A Drug Study On

EVENING PRIMROSE OIL

In Partial Fulfillment of
The Requirements in NCM 209-RLE

DELIVERY ROOM ROTATION

Submitted to:

Mrs. Ninfa L. Galendez, RN, MAN

Clinical Instructor

Submitted by:

Alexis Khalyl Y. Montejo, St.N.

BSN 2F- Group 1

March 26, 2020

Generic Name Evening Primrose Oil

Brand Name Eveprim

Classification Cardiovascular, Herbals; Food supplement
Mode of Action Cardiovascular Functions: The body will reduce the instances of
prostaglandins being blocked by smoking, dietary errors and lack
of exercise. To maintain a normal healthy cardiovascular system,
prostaglandins are in constant use throughout the body;
rejuvenating cells. EFA and GLA from R & D - EPO are the vital
production of prostaglandins in the human body. High content of
GLA is rapidly metabolized to dihomoγ-linolenic acid (DGLA), and
is also converted to 15-hydroxy-DGLA, which blocks the
transformation of arachidonic acid into inflammatory leukotrienes.
GLA and DGLA help to improve the ratio of inflammatory and
non-inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes. This ensures
that the prostaglandin production remains at peak and
replenishes regularly leading to healthy heart. The addition of
GLA rich R & D - EPO reduces the tendency of the blood to clot
abnormally and effectively reduces cholesterol level. R & D - EPO
assists in blood circulation, high blood pressure, maintains
healthy arteries and ensures healthy cardiovascular functions.
Hormone Balance: Women suffering from premenstrual syndrome
(PMS) have lower levels of GLA possibly due to a defect in the
conversion of linoleic acid to GLA. Regular consumption of R & D
- EPO ensures higher levels of GLA and maintains the hormone
balance. Anti-inflammatory effects in R & D-EPO relieve
rheumatoid pain, breast tenderness, menstrual pain, cramps and
aches associated with PMS by reducing production of interleukin
1 (IL-1) β.

Skin Supplements: R & D - Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) consists

of essential fatty acids (EFA) and γ-linolenic acid (GLA) which is
an omega-6 fatty acid and vitamin E. EFAs is transmitted to the
top layer of the skin and new cells are produced effectively.
Together, both the compounds EFA and γ-linolenic acid (GLA)
help to form special cells that hold onto moisture by reducing
transepidermal water loss and increase the skin’s ability to handle
sunlight. GLA also improves both the structure of the skin cell,
and its functions, which will improve the texture of the skin. Thus,
 it is an effective supplement in firming and enhancing the
tenderness of the skin. R & D - Evening Primrose Oil improves
blood circulation by transmitted into the transepidermal layer of
the skin. Its anti-inflammatory effect can stop inflammation by 2-
16% and promotes healing of wounds, detection and death of
cancer cells. By consuming R & D - EPO regularly, the skin cells
will slowly become ‘plumped’ up with the right fat; also known as
simple moisturizer. As a benefit, R & D - EPO aids in growing
normal skin cell for people who have xerosis.

Route and
- Eczema, Atopic
Dosage
4-6 g PO daily
- Mastalgia
3-4 g PO daily
- Premenstrual Syndrome
2-4 g PO daily
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
540 mg-2.8 g PO daily
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
4 g PO/Intravaginal Insemination daily

Indication - CAD, eczema (atopic), endometriosis, GI disorders,

hypercholesterolemia, intermittent claudication, mastalgia,
menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, premenstrual
syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis
- To Prevent gestational hypertension (pre-eclampsia),
shortening labor, shortening labor, and preventing late
deliveries
- Used as a source of essential fatty acid
Contraindicatio
None reported. Cautions: Bleeding disorders, concomitant
n
anesthesia, schizophrenia, seizure disorder
Side Effects/ - CNS: Headache,
Adverse Side - GI: Indigestion, Nausea, Soft Stools
Effects - Pregnancy complication (risk for postpartum hemorrhage
e.g. placenta previa),
Drug Interaction Drug – Drug
 7-Nitroindazole- the therapeutic efficacy of 7-
Nitroindazole can be decreased when used in combination
with Evening primrose oil.
 Abacavir- Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of
 Evening primrose oil which could result in a higher serum
level.
 Acarbose- Acarbose may decrease the excretion rate of
Evening primrose oil which could result in a higher serum
level.
 Aceclofenac, Acetametcin, Acetaminophen,
Acrivastine, Aclidinium, Acetysalycylic acid- may
decrease the excretion rate of Evening primrose oil which
could result in a higher serum level.
 Acetazolamide- Evening primrose oil may increase the
excretion rate of Acetalozamide which could result in a
lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Nursing 1. Assess vital signs based on status to determine worsening of
Responsibilities the disease and response to therapy;
2. Instruct patient to take drug as ordered;
3. Observe for nausea and vomiting;
4. Take EPO with food or liquid e.g. milk’
5. Do not take if pre-existing conditions such as epilepsy, blood
disorders, or seizures.
6. Evening Primrose Oil ( such as Eveprim) should be have a
nutty smell and taste. Discontinue use if it smells bad or
tastes bitter.
7. Increase oral fluid intake if soft stools is noted.
8. Do not use different formulations of Evening Primrose Oil at
once
9. Stop taking primrose oil if patient is for operation as this may
affect blood clotting and may have a risk for bleeding.
10. Avoid using evening primrose together with other
herbal/health supplements that can also affect blood-clotting.
This includes angelica (duong quai), capsicum, clove,
danshen, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, horse chestnut, panax
ginseng, or turmeric.
Three 1. (n.d.). Retrieved from
References https://www.mims.com/singapore/drug/info/r and d -
evening primrose oil/mechanism-of-action
2. Indication-specific dosing for (evening primrose oil),
frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive
interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation
schedules, and cost information. (2019, Spetember 28).
Retrieved from March 25, 2020, from
https://reference.medscape.com/drug/fever-plant-kings-
cureall-evening-primrose-oil-344484#6.
3. (n.d) Evevning Primrose Uses, Side Effects & Warnings.
(n.d). Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/mtm/evening-
primrose.html