Technical Manual 

Functions of Dispensing Closures 
• Consumer Convenience 
• Aesthetic Differentiation 
• Functional Value 

Attachment to the Bottle 
Threaded: 
™ Industry Standards 
™ Orientation 
™ Closure/Bottle Gap Definition 
™ Defining Closure Sizes 
™ Application Torque 
™ Sealing System 
Snap‐On: 
¾ Common Uses of Snap‐On Closures 
¾ Features of Snap‐On Closures 
¾ Critical Dimensions 
¾ Common Concerns 

Closure Styles 
Snap Top 
ƒ Features of Snap Top Closures 
ƒ Lift Force 
ƒ Styles of Snap Top Closures 
Disc Top 
) Features of Disc Top Closures 
) Styles of Disc Top Closures 
) Disc Top Closure Seal 
) Opening Force / Actuation 
SimpliSqueeze 
 Features of SimpliSqueeze 
 How Does the Valve Work? 
 SimpliSqueeze Closure Sealing System 
 Total Package Testing Requirements 

Bi‐Injected 
™ Features of Bi‐Injected Closures 
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Functions of Dispensing Closures Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

Consumer Convenience

First and foremost, dispensing closures provide consumer convenience. PRINT

Bi-Injected SimpliSqueeze® Disc Top®

Tube Top® Directional Spouts Snap Top®

In a fast-paced world, consumers have very little time to waste. They need what they need when they need
it and where they want it.

Dispensing closures help consumers put a wide range of products where they want it fast and clean.
Controlled dispensing lets them easily get just their preferred amount of product.

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Aesthetic Differentiation Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1
Dispensing closures can be designed with unique appearances that help our customers stand out on
busy store shelves and catch the eyes of consumers using different shapes and colors. PRINT
The Small and Large Horizon™ Bi-O and the 2" Horizon™ Tube Top® utilize bi-injection
technology which allow marketers to use 2 colors in the closure to add an extra visual
accent to the rest of the package.

There are 4 sizes of Disc Top® and a 2" Tube Top® included in the Satin™ line of
closures. Each closure includes a finger recess area that is made of a TPE material that
has soft feel to it when consumers touch it. The TPE can be a second color to coordinate
with the rest of the package or marketers can use it as a way to easily differentiate
between SKU's within a single brand. It's easy to spot on the shelf and feels nice to the
touch.

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Functional Value Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1
Dispensing Closures can also be designed with function in mind. Certain product applications are
finicky and need to be dispensed in unique ways in order to truly add functional convenience for PRINT
consumers.
The 28mm SimpliDrink™ closure offers the beverage industry a no-drip, no-leak, no-spill
alternative to single serve beverages.

The elongated spout inside the 33-400 Directional Pour Spout™ and the Tab Top® offers
pinpoint dispensing accuracy and clean cut-off for extra sticky products.

The SimpliDrink™ Spout adds functional value to pouch packaging. The spout is shaped like
a straw to make it easy for kids to drink out of without having to puncture the pouch to insert
one. We all know where that leads…a big mess. The spout also has a valve inside to prevent
drips and spills in case the pouch is dropped or knocked over.

Other performance requirements are often (but not always) achieved by separate systems. This
offers better dispensing control and performance in comparison with non-dispensing caps.

z Dispense product only when the closure is open

z Allow easy opening and leak-free resealing
z Stay closed to prevent leaks, drips and messes
z Seal to the bottle

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Threaded Closures Standard Measurements Page 1 of 1
Go To INDEX

The CMA (Closure Manufactures Association) and the SPI (Society of Plastics Industry) have created industry
standards for measuring critical dimensions concerning the relationships between closures and bottles.
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An example of a Bottle Neck Finish is shown above on the left.

An example of a Closure Neck Finish is shown above on the right.

"T" = Thread Crest Diameter

"E" = Thread Root Diameter
"H" = Clearance Height Required for Proper Closure Function
"S2" = Distance from the land, or top, of the bottle to the underside of the thread profile at the point of desired
orientation (could vary case to case)

"S" = Height from Top of Neck Finish to the Start of One Complete Thread (not an industry standard, but commonly
used)

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Threaded Closures Standard Measurements Page 1 of 1
Go To INDEX
What is Orientation and why is it important?
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Orientation refers to how the front of the closure lines up with a specific position on the bottle. Many companies
want the front of the closure to line up with the center of the front label on the bottle to make the overall package more
visually appealing to consumers at the point of purchase on the store shelves.

