TERM PAPER ON

Organizational Culture of Alin Food Products Limited

Course Title: Organizational Behavior

Course Code: ALD 2202

Submitted By:

Rakeen Ahmed 17251009

Saif Adnan Khan 17251049
Rashidul Hasan 17251045
Ashraful Hoq Shadhin 17251085
Mehedi Hasan Kollol 17251025
Section – A
Dept. of BBA in Marketing
Faculty of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals

Submitted To:

Md. Tanvir Alam Himel

Lecturer

Dept. of BBA in Marketing

Bangladesh University of Professionals
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Letter of Transmittal
4th November, 2018

Md. Tanvir Alam Himel

Lecturer
Dept. of BBA in Marketing
Bangladesh University of Professionals

Subject: Submitting the term paper for the course Organizational Behavior
Dear Sir,
We are submitting our term paper on “A Study on the Organizational Culture of Alin Food
Products Limited” with due gratefulness and admiration. We have tried to implement our academic
experiences in the practical field with due sincerity and would like to thank you for your
cooperation. Despite many limitations we have tried our level best to address the major and in
depth issues in making this paper accurate and reliable. If you have any further enquiry concerning
any additional information we would be very pleased to clarify that.
We have collected as much information as possible from the Alin Food Products Limited. While
working on the report, we have tried to follow each and every guideline that you had advised. It
has been a very enlightening experience to work in this new venture. The authority of AFPL has
also extended their cooperation whenever required. We, therefore, hope that you will be kind
enough to accept this report.
On behalf of the group,

Rashidul Hasan 17251045

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Acknowledgement
At the beginning we would like to convey our cordial gratitude to almighty ALLAH for giving us
the strength to terminate the assigned. We would like to reimburse our profound respect to our
respected supervisor, Md. Tanvir Alam Himel for his generous and gracious guidance.
Though the time was very limited for us to work on such a big Term Paper, but your guidance and
support made our work a lot easier. The knowledge we gathered from this course has been an asset
for all of us from the time we got to prepare our term paper.
We are also grateful to our friends who have provided valuable guidance, suggestions and advice
in collecting information, analyzing and preparing the report.
We are grateful to our beloved seniors for helping us to sort out some complex parts of supply
chain since we are new to this.
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Contents
Letter of Transmittal ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................ 2
Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Objective of the Study .................................................................................................................................. 5
Methodology................................................................................................................................................. 5
Company Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 6
Vision......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Mission ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Objective ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Slogan ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
Organization Hierarchy ................................................................................................................................. 7
Organization Culture Model ......................................................................................................................... 8
Theory Y .................................................................................................................................................... 8
Supportive Model ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Motivation Theory ...................................................................................................................................... 10
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs: ................................................................................................................. 10
Herzberg’s Two Factors model: .............................................................................................................. 11
Leader and Leader Traits............................................................................................................................. 12
Leadership Style .......................................................................................................................................... 13
Behavioral Approaches to Situational Leadership style: ........................................................................ 13
Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership model............................................................................ 13
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 14
References .................................................................................................................................................. 15
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Executive Summary
Organizational Behavior is the identification, analyzing and application of knowledge about how
individuals and groups act in organizations. It interprets people-organization relationships in terms
of the person, group, organization, and whole social system. Objective of it is to build better
relationships by achieving people objectives, organizational objectives, and social objectives. It
encompasses a wide range of areas, such as human behavior, Training and development, change
management, leadership, teams, Group behavior etc.

In the study of organizational behavior is helpful in gaining a complete understanding of the

business. It is not the study of how organizations behave, but rather the study of individual behavior
in an organization. This includes the study of how individuals be have alone as well as in groups.

In Bangladesh different organizations follow different models. Alin Food Products Limited is one
of the emerging organizations in our country. To understand its organizational culture would be to
understand how organizations act in our country at present times.
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Introduction
The main focus of the organizational behavior is to obtain a greater understanding of those factors
which influence individual and group dynamics in an organization. Therefore individuals and the
groups and organizations to which they belong may become more efficient and effective.
Organizational behavior research is ultimately focused at providing human resource management
professionals with the information and techniques which they need to select, train, and retain
employees in a fashion which gives maximum benefit for the individual employee and for the
organization.

