baru tadi, baru-baru ini) - Twice (dua kali)
- Ever..? (pernahkah..?) - Three times (tiga kali)
- Never (tidak pernah) - Many times (berkali-kali)
- Lately (belakangan ini, akhir-akhir ini) - Several times (beberapa kali)
- Recently (baru-baru ini) - For two hours (selama dua jam)
- Not yet (belum) - Since yesterday (sejak kemarin)
- As yet (sampai sekarang) - Since.... (sejak...)
- So far (selama ini)

1.4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa pada saat ini yang telah terjadi dan masih sedang berlangsung.

 Verbal :
+ S + have/has + been + v1 + ing + obj
- S + have/has + not + been + v1 + ing + obj
? Have/has + S + been + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- I have been waiting you since 2 hours ago
- I have not been waiting you since 2 hours ago
- Are you been waiting me since 2 hours ago
- (saya telah menunggumu sejak 2 jam yang lalu)

 Time signal of Present Perfect Continuous Tense :

 - For over 2 years (selama lebih 2 tahun)
- For ... (selama ....)
- Since 8 o’clock (sejak jam 8)
- Since .... (sejak ...)
- All night (sepanjang malam)
- How long..? (berapa lama..?)

2.1. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

 Peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.

 Nominal :
+ S + was/were + comp
- S + was/were + not + comp
? Was/were + S + comp
Ex :
- Rinaldi was here yesterday
- Rinaldi was not here yesterday
- Was rinaldi here yesterday?
- (Rinaldi telah disini kemarin)

 Verbal :
+ S + v2 + obj
- S + did not + v1 + obj
? Did + S + v1 + obj
Ex :
- I went to my uncle’s house last week
- I did not go to my uncle’s house last week
- Did you go to your uncle’s house last week?
- (saya telah pergi ke rumah pamanku pekan lalu)

 Time signal of Past Tense :

- Yesterday (kemarin)
- Yesterday morning (kemarin pagi)
- Last night (tadi malam)
- Last week (pekan lalu)
- An hour ago (sejam yang lalu)
- Two hours ago (2 jam yang lalu)
- In 1978 (pada tahun 1978)
- The day before yesterday (kemarin-kemarin/lusa)
2.2. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang sedang berlangsung ; atau dua peristiwa yang
sedang berlangsung.

 Verbal :
+ S + was/were + v1 + ing + obj
- S + was/were + not + v1 + ing + obj
? Was/were + S + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- Gabriel was sleeping when I came
- Gabriel was not sleeping when I came
- Was Gabriel sleeping when you came?
- (Gabriel telah tertidur ketika saya datang)

 Time signal of Past Continuous Tense :

- .... when .... (... ketika ...)
- .... while ... (... sambil ...)
- All day yesterday (sepanjang hari kemarin)

2.3. PAST PERFECT TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang telah terjadi ; atau dua peristiwa yang telah terjadi.

 Nominal :
+ S + had + been + comp
- S + had + not + been + comp
? Had + S + been + comp
Ex :
- Yola had been beautiful when her boyfriend pick her up yesterday
- Yola had not been beautiful when her boyfriend pick her up yesterday
- Had Yola been beautiful when her boyfriend pick her up yesterday?
- (Yola telah cantik ketika pacarnya menjemputnya kemarin)

 Verbal :
+ S + had + v3 + obj
 - S + had + not + v3 + obj
? Had + S + v3 + obj
Ex :
- He had spoken English in the seminar
- He had not spoken English in the seminar
- Had he spoken English in the seminar?
- (dia telah berbicara bahasa Inggris di dalam seminar)

 Time signal of Past Perfect Tense :

- Ketika : When + Past Tense, + Past Perfect
- Ketika : Past Perfect + when + Past Tense
- Sebelum : Past Perfect + before + Past Tense
- Sebab : Past Tense + because + Past Perfect
- Setelah : Past Tense + after + Past Perfect
- Hingga : Past Tense + until + Past Perfect
- Sesegera : Past Tense + as soon as + Past Perfect
- Baru saja : Past Perfect + Just (he had just left room when the police arrived)

2.4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang telah terjadi dan sedang berlangsung dalam
beberapa saat.