Example of closure oriented to the front of a bottle.

Ensuring Correct Closure to Bottle Orientation

To ensure that the closure to bottle orientation is correct, the "S2" dimensional measurement is critical.

The "S2" dimension is the distance from the bottle land, or top of bottle neck, to the underside of the thread profile at
the point of desired orientation.

For example, our customer wants the front of the closure to orient with the center of the package label on the front
panel of the bottle. We need to do the following:

If customer is building a bottle to a stock closure

1. Define what the "S2" dimension of the closure is (let's say .187")
2. Tell the bottle manufacturer that the "S2" dimension (or the distance from the bottle land, or top of bottle neck, to
the underside of the thread profile at the point that aligns with the center of the front of the bottle panel) needs to
measure .187"

If customer is building a custom closure to an existing bottle

1. Define what the "S2" dimension of the bottle (or the distance from the bottle land, or top of bottle neck, to the
underside of the thread profile at the point that aligns with the center of the front of the bottle panel) - Let's say it's .187"
2. Tell the closure manufacturer that the "S2" dimension of the closure needs to be .187"

In either case, if both the closure manufacturer and the bottle manufacturer make the "S2" dimension the same,
the front of the closures should orient to the point on the bottle that the customer wanted it (in our example,
the center of the front panel of the bottle).

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Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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Closure Sizes Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

You see them everywhere, but what exactly do all of those numbers mean?
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Let's take a common closure size. 24-415

* "24" = the nominal thread size (or the diameter across the closure beginning and ending
with the outermost point of the thread) in millimeters

o Usually the customer prefers the largest diameter possible to allow larger
fill tubes on the filling line, which allows them to fill faster and be more
cost efficient.

* "415" = height of the closure in millimeters, per the SPI standard for heights and
thread turns

o The SPI (Society of Plastics) and the CMA (Closure Manufactures Association)
have established standard closure heights and thread turns that, when followed, the
proper amount of thread engagement will occur.

* For a closure with a height of 400, there should be 1.5 turns on the threads

* For a closure with a height of 410, there should be 2.5 turns on the threads

* For a closure with a height of 415, there should be 3 turns on the threads

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Go To INDEX Page 1 of 2
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Sealing to the Bottle
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Crab Claw Seal PRINT

Named for its shape, the Crab Claw is a thin flexible seal, which compresses against the top sealing surface, or the
land, of the bottle during normal capping operation, much like a gasket or a liner. This feature prevents leakage and is
considered a universal seal, since it will seal a variety of bottles. It does require a bottle land, which is flat and free of
scratches, gouges and pitting. The Crab Claw seal requires “significant” compression; therefore it is best suited to be
used with threaded closures.

V Seal

A small non-flexible ring in the shape of a “V” makes contact with the container finish on the sealing surface (land)
area. This type of seal is most commonly used with tubes. The V-Seal requires compression for the seal to be
effective, therefore it is best suited to be used with threaded closures.

Plug Seal

The Plug Seal fits into the bottle neck and seals against the inside diameter of the container. For the seal to be
effective, the sealing surfaces of the closure and the container must be within specific inside dimensional tolerances
and surface quality. Plug Seals can be used with threaded closures, but are seen on almost all snap-on style closures.
Flat Land Seal Go To INDEX Page 2 of 2

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The Flat Land Seal consists of a flat surface on the inside of the closure. The flat surface of the closure makes contact
with the sealing surface (land) of the container. Flat Seals are generally used with closures that are supplied with a
liner. The bottle land must be free of nicks, scratches and gouges for the seal to be effective. A Flat Seal requires
significant compression; therefore it is best suited to be used with threaded closures.