Organizational behavior is a modern interdisciplinary field. It draws most heavily from the
psychological and sociological sciences and it also looks to other scientific fields. The
interdisciplinary approach is used because the field of organizational behavior involves multiple
levels of analysis, which are necessary to understand behavior within organizations as people
influence their environment as well as people are influenced by their environment.

Objective of the Study

The objective of the study is –
❖ To understand how organization culture has effect on its employees.
❖ To understand implications of organization culture theories in real-life scenarios.

Methodology
As this research was exploratory in nature, the report has been written based on the primary form
of information. The details of these sources are highlighted below:

Primary Sources: Primary data were the collected data directly from the officials. We have
discussed the aspect of the relative organizational behavior activities to the related executive
official and used their responses as primary data.
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Company Introduction
Alin Food Products Limited is a Foods product based company. They have production plan in
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Bangladesh. Since its origin in 2009, ALIN Foods has grown up in
stature and became the largest fruit and vegetable processor and exporter in Bangladesh. ALIN
procures raw material directly from the farmers and processes through state of the art machinery
at their factory into hygienically packed food and drinks products. The brand “ALIN” has
established itself in every category of food and can boost a product range from Drinks,
Confectionery, Snacks, Spices, Rice, Oil and Bakery products.
The company was the introducer of ethnic dry food in Middle East market especially in Saudi
Arabia. They are exporting products in KSA, Dubai (UAE), Qatar, Oman, Jordan, Bahrain and
Malaysia. They have a very good distribution network in all over the KSA. A number of
professional sales personnel covering all the KSA market to meet and exceed the demands
customers who resided in KSA.

Vision
To become the Preferred Provider of Essential and Value Added Foods for Everyone, Everywhere,
and Every day.

Mission
Alin is committed to provide pure, safe, essential, healthy food products for ensuring a perfect
healthy life of customer. It is dedicated to produce competent world class product with strong sense
of ethical values ready to face the competitive local and foreign markets.

Objective
The objective of AFPL is to maximization the wealth of organization. Developing customer faith
and increasing the loyalty level by full filling the customer demand. Establish the organization as
a worldwide company. Establish the AFPL as a model in the food industry by its goodwill.

Slogan
Taste is different.
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Organization Hierarchy
The following is the organizational hierarchy followed by Alin Food Products Limited.

Figure 1: Hierarchy of Alin Food Products Limited (author’s generated)

At AFPL the hierarchy flows both ways. The board of directors consult with the department heads
before taking any decisions. After taking any decision they let the department heads know through
the COO. The department heads report to the COO and also to previously assigned members of
board of directors.
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Organization Culture Model

Theory Y
Theory Y assumes that people are not inherently lazy. Any appearance they have of being that way
is the result of their experiences with less-enlightened organizations, and if management will
provide the proper environment to release their potential, work will become natural to them.
The top level management believes in their employee’s abilities and thus lets the department heads
work independently. They consult with the mid-level management before taking decisions but
don’t enforce any decision over them.
Also when it comes to the entry level employees such as management trainees, the management
provides them with training and support so that they can get accustomed to organization culture
and feel at home. They don’t try to force the new employees instead they provide them with a
friendly workable environment.

Supportive Model
Supportive behavior is not the kind of approach that requires money. Rather, it is a part of
manager’s lifestyle at work, reflected in the way it deals with other people. The manager’s role is
one of helping employees solve their problems and accomplish their work.
Basis – Leadership
The supportive model depends on leadership instead of power and money. Through leadership,
management provides a climate to help employees grow and accomplish in the interests of the
organization the things of which they are capable.
At AFPL the management believes that the employees are capable and willing to take
responsibility to work for the interest of the organization. So they create an environment where the
employees can work to their full potential.
Managerial Orientation – Support
In this model the managerial orientation is to support their employees so that they can work in an
environment where they can meet their full potential.
Here the top level management supports the mid-level management by consulting with them and
taking their opinion into consideration. The entry level employees are treated with the same
mindset which lets them work to their full potential.
Employee Orientation – Job Performance
As the management provides the employees with a supportive environment where the employees
can work to realize and maximize their abilities, the employee’s job performance is boosted and
they feel more motivated to work. Their performance standard increases.
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As AFPL is a sales based organization the supportive environment leads to increased sales by the
employees.

