Solutions for Tutorial 2

meters meters 4 m
1. (a) Speed=4 ¿ = =0.0667
minute s 60 s

meters km 10−3
Speed=4 ¿ =4 × =0.24 km/hr
minute hr 1
60

2. Time=2 ns=2× 10−9 s

Distance=5 cm=5 ×10−2 m

Distance 5 ×10−2 7
Speed= = =2.5× 10 m/s
Time 2 ×10−9

3. .

Time (s) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Displacement 0 0.03 0.13 0.3 0.53
(m)
Velocity (m/s) 0 0.15 0.325 0.5 0.6625

change∈Velocity 0.6625
Acceleration, a= = =0.828 m/s 2
elapsed time 0.8
To find change in velocity from 0.6625 m/s for time elapsed of 0.2 sec
Velocity change = a x t = 0.828 x 0.2 = 0.1656 m/s
Velocity at 1 s, = 0.6625+ 0.1656 =0.8281 m/s
Displacement = 0.8281 x 1 =0.8281 m

4. Given. Horizontal speed u = 2 m/s,

Initial vertical speed = 0
s =1089 m, v =?
a= g=9.8 m/s2
We have , v2= u2 + 2as
Considering the euation for the vertical direction
v=√ u2+ 2 as= √ 0+ 2× 9.8 ×1089=146.1 m/s

5. .
 60
20
20 cos
60 20 sin
60
The initial vertical component of velocity is given as,
u y =20 cos 60=10 m/ s
t=1.5 s .
m
a=g=9.81 2
s
Allthe vectors act ∈the same direction
We have , v=u+ at
m
¿ , v y =10+ ( 9,81× 1.5 )=24.72 .
s

m m m
6. .Given , u=15 , v=25 , g=9.81 2
s s s
All vectors act ∈the same downward direction .
¿ find s ?
We have , v 2=u2 +2 as
v 2 −u2 252 −152
¿ , s= = =20.4 m.
2a 2× 9.81

m
7. ¿ the horizontal direction ,u x =30 , s =20 m
s x
s
We have u=
t
s 20
¿ , t= = =0.667 s
u 30
m
¿ the vertical direction , given, u y =0 , t=0.667 s , s y =?
s
1 1
We have s=ut+ at 2=0+ × 9.8 ×0.667 2=2.18 m.
2 2
8. .

40
m 40sin
80 /s 80
40c
os
80
 m
¿ the vertical direction , u y =40 sin 80=39.4
s

m
Given , t=4.2 s , v y =0 , g=−9.81
s2

Here the velocity ,∧acceleration are∈opposite directions , hence the negative sign for g .

1 1
(
We have s=ut + at 2=( 39.4 × 4.2 ) + ×−9.8 × 4.22 =79.04 m.
2 2 )

9. .

φ=17.9
u u sinθ
v = 50
θ v sin φ
u cosθ φ
v cosφ

Starting trajectory Final trajectory

At the final trajectory,

Resolving the velocity into horizontal and vertical components

Along the vertical,.

m
v y =v sinφ=50 sin17.9=15.368
s

Along the vertical , v=u+ at

m
where v =v y =−15.368 , negative since∈the downwards direction .
s

Since, g is also∈the downward direction ,

u=v−at =−15.368 — 9.8 × 5=33.632 m/s

Therefore , inital velocity along vertical , u y =u cos θ=33.632 .

Along the horizontal, there is a constant velocity

u x =u sinθ =v x =v cosφ=50 cos 17.9=47.58 m/s

 m
Therefore, u y =u cos θ=33.632 ∧u x =u sinθ=47.58 m/s
s

m
u= ( u2x +u2y ) =√ ( 33.6322 +47.582 ) =58.266
√ s

uy 33.632
θ=tan −1 =tan −1 =32.25°
ux 47.58

10. Given, on earth, v =0, s = 10 m , g = -9.8 m/s 2 , u = ?

v 2=u2 +2 as

u2=v 2−2 as=0−( 2×−9.8 ×10 )=196

u=√ ( 196 ) = 14 m/s

On Moon, v =0, u =14 m/s, g = -(1/6)*9.8= - 1.633

v 2−u2 −(14)2
s= = =60.01 m
2a 2×−1.633

11.

At 9m, the velocity of the arrow will be =0.

At this point, v=0, a= -9.8 m/s2 , s = 9m, u =?

 50
m/s
50 sin θ

9m

θ
50 cos θ

For the vertical motion,

m
u y =√ ( v 2−2 as )=√ ( 0−( 2×−9.8 ×9 )) =13.29
s

u y =u sinθ=13.29

50 sin θ=13.29

θ=15.415° .

To calculate the time for which the arrow is in the air,

Initial velocity = u sin θ = 13.29

And, a =-9.8 m/s2

1 1
(
s=ut + a t 2=¿ 0= 13.29 ×t− 9.8 t 2
2 2 )
2 x 13.29
t= =2.712 s
9.8

Substituting the t value into the equation for horizontal motion.

s=u cos θ× t=50 cos 15.415 ×2.712=130.722 m

12. .
Draw a distance time graph.
Let time taken for car to reach first meeting point be t.
Then, time taken for lorry to reach the same is given as t-2.
1 1
For the car , distance travelled s=ut + a t 2=0+ 2t 2=t 2
2 2
For the lorry , distance travvled , s=v ×time=25 (t−2 )
Get a table ¿ plot distance versus time .

Time (s) Distance Travelled by car (m) Distance travelled by

lorry(m)
2 4 0
4 16 50
6 36 100
8 64 150
10 100 200
12 144 250
14 196 300
16 256 350
18 324 400
20 400 450
22 484 500
24 576 550
26 676 600
28 784 650

The Distance time graph is given below.

Series 1- Car
And Series 2- Lorry.

900
800
700
600
500
Distance

400
300
200
100
0
0 5 10 Time
15 20 25 30

The graph is a good visualisation, but to obtain exact time values, we equate the two
expressions,
When the car and lorry meet, the distance travelled by each is same.
Therefore, 25 ( t −2 )=t 2 ,
t 2−25 t+50=0
−b ∓ √ b2−4 ac
We have a x 2 +bx +c=0 where , t=
2a
25∓ √ 425 25 ∓ 20.62
t= = =2.192∧22.81 s
2 2
Looking at the graph, we can get similar answers from the intersecting points as ~2 s and
~23 s.

(a). Length of time between two overtaking events,

= 22.81-2.192 =20.618 s

(b) For the car

At the first point of intersection
, t=2.192 , Distance =t2 =4.8 m
At the second point of intersection
t= 22.81s Distance = t2=520.3m
Therefore ∆Distance = 520.3-4.8 = 515.5 m

Similarly, For the lorry,

Time taken between intersecting points = 20.618 m/s
Distance = speed x t = 25 x 20.618 = 515.45m