Liner

z Liners are placed and retained in a closure, then induction sealed onto a bottle on the filling line

z Different liner materials are available, which are used depending on the bottle material, closure style, and
product formula.

z Different liner removal features are also available:

1. Round cut

2. Tri-Tab

3. Pull-Tab

4. Top-Tab

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Snap-on Closures are often used when the skirt of the closure is contoured or when another feature prohibits
the consumer from rotating the closure to take it on and off easily. Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1
Examples of snap-on closures that are used because of rotation obstacles are shown below.

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25mm SimpliSqueeze

24mm and 26mm Oval Snap Tops

Snap-on closures may also be used to assist in orientation.

Capping machines on filling lines can simply snap a closure right on to a tube or bottle where it is already
oriented to a specific point on the container without worrying about thread dimensions and configurations.

Snap-on closures are used for orientation purposes mainly for Tube Tops. For example, Seaquist Closures' Satin Tube
Top is shown below.

2" Satin Tube Top

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%>

Features of Snap-on Closures

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Retention Bead – The retention bead is an extra piece of plastic that
is molded onto the inside of the collar of the closure that fits over the
bottle neck. The bead snaps over a bead that is molded onto the bottle PRINT
neck. The friction between these two beads creates the system that
forces the closure to stay on the bottle.

Full Bead – The retention bead on the closure's collar is uniform all 360 degrees around the collar.

Example of a full bead snap-on closure (Unilever's Vaseline Intensive Care Lotion)

Segmented Bead – The retention bead on the closure's collar in segmented or separated evenly around the
collar.

Example of a segmented bead snap-on closure (Seaquist Closures' 26mm Oval Snap Top)

Collar – The closure's collar fits around the outside of the bottle's neck.

Full Collar – The collar is uniform and in one piece.

Example of a full collar snap-on closure (Seaquist Closures' 26mm Oval Snap Top) Page 2 of 2
Go To INDEX

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Split Collar – The collar is split into two pieces (usually to accommodate the shape of the closure because
there is not enough room to fit an entire full collar within the closure).

Example of a split collar snap-on closure (Seaquist Closures 25mm SimpliSqueeze closure)

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Go To INDEX
Critical Dimensions of Snap-on Closures Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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"T" may be called the "Bead Collar ID"

"E" may be called "Bead Diameter

"T" and "E" determine the level of interference, just as in threaded closures.

"I" = the inner diameter of the bottle

"I" determines the engagement with the Plug Seal on the closure

"H" determines the height clearance between the closure and the bottle

"H2" determines the amount of gap between the closure and the bottle

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 Go To INDEX
Page 1 of 2
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Common Concerns with Snap-on Closures

Vertical Play = Amount of "slop" (or gap) there is between the bottle
and the closure. The "H" dimension on the closure and the bottle neck
finish should match to reduce the amount of slop. If the "H" dimension
on the closure in higher than the "H" dimension on the bottle neck, slop
will occur.

Lots of Slop

Minimal slop

Orientation = Typically the closure shape determines what the orientation

of the closure will be. Many oval closures will be snap-on to easily orient
and apply the closure to the bottle.

Snap-on closure oriented on a bottle

Retention on Package is determined by the amount of interference between

the "T" dimension and the "E" dimension on the bottle and the closure.
 Go To INDEX Page 2 of 2

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The closer that the "T" and "E" dimensions are to one another on the bottle and
closure, the higher the retention force will be between them and the more difficult
it will be to remove the closure from the bottle.

The Sealing System that can be used for snap-on closures is limited to
only a Plug Seal.

Plug Seal

The Plug Seal fits into the bottle neck and seals against the inside diameter of
the container. For the seal to be effective, the sealing surfaces of the closure
and the container must be within specific inside dimensional tolerances and surface
quality. Plug Seals can be used with threaded closures, but are seen on almost all
snap-on style closures.

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Features of Snap Top Closures Go To INDEX Page 1 of 2
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Body - The part of the closure that screws or snaps over the container's neck finish.

Cover - The closure's cover protects the orifice from damage and contamination. The
cover is integrated with a "spud", which is a small piece of plastic that seals the orifice
to prevent product leakage when the closure is closed.

Hinge - Part of the closure that attaches the lid/cover to the body of the closure. There
are a few different types of hinges. For example, strap, butterfly, dual axis, biased and
non-biased. Each performs differently and has different strengths and weaknesses.