 Verbal :
+ S + had + been + v1 + ing + obj
- S + had + not + been + v1 + ing + obj
? Had + S + been + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- She had been living in Bangkinang about ten years
- She had not been living in Bangkinang about ten years
- Had she been living in Bangkinang about ten years?
- (dia telah tinggal di Bangkinang sekitar 10 tahun)

 Time signal of Past Perfect Continuous Tense :

- For (selama)
- About (sekitar)
- When (ketika)
- After (setelah)
- Before (sebelum)

 Note : tense ini jarang dipakai, sebagai penggantinya “simple past tense”
1.1. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
 Peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu akan datang.

 Nominal :
+ S + shall/will + be + comp
- S + shall/will + not + be + comp
? Shall/will + S + be + comp
Ex :
- He will be in the campus tomorrow
- He will not be in the campus tomorrow
- Will he be in the campus tomorrow?
- (dia akan ada di kampus besok)

 Verbal :
+ S + shall/will + v1 + obj
- S + shall/will + not + v1 + obj
? Shall/will+ S + v1 + obj
Ex :
- I will write a letter for mymom tonight
- I will not write a letter for mymom tonight
- Will you write a letter for yourmom tonight?
- (saya akan menulis sebuah surat untuk ibuku malam ini)

 Time signal of Future Tense :

- Tomorrow (besok)
- Next month (bulan depan)
- This evening (malam ini)
- Tonight (malam ini, nanti malam)
- Soon (segera)
- As soon as (sesegera)
- In a few hours (dalam beberapa jam)
- If (jika)
- When (ketika)
- While (sambil)
- After (sesudah)
 - Till / until (hingga)

1.2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu akan datang dan sedang berlangsung.

 Verbal :
+ S + shall/will + be + v1 + ing + obj
- S + shall/will + not + be + v1 + ing + obj
? Shall/will + S + be + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- I will be studying English tomorrow at 10:00 am o’clock
- I will not be studying English tomorrow at 10:00 am o’clock
- Will you be studying English tomorrow at 10:00 am o’clock?
- (saya akan sedang belajar bahasa Inggris besok pada pukul 10 pagi)

 Time signal of Future Continuous Tense :

- At 8 o’clock tomorrow (pada jam 8 besok)
- At the same time (pada waktu yang sama)
- At this time tomorrow (pada waktu ini besok)
- By this time tomorrow (pada waktu ini besok)

1.3. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

 Peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu akan datang dan akan telah terjadi.

 Nominal :
+ S + shall/will + have/has + been + comp
- S + shall/will + not + have/has + been + comp
? Shall/will + S + have/has + been + comp
Ex :
- My friend will have been a football referee tomorrow
- My friend will not have been a football referee tomorrow
- Will your friend have been a football referee tomorrow?
- (temanku akan telah menjadi wasit sepakbola besok)

 Verbal :
+ S + shall/will + have/has + v3 + obj
 - S + shall/will + not + have/has + v3 + obj
? Shall/will + S + have/has + v3 + obj
Ex :
- I shall have paid my debt in two weeks
- I shall have paid my debt in two weeks
- Shall you have paid your debt in two weeks?
- (saya akan [janji] telah membayar hutangku dalam dua minggu)

 Time signal of Future Perfect Tense :

- By next week (menjelang pekan depan)
- By Friday (menjelang jumat)
- By the end of this week (menjelang akhir pekan ini)
- In a month (dalam satu bulan)
- In a few minutes (dalam beberapa menit)
- ... when + Present Tense (... ketika + Present Tense)
- ... before + Present Tense (... setelah + Present Tense)

1.4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu akan datang yang telah terjadi dan sedang berlangsung dalam
beberapa saat.

