KEY TERMS:

1. A solution is a homogeneous mixture (made up of two or more substances; solute completely dissolves in
the water).
2. Solute: A substance like salt or sugar that dissolves in the water.
3. Solvent: Usually a liquid, for example, water. If water is the solvent, it is called an aqueous solution.
4. A saturated solution is when the solute can dissolve in the solvent.
5. A supersaturated solution is when you pour the solute into the solvent and the solute doesn't dissolve.
6. An unsaturated solution is when the solute CANNOT dissolve into the solvent.

Step 1: DO NOW: While reading, circle and explain key words, underline important phrases and answer
the question that follows: (3 points)

Base your answer on the information below.

A student uses 200 grams of water at a temperature of 60°C to prepare a saturated solution of potassium
chloride, KCl.

Q1. Identify the solute in this solution. __________________________

Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
In a laboratory investigation, ammonium chloride was dissolved in water. Laboratory procedures and
corresponding observations made by a student during the investigation are shown in the table below.

Identify two types of bonds in the solute. ______________________________

Step 2: While reading, circle and explain key words, underline important phrases and answer the question
that follows: (3 points)

A saturated solution is when the solute can dissolve in the solvent. For example, if you have a bottle of water and
you pour lemonade crystals into the water, and it dissolves, the solution is saturated,

A supersaturated solution is when you pour the solute into the solvent and the solute doesn't dissolve. For example,
if you have cup of iced tea, and you pour sugar into the tea, it is supersaturated when the sugar settles on the
bottom of the glass. If you were to take the ice out of the tea, the sugar could then dissolve.

An unsaturated solution is when the solute CANNOT dissolve into the solvent. For example, if you have a glass
of water, and you pour something like vegetable oil into it, it will not dissolve. So that makes the solution
unsaturated.

Q1. How would you differentiate between saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions in your
own words and by providing your own examples?

SOLUBILITY CURVE is used to determine the mass of

solute in 100g (100 ml) of water at a given temperature.

Definitions:

1. If your point is on the line= It is a saturated

solution (Full cannot hold anymore solute)
2. If your point is below the line= It is an
unsaturated solution (it can hold more solute)
3. If your point is above the line= it is a
supersaturated solution (holding more solute than
it should; therefore it is considered as an unstable
condition
Q5. Which of the following substances is least
soluble in 100g of water at 50°C

1. NaCl 2. KCl 3. NH4Cl 4. HCl

HINT TO ANSWER THE QUESTION

Steps to answer the question:

1.
Locate the point at 50°C for NaCl, KCl,
NH4Cl, and HCl
2.
Least soluble will be the lowest point on
the solubility curve: For example: At 50°C,
40g of NaCl dissolves in water while at
50°C, approximately 42 grams of KCl
dissolves in water.

HCL about 59g is soluble

at 50°C

NH4CL = about 52g is

soluble at 50°C

KCl = about 42g is

soluble at 50°C

NaCl about 38g is soluble

at 50°C

Q6. One hundred grams of water is saturated

with NH4Cl at 50°C. According to Table G, if the
temperature is lowered to 10°C, what is the total
amount of NH4Cl that will precipitate?
_____________

Steps to Answer the above question:

1. Locate point of NH4Cl at 50°C. = 52g

2. Locate point of NH4Cl at 10°C = 35g
3. Total amount of NH4Cl that will
precipitate = 52-35 = 17g