- Butterfly hinge = Type of protrusionless hinge. It has a tight profile that does
not extend past the closure body. Protrusionless hinges are more aesthetically
appealing than strap hinges and are easier on capping equipment, not causing
as much wear and tear on the capping chucks. Butterfly hinges differ from dual
axis hinges in that they only have one pivot point and dual axis hinges have two
potential pivot points.

- Dual Axis Hinge = Type of protrusionless hinge. It has a tight profile that does
not extend past the closure body. Protrusionless hinges are more aesthetically
appealing than strap hinges and are easier on capping equipment, not causing
as much wear and tear on the capping chucks. Dual axis hinges differ from
butterfly hinges in that they have two potential pivot points and butterfly hinges
only have one.
- Strap Hinge = Go To INDEX Page 2 of 2

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- Biased (Living) Hinge = Type of hinge that has a tendency to stay wide open or
closed. Biased hinges were created to keep the lid/cover out of the way of the
product being dispensed when the closure is open.

Non-biased (Floppy) Hinge = Type of hinge that does not have a tendency to
stay in a wide open position without interfering with the product being dispensed
unless consumer holds the lid/cover back themselves.

Orifice - Area where the product is dispensed from when the lid/cover is opened. Orifices
come in different size diameters depending on the closure style and size.

Deck - The part of the closure that contains the orifice. The deck also provides
bracing against side impact to the closure to minimize damage to the lid and hinge.
The deck allows "latch beads" to be attached to the closure between the deck and
the cover to help control the lift, or opening force.

Finger Recess - A slight indent in the plastic at the front of the closure is designed for
consumers to place their finger or thumb and get better leverage to lift the lid/cover and
open the closure.

Lift Tab - A small piece of plastic on the closure's cover that protrudes slightly past the
closure's body over the finger recess that allows consumers to open the closure more
easily in conjunction with the finger recess.

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Creating Lift for Snap Top® Closures Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1
Spud and Orifice

The spud is located inside the inside of the closure's lid/cover. Its primary function is to
seal the orifice when the closure is closed. PRINT

Collar Seal

The collar fits around the outside of the orifice to seal and create lift. The amount of lift force that the Snap
Top closure has is determined by how tight the collar is around the orifice.

A Collar Seal:
* Is used when a spud is not desired
* Is used on larger diameter closures to help properly close the hinge which ensures that the lid is aligned
properly on the body of the closure
* Provides better cleanliness for sticky product applications

Deck Latch Bead

A deck latch bead controls the lift by molding a small "bead" of plastic on the inside of the lid's lift tab that
fits into a small groove in the body's finger recess area near the deck surface. The amount of force that it
takes to lift the bead out and around the groove determines the lift force.
Styles of Snap Top closures that Seaquist Closures manufactures:
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SimpliSqueeze Snap Tops

* High gloss surface finish
* Domed Lid
* Thinner thread profile reduces sink
* Silicone valve is inserted for superior dispensing control and cleanliness

Smooth Wall Snap Tops

* High gloss surface finish
* Domed Lid
* Extra tall available (requires special H finish)
* Thinner thread profile reduces sink

Ribbed Snap Tops

* Ribbed Wall finish

Frost Snap Tops

* Matte finish for sleek, soft appearance

Pour Spouts
* Low profile (height is always 400)
* Off-center orifice placement reduces mess on the deck for stringy and runny product applications
* Extended spout to help consumers direct the product flow
Directional Spouts (Tab Top, RediSpread, Directional Pour Spouts & Snap Tops) Page 2 of 2
* Super extended spout helps consumers pinpoint Go To INDEX

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Smooth Wall Tube Tops

* Smaller Neck Finishes designed to fit tubes
* Designed with double wall for cosmetics
* High gloss finish

Ribbed Tube Tops

* Smaller Neck Finishes designed to fit tubes
* Designed with double wall for cosmetics
* Ribbed wall finish

Frost Tube Tops

* Smaller Neck Finishes designed to fit tubes
* Designed with double wall for cosmetics
* Matte finish for soft, sleek appearance