 Verbal :
+ S + shall/will + have been + v1 + ing + obj
- S + shall/will + not + have been + v1 + ing + obj
? Shall/will + S + have been + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- She will have been studying for two hours
- She will not have been studying for two hours
- Will she have been studying for two hours?
- (dia akan belajar selama dua jam)

 Time signal of Future Perfect Continuous Tense :

- For (selama)
- Next (selanjutnya)
- By next semester... for... (menjelang semester berikutnya... selama...)
- By 5 p.m o’clock... for... (menjelang pukul 5 sore... selama...)
- By the end of this week (menjelang akhir pekan ini)
- By the end of 2020 (menjelang akhir tahun 2020)
4.1. PAST FUTURE TENSE
 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang menggambarkan sesuatu yang akan terjadi.
 Nominal :
+ S +should/would + be + comp
- S +should/would + not + be + comp
? Should/would + S + be + comp
Ex :
- He should be in Bangkinang next month
- He should not be in Bangkinang next month
- Should he be in Bangkinang next month?
- (dia seharusnya telah ada di Bangkinang bulan depan)

 Verbal :
+ S + should/would + v1 + obj
- S + should/would + not + v1 + obj
? Should/would + S + v1 + obj
Ex :
- She would come to my house
- She would come to my house
- Would she come to my house?
- (dia akan telah datang ke rumahku)

 Other Example Past Future Tense :

- My father told me that he would pick me up on time
- (ayahku mengatakan kepada saya bahwa dia akan telah menjemputku tepat waktu)
- She promised she would give me a gift by next week
- (dia telah berjanji dia akan telah memberikanku kado menjelang pekan depan)

4.2. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang seolah-olah akan sedang berlangsung.
 Verbal :
+ S + should/would + be + v1 + ing + obj
- S + should/would + not + be + v1 + ing + obj
? Should/would + S + be + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
 - Yesterday, he would be playing guitar with me at 5 o’clock P.M, but he sick
- Yesterday, he would not be playing guitar with me at 5 o’clock P.M, but he sick
- Yesterday, would he be playing guitar with you at 5 o’clock P.M?
- (kemarin, dia akan telah bermain gitar denganku pukul 5 sore, tapi dia sakit)

 Other Example Past Future Continuous Tense :

- I would be singing Indonesian Anthem last monday
- (saya akan telah menyanyikan lagu kebangsaan Indonesia senin kemarin)

4.3. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang seolah-olah akan telah terjadi.

 Nominal :
+ S + should/would + have/has + been + comp
- S + should/would + not + have/has + been + comp
? Should/would + S + have/has + been + comp
Ex:
- I thought, you would have been here at 9 o’clock last night
- I thought, you would not have been here at 9 o’clock last night
- Would you have been here at 9 o’clock last night?
- (saya pikir, kamu akan telah disini pukul 9 tadi malam)

 Verbal :
+ S + should/would + have/has + v3 + obj
- S + should/would + not + have/has + v3 + obj
? Should/would + S + have/has + v3 + obj
Ex:
- Actually I would have picked you at 8 o’clock, but that day was raining
- Actually I would not have picked you at 8 o’clock, but that day was raining
- Actually would you have picked me at 8 o’clock?
- (sebenarnya saya akan telah menjemputmu pukul 8, tapi hari itu hujan)

 Other Example Past Future Tense :

- I should have seen my idol if I had come earlier
- (saya seharusnya telah melihat idolaku jika saya datang lebih awal)
- You would not have succeeded if you had not worked hard
- (kamu belum akan sukses jika kamu tidak bekerja keras)

4.4. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUUOUS TENSE

 Peristiwa pada waktu lampau yang seolah-olah akan telah terjadi dan sedang
berlangsung dalam beberapa saat.

