PBL STUDENT GUIDE

SEMESTER 4

TIM PBL PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

PJMK BLOK KEDOKTERAN TROPIK
 CASES
SECTION

Tema :
Infeksi saluran napas akut

Skenario/Problem

Seorang anak perempuan usia 4 thn datang dengan keluhan sesak dan bunyi nafas ngorok.
Gejala ini dikeluhkan sejak 2 hari yang lalu dan bertambah berat. Sebelumnya anak demam 6
hari disertai nyeri telan, batuk, dan lemah (tidak mau makan). Riwayat imunisasi tidak
diketahui. Riwayat teman sekolah ada yang mengalami hal yang sama.

Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan anak gelisah, cyanosis, nadi 130 x/menit/reg/ckp, RR 42
x/menit, dangkal, suhu 38.50C, pernafasan cuping hidung (+/+), retraksi suprasternal (+),
bullneck (+), stridor inspiratoir (+), pada tonsil didapatkan pseudomembran kelabu luas bila
digores berdarah, dan pada pemeriksaan lain dalam batas normal.

Referensi (learning resources)

1. Buku Ajar Infeksi dan Pediatri Tropis. UKK Infeksi dan Penyakit Tropis IDAI. 2015

2. Feigin RD, Demmler GJ, Cherry JD, Kaplan SL. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious
Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2004.

3. CDC. Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis: Recommendations for vaccine use and
other preventive measures. MMWR 1991;40 (No. RR-10):1–28.

4. CDC. Pertussis vaccination: use of acellular pertussis vaccines among infants and
young children. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization
Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1997;46 (No. RR-7):1–25.

5. CDC. Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adolescents: use of

tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccines.
Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
MMWR 2006;55(No. RR-3):1–34.

6. CDC. Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adults: use of tetanus
toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccines. Recommendations
of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and Recommendation
 of ACIP, supported by the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
(HICPAC), for Use of Tdap Among Health-Care Personnel. MMWR 2006;55(No. RR-
17):1–33.

7. Farizo KM, Strebel PM, Chen RT, Kimbler A, Cleary TJ, Cochi SL. Fatal respiratory
disease due to Corynebacterium diphtheriae: case report and review of guidelines for
management, investigation, and control. Clin Infect Dis 1993;16:59–68.

8. Vitek CR, Wharton M. Diphtheria in the former Soviet Union: reemergence of a

pandemic disease. Emerg Infect Dis 1998;4:539–50.

9. Vitek CR, Wharton M, Diphtheria toxoid. In Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, eds.
Vaccines. 5th ed. China: Saunders, 2008:139–56.
10. Brooks GF, Caroll KC, Butel JS, Morse, SA, Mietzner, TA. 2013. Jawetz, Melnick
&Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology International Edition, Twenty Sixth. ed. McGraw-
Hill Companies, New York
11. Noorhamdani, Sanarto S, Sumarno, Sjoekoer MD, Roekistiningsih, Sri Winarsih, Dwi
Yuni NH, Dewi S, Yuanita M, Dewi E, Siwipeni IR, Bethania SF,.2016. Bakteriologi
Medik. Edisi kedua. Lab. Mikrobiologi FKUB, Malang.