Employee Psychological Result – Participation

Employees feel that they are contributing something really valuable towards the organization.
They see themselves as a part of the organization.
Employee Needs Met – Status and Recognition
The employees feel strongly motivated to work as their need for status and recognition met. They
see themselves as an important part of the organization whose performance is highly valuable for
the betterment of the organization. Also the management recognizes effort towards the
organization and their appreciation gives the employees a sense of belonging.
Performance Result – Awakened Drives
The employees have awakened drives to perform better for the organization as they now feel one
with the organization itself.
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Motivation Theory
Motivation is the word derived from the word ’motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or
drives within the individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the
goals. In the work goal context the psychological factors stimulating the people’s behavior can be
-

• desire for money

• success
• recognition
• job-satisfaction
• team-work etc.

One of the most important functions of management is to create willingness amongst the
employees to perform in the best of their abilities.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs:

self
actualisation
needs

Esteem and
Status needs
Belonging and
Social needs

Safety and security needs

Physiological needs
Figure 2: Maslow’s Hierarchy (author’s generated)

In Alin Food Product Ltd. They recruit new employees on a temporary basis and give them proper
training. After working and showing up to the mark performance they are hired permanently.
Usually new recruits have to work approximately 1 year to be permanent on their job. The new
recruits are given basic salary and few facilities. After working for 1 to 3 years when their job is
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permanent they get all the job facilities and security. And then after working for more than 5 years
and going to a top level management they get facilities like cars, chance to be a director, decision
making power etc.

So Alin Food Product Ltd give their new employees basic facilities and salary which full fill their
Physiological needs. Then after working for 1-3 years they hired permanently and they get a
secured job, which full fill the second step Safety and security needs. These two are the primary
level of motivation.

For the top level and middle level management they give them Authority and power. They get
better facilities, cars, social status etc. and they get the chance to enhance their self by doing more
challenging works. This includes the other three parts of the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Social
needs, Esteem needs, Self-actualization needs.

Herzberg’s Two Factors model:

In 1959, Frederick Herzberg, a behavioral scientist proposed a two-factor theory or the motivator-
hygiene theory. According to Herzberg, there are some job factors that result in satisfaction while
there are other job factors that prevent dissatisfaction. According to Herzberg, the opposite of
“Satisfaction” is “No satisfaction” and the opposite of “Dissatisfaction” is “No Dissatisfaction”.
Herzberg’s classified these factors in two categories:
1. Hygiene Factors: Hygiene factors are those job factors which are essential for existence of
motivation at workplace. These do not lead to positive satisfaction for long-term. But if these
factors are absent / if these factors are non-existent at workplace, then they lead to dissatisfaction.
In other words, hygiene factors are those factors which when adequate/reasonable in a job, pacify
the employees and do not make them dissatisfied.
Alin Food Products Ltd gives their employees Hygiene factors like:

• Appropriate salary
• Flexible administrative policy
• Safe, clean and hygienic working place
• Job security
• Appropriate relationship with sub ordinates, superiors
2. Motivational factors: The hygiene factors cannot be regarded as motivators. The motivational
factors yield positive satisfaction. These factors are inherent to work. These factors motivate the
employees for a superior performance. These factors are called satisfiers. These are factors
involved in performing the job. Employees find these factors intrinsically rewarding. The
motivators symbolized the psychological needs that were perceived as an additional benefit.
Alin Food Products Ltd. Gives their employees Motivational Factors like:
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• The employees are praised and recognized for their accomplishments by the managers.
• The employees have a sense of achievement
• There are growth and advancement opportunities to motivate the employees to perform
well.
• Managers minimize control but retain accountability.
• Managers give employees interesting and meaningful works.