 Verbal :
+ S + should/would + have been + v1 + ing + obj
 - S + should/would + not + have been + v1 + ing + obj
? Should/would + S + have been + v1 + ing + obj
Ex :
- By last Saturday, I should have been studying for two hours
- By last Saturday, I should not have been studying for two hours
- By last Saturday, Should you have been studying for two hours?
- (sabtu yang lalu, saya seharusnya telah sedang belajar selama dua jam)

ABOUT FAMILY

No English Indonesia No English Indonesia

1 Grandparents Kakek/Nenek 45 Lineage Garis silsilah kluarga
2 Grandfather Kakek 46 Ancestor Nenek moyang
3 Grandmother Nenek 47 Tribe Suku/Rumpun
4 Parent Orangtua 48 Clan Keluarga besar
5 Father/Dad Ayah 49 Folks Sanak-saudara
6 Mother/Mom Ibu 50 Close-knit/Related Berhubungan erat
7 Husband Suami 51 Orphan Yatim piatu
8 Wife Istri 52 Mr. Tuan
9 Son Anak lk2 53 Miss Nona
10 Daughter Anak pr 54 Ms. Nona
11 Brother Saudara lk2 55 Mrs. Nyonya
12 Sister Saudara pr 56 Child Anak
13 Grandson Cucu lk2 57 Children Anak-anak
14 Granddaughter Cucu pr 58 Minor Belum dewasa
15 Foster parent Orangtua angkat 59 Adult/Growup Dewasa
16 Foster father Ayah angkat 60 Single Lajang
17 Foster mother Ibu angkat 61 Bachelor Bujangan/Jejaka
18 Foster child Anak angkat 62 Virgin Perawan
19 Twins Kembar 63 Mate/Couple Pasangan
20 Twin brother Saudara kembar lk264 Is Mine Milikku
21 Twin sister Saudara kembar pr65 Boyfriend Pacar lk2
22 Triplets Kembar tiga 66 Girlfriend Pacar pr
23 Gramps Kakek 67 Beloved/Sweetheart Kekasih/kesayangan
24 Granny Nenek 68 Loyalty Kesetiaan
25 Ex husband Mantan suami 69 Engaged Bertunangan
26 Ex wife Mantan istri 70 Engagement Tunangan
27 Uncle Paman 71 Wedding/Marriage Pernikahan
28 Aunt Bibi 72 Married Sudah menikah
29 Nephew Keponakan lk2 73 Bride Pengantin pr
30 Niece Keponakan pr 74 Bridegroom Pengantin lk2
31 Cousin Sepupu 75 Wedlock Ikatan pernikahan
32 Parent-in-law Mertua 76 Spouse Pasangan suami istri
33 Son-in-law Menantu lk2 77 Household Rumah tangga
34 Daughter-in-law Menantu pr 78 Monogamy Istri satu
35 Brother-in-law Saudara ipar lk2 79 Polygamy Istri lebih dr satu
36 Sister-in-law Saudara ipar pr 80 Separation/Divorce Perceraian
37 Stepfather Ayah tiri 81 Friend Teman
38 Stepmother Ibu tiri 82 Bestfriend Teman baik
39 Step child Anak tiri 83 Partner Rekan
40 Stepson Anak tiri lk2
41 Stepdaughter Anak tiri pr
42 Stepbrother Saudara tiri lk2
43 Stepsister Saudara tiri pr
44 Sibling Saudara kandung