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Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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Styles of Disc Top® Closures that Seaquist Closures manufactures:
Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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Smooth Wall Disc Tops

* High gloss surface finish

Ribbed Disc Tops

* Ribbed Wall finish

Frost Disc Tops

* Matte finish for sleek, soft appearance

Satin Disc Tops

* Bi-injected actuator
* TPE finger recess adds soft touch opening
* 2 colors accent total package
* Finger recess color can be used to differentiate between SKUs within a single
brand

Smooth Wall & Frost Disc Top® Tube Closures

* Double wall with smaller neck finish for tubes
* Also available in larger neck finishes for tottles and bottles
* Larger diameter than standard Disc Tops for easier package inversion

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Sealing a Disc Top® Closure Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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There are 2 types of seals in each Disc Top closure:

Spud Seal - The spud on the actuator seals on the inside of the Body Tube when the closures is closed which
prevents product from leaking out of the closure when it's closed.

Collar Seal - The Body Tube collar seals the Body Tube when the closure is open. The collar discourages
any product from flowing back into the space above the closure's deck and below the actuator.

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Opening Force Go To INDEX Page 1 of 1

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Go To INDEX

Actuation Rib - This piece of plastic creates friction against the body of the closure, causing opening force.
The bigger the actuation rib, the greater the friction becomes, and the higher the opening force (or actuation)
will turn out to be.

Ship Post - A one-time feature that breaks away under impact. The ship post allows for a higher initial
opening force until the post breaks, which prevents "pre-actuation" during shipping.

NOTE: The initial opening force / actuation with the ship post intact and the opening force after the initial
opening will be different because the ship post was broken.

You should review your needs and expectations in regards to opening force with your Customer Service
Account Administrator to ensure a successful product shipment.

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Features of Bi-injected Closures NEXT PAGE

Bi-injected closures are created by injecting two different materials (usually TPE and polypropylene), or two
different colors of polypropylene into the same mold to create a single-piece closure.
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Currently, Seaquist Closures offers two lines of stock bi-injected closures.

Satin™

LOOK.
Our new Satin line is a multi-sensational concept in closures! They're available in
several shapes and sizes and are offered in a rainbow of custom colors that will
compliment your brand's image. And Satin's unique two-tone appearance will
enhance shelf impact to make customers take a second look.

TOUCH.
It's easy to put your finger on why consumers love our new Satin closures. The soft
and comfortable feeling of the closure's finger recess makes them a pleasure to use.

CREATE...Shapes & Sizes.

Satin makes an open and shut case for elegance with closures in nearly every shape
and size -- to fit nearly every bottle and tube. And, just as important, every one of
out dispensing caps is as functional as it is beautiful.

INFINITE POSSIBILITIES.
With Satin closures you can use two-tone custom colors to unite products within a
particular brand. Or you can use them to differentiate SKU's within an individual
product line. Either way, they'll make your products get noticed like never before.

Look & Touch. Create with Infinite Possibilities.

Horizon™

A New Line of Infinite Choices.

Introducing the newest closure innovation from Seaquist Closures. By combining bi-injection technology
with elegant design, our Horizon™ line of closures offers endless possibilities for your brand.

* Infinite two-color combinations

* Soft rounded edges for a sleek, modern look
* Larger, more ergonomic finger recess for easy opening
* Also available in one color
 Go To INDEX Page 2 of 2
2" Horizon™ Tube Top®
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With the Horizon™ Tube Top®, you have a new opportunity to build your brand and strengthen the identity
of your product line.

* Endless color choices help identify individual products within your brand
* Group product lines together to create a compelling shelf presence
* Standard 22-400 neck finish for stock tottles and tubes

Small & Large Horizon™ Bi-O

With Horizon's two Bi-O Snap Top® sizes, you can maintain a consistent identity for your product across
multiple sizes or multiple products within your brand.

* Sleek, rounded lid

* Great for upright and inverted packages
* 20mm snap-on neck finish
* Ideal size for many personal product applications

Color is a Powerful Marketing Tool

With Horizon™, you can sell your product's unique

identity -- elegant, innovative, young, trendy, classic,
or state-of-the-art -- by combining Horizon's
innovative design with the colors that create your
total product packaging image.

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