Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Effective and reliable devices increasing system availability and reducing maintenance costs
Volker Hinrichsen, Siemens PTD, Berlin/Germany
5
Abstract
Possible voltages without arresters
Surge arresters protect equipment of trans-
1200
1100
1000
Lightning impulse protection level = 823 kV
Peak value of voltage / kV
900
800
700 Peak value of rated voltage: 475 kV
600
500
400 Peak value of continuous operating voltage: 379 kV
300
Peak value of line-to-earth voltage: 343 kV
200
100 Leakage current: 100 µA Nominal discharge current: 10 kA
0
10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5
References
[1] IEC 60099-4, Edition 1.1, 1998-08
Surge arresters – Part 4: Metal-oxide surge arresters without
gaps for a.c. systems
[2] IEC 60071-1, Seventh edition, 1993-12
Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and
rules
[3] IEC 60071-2, Third edition, 1996-12
Insulation co-ordination – Part 2: Application guide
[4] IEC 60099-5, First edition, 1996-02
Surge arresters – Part 5: Selection and application recom-
mendations
Figure 12: Arrester integrated in a 420-kV-discon-
nector (left) and in a 245-kV-earthing switch (right) [5] Renz, Hinrichsen
(RWE Net, Germany) Quite at Home at –50 °C
EV Report 1/95, pp. 10 – 13
One column of a two-column rotating discon- [6] Mainville, Riffon, Rollin, Hinrichsen
nector has been replaced by a surge arrester, Pressure Relief Tests on Varistors for the Series Compensa-
tion Banks installed at the Montagnais Substation
requiring only a modification of the arrester's IEEE/PES 1993 Summer Meeting, Vancouver/Canada, paper
grading ring. This solution has been realized for 93 SM 385-5 PWRD
Um = 420 kV and 245 kV and is incidentally a [7] IEC 28/139/CDV 2001-02-09
good example of an installation of surge ar- IEC 60071-5: Insulation co-ordination – Part 5: Procedures
resters which has not only been the most eco- for HVDC Converter Stations
nomical but in fact virtually the only possible way [8] CIGRÉ Working Group 33.11 Task Force 03
to solve existing problems with switchgear failure Application of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters to Overhead
Lines
caused by lightning overvoltage phenomena [11]. Électra No. 186, October 1999, pp. 83 - 112
The picture on the right in Figure 12 shows a [9] Tarasiewicz, Rimmer, Morched
similar arrangement of an earthing switch in Transmission Line Arrester Energy, Cost, and Risk of Failure
which the insulator column has been replaced by Analysis for Partially Shielded Transmission Lines
an arrester. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.15, No.3, July
2000, pp. 919 - 924
Conclusion [10] Hinrichsen, Fien, Solbach, Priebe
Surge arresters protect equipment of trans- Metal Oxide Surge Arresters with Composite Hollow Insula-
mission and distribution systems, worth several tors for High-Voltage Systems
magnitudes more than the arresters themselves, CIGRÉ conference Paris 1994, paper 33-203
from the effects of lightning and switching over- [11] Hinrichsen, Göhler, Lipken, Breilmann
Economical Overvoltage Protection by Metal-Oxide Surge
voltages. If properly designed and configured, Arresters Integrated in High-Voltage AIS Disconnectors –
they are extremely reliable devices, offering dec- Substation Integration, Design and Test Experience
ades of service without causing any problems. CIGRÉ conference Paris 2000, paper 33-104