PARTS OF BODY

No HEAD No HAND
1 Hair Rambut Armpit Ketiak
2 Mustache Kumis Armpit hair Bulu ketiak
3 Beard Jenggot Upper arm Lengan atas
4 Face Muka Elbow Siku
5 Forehead Dahi/Jidat Wrist Pergelangan tangan
6 Cheek Pipi Forearm Lengan bawah
7 Chin Dagu Palm Telapak tangan
8 Eye, Eyeball Mata, Bola mata Nail Kuku
9 Eyebrow Alis mata Finger Jari
10 Eyelid Kelopak mata 10 Thum Ibu jari
11 Ear Telinga 11 Forefinger Jari telunjuk
12 Nose Hidung 12 Middle finger Jari tengah
13 Lip Bibir 13 Ring finger Jari manis
14 Mouth Mulut 14 Pinkie/Pinky Jari kelingking
15 Tooth Gigi No LEG
16 Tongue Lidah Thigh Paha
Knee Lutut
No BODY Patella Tempurung lutut
1 Neck Leher Calf Betis
2 Throat Tenggorokan Angkle Mata kaki
3 Chest Dada Sole/Arch Telapak kaki
4 Bust/Breast Dada pr Heel Tumit
5 Stomach Perut Toes Jari kaki
6 Shoulder Pundak/Bahu No OTHERS
7 Back Punggung Pore Pori-pori
Skin Kulit
No LOWER BODY Brain Otak
1 Navel Pusar/Pusat Senses Indera
2 Side/Waist Pinggang Blood Darah
3 Hip Pinggul Bone Tulang
4 Ass Bokong Muscle Otot
5 Bottom Pantat Cell Sel
6 Rectum/Anus Dubur Gut/Intestine Usus
7 Genitals Kemaluan 10 Kidney Ginjal
11 Liver Hati
12 Heart Jantung
13 Lungs Paru-
 JOB / PROFESSION
No English Indonesia No English Indonesia
1 Accountant/Auditor Akuntan 50 Journalist/Reporter Wartawan
2 Actor/Actress Aktor/Aktris 51 Judge Hakim
3 Administrator Pengelola/Pengurus52 King, Queen Raja, Ratu
4 Aircraft mechanic Mekanik pesawat 53 Landlord/Lamdlady Induk semang lk2/pr
5 Ambassador Duta besar 54 Lawyer Pengacara
6 Animator` Pembuat animasi 55 Lecturer Dosen
7 Architect Arsitek 56 Lifeguard Penjaga pantai
8 Assistant housekeper Pembantu 57 Manager Pemimpin usaha
9 Astronaut Juru angkasa 58 Masseus/Masseur Tukang pijat
10 Athlete Atlet 59 Master of Ceremonies MC/Pembawa acara
11 Author Pencipta/Penulis 60 Mathematician Ahli matematika
12 Baker Tukang roti 61 Merchant/Trader Pedagang/Saudagar
13 Barber Tukang salon 62 Midwife Bidan
14 Bassist Pemain Bass 63 Miner Buruh tambang
15 Beekeeper Peternak lebah 64 Musician Pemain musik
16 Building inspector Inspektur bangunan65 Nurse Perawat
17 Bus driver Supir bus 66 Office boy Pesuruh kantor
18 Businessman Pengusaha 67 Painter Pelukis
19 Butler Kepala pelayan 68 Pastor Pastur/Pendeta
20 Carpenter Tukang kayu 69 Photographer Fotografer
21 Cashier Kasir 70 Pianist Pemain piano
22 Celebrity Selebriti 71 Pilot Pengemudi pesawat
23 Chef Kepala/Juru Masak72 Police, Soldier Polisi, Tentara
24 Choreographer Perancang tari 73 Politian Politikus
25 Cleaning Service Petugas kebersihan 74 Postman Tukang pos
26 Comedian Pelawak 75 President Presiden
27 Cook Koki/Tukang Masak76 Priest Imam/Kiyai/Pendeta
28 Dancer Penari 77 Prosecutor Jaksa/Penuntut
29 Dentist Dokter gigi 78 Puppeteer Dalang/Tkg wayang
30 Designer Desainer/Perancang79 Receptionist Penerima tamu
31 Detective Detektif 80 Referee Wasit
32 Director Direktur/Pemimpin81 Research Peneliti
33 Driver Supir 82 Sailor Pelaut/Pelayar
34 Doctor Dokter 83 Ship master Nahkoda/Kpl Kapal
35 Drumer Pemain drum 84 Salesman Penjual
36 Editor Tukang edit 85 Scientist Ilmuwan
37 Employee Karyawan/Pegawai86 Secretary Sekretaris
38 Engineer Insinyur 87 Security Satpam
39 Entrepreneur Pengusaha 88 Seller Penjual
40 Farmer Petani 89 Singer Penyanyi
41 Firefighter Pemadam kebakaran90 Steward/stewardess Pramugara/Pramugari
42 Fisherman Nelayan 91 Tailor Penjahit
43 Gardener Tukang kebun 92 Teacher Guru
44 Guitarist Pemain gitar 93 Teller Petugas Bank
45 Hacker Peretas 94 Tour Guide Pemandu wisata
46 Hairdresser Penata rambut 95 Trainer/Coach Pelatih
47 Hatter Penjual kopi 96 Translator Penerjemah
48 Headmaster Kepala sekolah 97 Waiter/Waitress Pelayan lk2/Pr
49 Historian Ahli sejarah 98 Zoo keeper Penjaga kebun bntg