Leader and Leader Traits

Mr. Omar Farooque, Chairman& Managing Director of Alin Group, is a Charismatic Business
Entrepreneur, who is intellectually & heavily involved in promoting Trade and Business beyond
domestic borders, and successful in Organizing Different Business globally. Mr. Farooque, being
brought–up of a Royal Noakhali Family, he is always very affectionate in developing new products
and introducing them in sustainable markets. After attaining many hardships & tedious difficulties,
now he has successfully placed Alin Group (Alin Food Products Ltd) and AFT (Alin Foods
Trade) in a steady pace, which has already achieved many Appreciation and Acceptance among
different communities. Hard-work, honesty and vision have made him a dynamic Entrepreneur &
Business body in Bangladesh. On his leadership, Alin Foods Traders Won the National Export
Trophy for 2012-13, he has also become the Commercially Important Person (CIP)-2013 declared
by the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh’s Commerce Ministry. Not only in
Bangladesh, but also in KSA, Alin Food Products Ltd. is the director Investor. Setting its
benchmark, Alin Group was the introducer of Ethnic dry food all over the Arabian Peninsula or
Middle–East and now around the World. He has also set up his offices globally, Jeddah, Riyadh,
Dammam, Qatar and Kualalampur. He also leads the business community in Bangladesh and
abroad, he is the member of Saudi Chamber of Commerce, Active Member Bhairab Chamber of
Commerce, Kisshoreganj. President, and Saudi-Bangladesh Investor Forum (K.S.A). Active
Member – Bangladesh Agro Food Processing Association. Active Member – Bangladesh
Vegetables & Fruits Association. He is the father of three son and One Daughter; all of them are
involved with Business.
Some of the traits of Leader:
• Charismatic
• Intellectual and Participative
• Creative
• Honest
• Cognitive ability
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Leadership Style
Behavioral Approaches to Situational Leadership style:
Behavioral approaches represents a combination of philosophy, skills, affection, and attributes that
are exhibited in a leader’s behavior towards their employees.
Consultative Leader: Consultative leader is a type of leader that approaches his employees for
suggestions and solutions to various problems and situation while making his decision.
Here in Alin Food Products Limited the management uses the knowledge they gained from
employees regarding any kinds of situation that needs decision making by approaching their
employees directly regarding that matter which also makes them feel more useful.

Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership model

Figure 3: Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership model (adapted)

Our selected Organization Alin Foods follows Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership
model. In the 1970s Hershey and Blanchard specified and further developed the concept of
situational leadership. In their situational leadership model they indicated that the effectiveness of
the leadership style is dependent on the situation:
1. Selling: This strategy is used for the entry level employees such as management trainees. As
the entry level employees are mostly inexperienced and lacks willingness to work so they need
proper training to be able to do their work and for that reason high direction and high support
is required for the employees.
2. Telling: Telling is the type of strategy which is required for employees who lack skills but has
high willingness to work for the Organization. So a few after the management trainees start
their work and despite not having sufficient skill but have willingness to work, the telling
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strategy is used where the leader gives them directions but not as much as support as they were
given before.
3. Delegating: This strategy is used for lower level or operational level of management
employees such as executive managers or operations managers. Here employees are capable
enough to do work without any directions but are not completely willing work so low
directiveness and high supportiveness is shown in order to get the job done.
4. Participating: This strategy is used for mid-level management such as Admin &HR,
Marketing Accounting, Civil service, Purchase, finance, Export, Commercial departments.
Here employees are both highly capable and willing to work so not much of direction is
required here which is why leaders use the participating strategy. As these employees are self-
driven and capable of working, low directiveness and high supportiveness is what the leader
provides.

Conclusion
The organizational culture found in Alin Food Products Limited is found to be fairly good. From
our research we have learned that this particular organization views its employees as a part of itself
and gives them a sense of belonging. Which ultimately results in high job performance and positive
overall organization performance.
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References
1. Welcome To - Alin Food Products Ltd. (n.d.). Retrieved November 3, 2018, from
http://www.alinfoods.com/
2. Newstrom, J. W. (2011). Organizational behavior: Human behavior at work. Boston: McGraw-Hill
Irwin.
3. Importance of Organization Behaviour in Modern Business. (n.d.). Retrieved November 3, 2018,
from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/business/importance-of-organization-behaviour-in-
todays-context-business-essay.php