Mesin Konversi

Energi
Teknik Mesin
Universitas Achmad Yani

2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

 Pendahuluan

Minggu Waktu Materi

ke-
1 Mid February (Week 7) Pendahuluan – Turbin Air
2-3 Mid February (Week 8-9) Turbin Uap
4 Early March (Week 10) Turbin Gas
5-7 Mid-Late Mar (Week 11-13) Perhitungan Eff, Power, dll
8 Late Mar (Week 14) UTS
9-10 Early Apr-Mid Apr (Week 15-16) Kompressor
11-13 Mid Apr- Early Jun (Week 17- Mesin Pendingin
19)
14-15 Mid Jun (Week 20-21) Motor Bakar
16 Late Jun (Week 22) UAS
Pendahuluan

Bobot Nilai:

Tugas -> 20%

Presensi -> 5%
UTS -> 35%
UAS -> 40%
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Turbin Air
11 Februari 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Skematik
 Turbin Air
TIPE:
Head
Head
 Turbin Air

HOW?

Beda Beda
Elevasi Kecepatan
Tekanan Power!! (P)
(ΔH) (v)
(Δp)
 Bernoulli Equation

1
𝑝 + 𝜌𝑉 2 + 𝜌𝑔𝐻 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
2
Bernoulli Equation

1 2 1 2
𝑝1 + 𝜌𝑉 1 + 𝜌𝑔𝐻1 = 𝑝2 + 𝜌𝑉 2 + 𝜌𝑔𝐻2
2 2
1 2 1 2
𝜌𝑉 1 + 𝜌𝑔𝐻1 = 𝜌𝑉 2
2 2
1 1
𝜌𝑔𝐻1 = 2 𝜌𝑉 2 2 - 2 𝜌𝑉 21

𝑉 22
𝐻1 = 𝑉2 = 2𝑔𝐻1
2𝑔
Power

𝑃 = 𝑄p
𝑃 = 𝑄𝜌𝑔𝐻
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐴𝜌𝑔𝐻

Tanpa Head?
1 2
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐴 𝜌𝑉
2
1
𝑃 = 𝜌𝐴𝑉 3
2
Other Types
Other Types
Other Types
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Siklus Rankine
18 Februari 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Siklus Rankine
Siklus Rankine

Processes:
1-2 Pompa isentropik
2-3 Boiler Isobarik
3-4 Turbin Isentropik
4-1 Condenser Isobarik
Siklus Rankine
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 − 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
𝜂=
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡

𝑊34 − 𝑊12
=
𝑄23

(ℎ4 − ℎ3) − (ℎ2 − ℎ1)

𝜂=
ℎ3 − ℎ2
Siklus Rankine
Siklus Rankine
Siklus Rankine
Siklus Rankine Organik
(ORC)

Organic Rankine Cycle:

- Low grade heat source
- Dry steam output
- Hermetically sealed
Siklus Rankine Organik
(ORC)
Segitiga Kecepatan
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Siklus Rankine
25 Februari 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Daya Siklus Rankine
Daya Siklus Rankine
Daya Siklus Rankine

𝐹=𝑚𝑎

𝐹 = 𝑚𝑉2 − 𝑚𝑉1

𝐹𝑟 = 𝑚2(𝑟2𝑉𝜃2) − 𝑚1(𝑟1𝑉𝜃1) = 𝑇

𝑊 = 𝑇𝜔

𝑊 = 𝑚2(𝑈2𝑉𝜃2) − 𝑚1(𝑈1𝑉𝜃1)
Daya Siklus Rankine

𝑤 = (𝑈2𝑉𝜃2) − (𝑈1𝑉𝜃1)

𝑤 = 𝑈(𝑉𝜃2 − 𝑉𝜃1)
Continuity Eq.

𝑚1 = 𝑚2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝜌𝐴𝑉 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
Mollier Diagram
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Turbin Gas
03 Maret 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Turbin Gas
Siklus Brayton
Siklus Brayton
Siklus Brayton
Siklus Brayton
Siklus Brayton
Siklus Brayton
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Gas Turbine System
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Daya Efektif
03 Maret 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Tugas
Brayton Cycle
Non-Ideal Brayton Cycle
Non-Ideal Brayton Cycle
Diagram h-s
Efficiency
 Efficiency

Total-to-total efficiency:

If:

Then:
 Diagram h-s
Total-to-Static efficiency:
Mesin Konversi
Energi

Enthalpy
03 Maret 2020

M. Faisal Wicaksono S.T, MSc

Kesetimbangan Energi
𝐸2 − 𝐸1 = 𝑄 − 𝑊

∆𝐾𝐸 + ∆𝑃𝐸 + ∆𝑈 = 𝑄 − 𝑊

1 1
𝑚2𝑉22 − 𝑚1𝑉12 + 𝑚2𝑔𝑧2 − 𝑚1𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑚2𝑢2 − 𝑚1𝑢1 = 𝑄 − 𝑊
2 2

1 2 1
𝑚2 𝑉2 + 𝑔𝑧2 + 𝑢2 − 𝑚1 𝑉12 + 𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑢1 = 𝑄 − 𝑊
2 2

1 2 1
0 = 𝑄 − 𝑊 + 𝑚1 𝑉1 + 𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑢1 − 𝑚2 𝑉22 + 𝑔𝑧2 + 𝑢2
2 2

𝑑𝐸𝐶𝑉 1 1
= 𝑄 − 𝑊 + 𝑚1 𝑉12 + 𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑢1 − 𝑚2 𝑉22 + 𝑔𝑧2 + 𝑢2
𝑑𝑡 2 2
Kesetimbangan Energi
𝑑𝐸𝐶𝑉 1 2 1 2
= 𝑄 − 𝑊 + 𝑚1 𝑉1 + 𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑢1 − 𝑚2 𝑉2 + 𝑔𝑧2 + 𝑢2
𝑑𝑡 2 2
Proses Termodinamika

Cairan

Uap super-panas
Campuran
Proses Termodinamika

Isentropik
Isobarik
Isentropik

Isobarik
Siklus Termodinamika

Isentropik
Isobarik
Isentropik

Isobarik
Siklus Termodinamika