PLACE

No English Indonesia N English Indonesia

o
1 Airport Bandar udara 42 Hospital Rumah sakit
2 Apartment Apartemen 43 Hotel Hotel
3 Aquarium Akuarium 44 House Rumah
4 Auditorium Aula 45 Jail/Prison Penjara
5 Bank Bank 46 Jewelry store Toko perhiasan
6 Bakery Toko roti 47 Lake Danau
7 Bar Tempat minum 48 Library Perpustakaan
8 Barber shop Tempat salon 49 Mall Mall
9 Beach/Coast Pantai 50 Mansion Rumah besar
10 Beauty shop Salon kecantikan 51 Market Pasar
11 Bistro Rumah makan 52 Mosque Masjid
12 Book store Toko buku 53 Motel Motel
13 Boutique Toko Butik 54 Mountain Gunung
14 Bridge Jembatan 55 Museum Museum
15 Bus stop Halthe bus 56 Palace Istana
16 Butcher shop Toko daging 57 Park Taman/Kebun Raya
17 Cafe Kafe/Warung Kopi 58 Pet store Toko hewan
18 Candy shop Toko permen 59 Playground Tempat bermain
19 Canteen Kantin 60 Police station Pos polisi
20 Car dealership Dealer mobil 61 Police office Kantor polisi
21 Castle Istana/Benteng 62 Post office Kantor pos
22 Clinic Balai pengobatan 63 Public toilet Toilet umum
23 Chapel/Church Gereja 64 Resort Tempat bersantai
24 City Kota 65 Restaurant Restoran
25 College Perguruan tinggi/Univ66 School Sekolah
26 Courthouse Gedung pengadilan 67 Sport Arena Arena Olahraga
27 Craft market Pasar kerajinan seni 68 Sport Center Pusat Olahraga
28 Currency Exchange tmpat tukar mata uang69 Stadium Stadion
29 Department store Pusat perbelanjaan 70 Supermarkets Supermarket
30 Dormitory Asrama 71 Swimming pool Kolam renang
31 Drug Str/Pharmacy Apotik/Toko Obat 72 Tailor shop Toko jahit
32 Electronics store Toko elektronik 73 Temple Candi
33 Factory Pabrik 74 Train station Stasiun kereta api
34 Florists Toko bunga 75 Travel agent Agen perjalanan
35 Forest Hutan 76 Tunnel Terowongan
36 Gallery Gedung kesenian 77 University Universitas
37 Game center Pusat permainan 78 Villa Villa
38 Gas station POMpa bensin 79 Village Desa
39 Gift Store Toko kado 80 Workshop Bengkel
40 Grocery store Tk kelontong/Pangan81 Zoo Kebun binatang
41 Gymnasium/Gym Ruang olahraga

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A. CLOSED QUESTIONS (YES or NO)

Example :
- Are you enjoying this movie?
- Is she beautiful?
- Was gabriel fat?
- Do you like soup?
- Have you live at Italy?
- Will you marry me?
- Can you help me?
- May I borrow your book?

 Closed Questions to answer use YES/NO

B. OPEN QUESTIONS

Open Questions consist of :

 Questions Word (Phrases) : what, where, when, which, why, whose, whom, who,
how, how long, how often, how much, etc
 Auxilliary Verb : is, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did, be, been, shall,
should, will, would, may, might, can, could,
 Subject : pronoun (I, you, we, they, he, she, it), noun/place
 Main Verb : play, eat, work, buy, etc

Example :
“ Where do you work? ”
- Questions word (where)
- Auxiliary verb (do)
- Subject (you)
 - Main verb (work)

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. WHAT
What do you want to eat?
What is your mother name?

2. WHERE
Where was he work before?
Where do we go?

3. WHEN
When is your birthday?
When will you marry?

4. WHICH
Which drink did you order?
Which car do we should take?

5. WHY
Why do you love me?
Why are they always late?

6. WHOSE
Whose car is this?
Whose pen are you borrow?

7. WHOM
Whom did you interview yesterday?
Whom did you see?

8. WHO
Who can help me borrow pen?
Who is going with me?

9. HOW
How was your exam?
How long can you stand?
How often do you visit library?
How much money do you have?
How many questions did you answer?
How far is Pekanbaru from Bangkinang?

TENSES

KEYWORDS OF TENSES

2. Tenses is used to form sentence based on time of event

- Present = saat ini, sekarang
- Past = waktu lampau
- Future = waktu akan datang, akan
- Continuous = sedang berlangsung, sedang
- Perfect = telah/baru saja

3. Nominal Type (complement ; adjective, noun, adverb)

Difference of modal auxiliary :
- Present : am/is/are
- Past : was/were
- Perfect : been
- Future : shall/will/should/would + be

4. Verbal Type
All structure sentence at least consist of Subject + verb
- Continuous : tobe (be/am/is/are/was/were/been) + verb1 + ing
- Present : verb1
- Perfect : have/has/had + verb3
- Future : shall/will/should/would + verb1
 TELLING TIME

 Current time is 02:15 PM on Wednesday, June 12, 2019.

 Current time is two hours, fifteen minutes PM on Wednesday, June twelfth, two
thousand and nineteen.
 Current time is quarter past two o’clock at noon on Wednesday, June twelfth, twenty
nineteen.
 (for date use ordinal number besides “date 31”)

Time Pronunciation
02:00 Two o’clock
02:05 Five past two o’clock / Two o five o’clock
02:10 Ten past two o’clock / Two ten o’clok
02:15 Quarter past two o’clock
02:20 Twenty past two o’clock
02:30 Half past two o’clock
02:35 Twenty five to three o’clock
02:40 Twenty to three o’clock
02:45 Quarter to three o’clock / Quarter before three o’clock
02:50 Ten to three o’clock / Two fifty o’clock
03:00 Three o’clock

- AM = Ante Meridiem = before noon = 00:00 – 11:59

- PM = Post Meridiem = after noon = 12:00 – 23:59

ORDINAL NUMBER
Nomor Urut

1st First 21th Twenty first

2nd Second 22nd Twenty second
3rd Third 23rd Twenty third
4th Fourth 24th Twenty fourth
5th Fifth 30th Thirtieth
6th Sixth 31st Thirty first
7th Seventh 32nd Thirty second
8th Eighth 33rd Thirty third
 9th Ninth 40th Fortieth
10th Tenth 41st Forty first
11th Eleventh 43rd Forty third
12th Twelfth 50th Fiftieth
13th Thirteenth 100th One hundredth
20th Twentieth 300th Three hundredth