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ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature Description
ZTE LTE FDD Handover Feature Description
Handover
Feature Description
Handover Feature Description
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1
5 Glossary .................................................................................................................... 36
FIGURES
1 Introduction
This document describes the connection mode management functions within the
eNodeB in LTE network.
2 Function Description
In LTE system, RRC-connection mobility management is realized by cell handover
strategy for the reason of UE mobility; the load balancing can adjust the traffic
distribution among the cells to reduce the traffic of high-load cell. During the handover,
the service continuity should be guaranteed and the service Qos should be satisfied.
Based on the different characteristics of cell frequency and access technologies before
and after the handover, the cell handover strategy can be divided into intra-frequency
handover, inter-frequency handover and inter-RAT handover.
This document mainly introduces the ZTE eNodeB mobility management in RRC
connection state by adopting cell handover strategy.
Based on the different characteristics of cell frequency before and after the handover,
the cell handover strategy can be divided into:
4 Redirection strategy
6 Handover to UTRAN
7 Handover to GERAN
8 CS fallback to GERAN/UTRAN
Handover strategy includes measurement control and event report. Handover include
measurement, handover decision and handover execution. Measurement is the
prerequisite for handover, and handover decision is the core and the handover
execution is the procedure realizing the handover.
Intra-Freq handover means the UE in connected state performs handover between the
neighbor cells with the same frequency in E-UTRAN. Intra-Freq handover algorithm is
based on the measurement including Intra-Freq measurement control and Intra-Freq
measurement report handling. Intra-Freq measurement control involves the
establishment, modification, and release of Intra-Freq measurement. For related details,
please refer to Section 3.1.1. The Intra-Freq measurement report handling means that
when eNB receives the Intra-Freq measurement report from UE, the eNB performs Intra-
Freq handover judgment according to the specific measurement report and other related
information. byReportQuan controls the Intra-Freq measurement quantity that triggers
the report. For related details, please refer to Section 3.2.
The UE wireless ability is optional for handover to some target system/neighbor cell. As
long as UE supports the target system/frequency, it can support redirection to target
system/frequency. Therefore, in this mobility management algorithm based on coverage,
if the Intra-Freq measurement report from CEU (Cell Edge UE) shows that the signal
quality of the serving cell is deteriorating, and if the UE wireless ability or network don’t
LTE voice handover to GERAN PS domain is PS HO and the prerequisite is the GERAN
cell supports VoIP ( OMC field ucGERANNBRcellVoIPFlg is configured). The data PS
service, PS HO is performed to GERAN (OMC field byDtmsupport indirectly reflects the
PS HO capability of target GERAN); LTE voice service can be handover to GERAN CS
domain, that is, SRVCC handover to GERAN. When the UE with voice and data
services is handover to GERAN, the data service is handover to PS domain and the
voice service is switched by SRVCC, that is, DTM HO. Handover to GERAN has another
CCO process. During CCO process, the air interface command can carry the SIB
information of the target cell to reduce the access latency. Currently, SRVCC is not
supported. For more details, please refer to Section 3.5.1.
3 Technical Description
3.1.1.1 Event A1
Event A1 means serving cell quality becomes better than threshold. When receiving
Event A1, eNB shall stop the Inter-Freq measurement the UE is conducting. If the
measurement gap is activated, the measurement gap should be deactivated.
The UE shall:
When the following leaving condition is fulfilled, UE shall not report A1 event any more to
eNB:
Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Ms is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Its corresponding OMC parameter is
byHysterisis. Hys is expressed in dB;
Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event, and it is expressed in the same unit as
Ms.
An increasing Thresh will reduce the triggering probability of A1 event and vice versa. If
Hys is increased, the probability of entering Event A1 will be decreased. Once the Event
A1 entering condition is satisfied, even if the quality of the serving cell is very bad, it still
meets the Event A1 entering condition because it is very difficult to meet the Event A1
leaving condition. If Hys is decreased otherwise, the probability of leaving Event A1 will
be increased and once the Event A1 entering condition is satisfied, even if the quality of
the serving cell deteriorates slightly, it will meet the Event A1 leaving condition because
it is very easy to get triggered.
Event A1 supports event-triggered periodical reporting. That is, when UE detects that
the signal quality falls in the reporting range of Event A1, the UE shall begin to report
Event A1 periodically (OMC parameter is byRptIntvl) until the reporting criteria is not
fulfilled any longer or the allowed maximal number of reporting times has been reached
(OMC parameter is byRptAmt ).
3.1.1.2 Event A2
Event A2 means the signal quality of the serving cell becomes worse than a predefined
threshold. When receiving Event A2, eNB shall start UE Inter-Freq measurement or start
UE inter-Rat measurement. If the measurement gap needs to be activated, eNB
activates the measurement gap.
The UE shall:
Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Ms is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Its corresponding OMC parameter is
byHysterisis. Hys is expressed in dB;
Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event, and it is in the same unit as Ms..
If Thresh is increased, the triggering probability of Event A2 will be increased And vice
versa. If Hys is increased, the probability of Event A2 triggering will be decreased. Once
Event A2 reporting range is satisfied, even if the measured quality of the serving cell
becomes better, it will still meet the Event A2 reporting condition because it becomes
more difficult to meet the leaving condition of Event A2 reporting. Otherwise, the
probability of Event A2 triggering will be increased, and at the same time once the Event
A2 reporting range is satisfied, even if the measurement quality of the serving cell
improves slightly, it shall meet the Event A2 leaving condition because it is easier to
leave Event A2 reporting.
Event A2 supports event-triggered periodical reporting. That is, when UE detects that
the signal quality falls in the reporting range of Event A2, the UE shall begin to report
Event A2 periodically (OMC parameter is byRptIntvl) until the reporting criteria is not
fulfilled any longer or the allowed maximal number of reporting times has been reached
(OMC parameter is byRptAmt).
Event A2 in this algorithm is used for starting the Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement and
redirection judgment. eNB shall configure for each UE one of the two versions of Event
A2 at certain moment. Once receiving Event A2, eNB starts corresponding procedures.
For more details, please refer to Section 3.1.4 and 3.4.
3.1.1.3 Event A3
Event A3 means neighboring cell quality becomes a predefined offset better than
serving cell. When receiving Event A3, eNB shall start the coverage-based Intra-Freq or
Inter-Freq handover decision.
The UE shall:
Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Mn is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Ofn is the frequency specific offset of neighboring cell (equals Ofs for Intra-Freq
measurements and is included in measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the Inter-Freq as
offsetFreq for interfrequency measurements). Its corresponding OMC parameter is
abyOffsetFreq,and it is expressed in dB;
Ocn is the cell specific offset of neighboring cell. (included in measObjectEUTRA of the
serving frequency as parameter cellIndividualOffset, Its corresponding OMC parameter
is byCellIndivOffset). It is expressed in dB;
Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Ms is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Ofs is the frequency specific offset of the serving cell (i.e offsetFreq within
measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the serving frequency). It is expressed in dB;
Ocs is the cell specific offset of the serving cell (included in measObjectEUTRA of the
serving frequency as parameterbyCellIndivOffset, Its corresponding OMC parameter is
byCellIndivOffset). It is expressed in dB;
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Its corresponding OMC parameter is
byHysteresis, and Hys is expressed in dB;
Off is the offset parameter for this event, Its corresponding OMC parameter is byA3offset.
It is expressed in dB;
The configuration of Hys is similar to Hys in Event A1 and Event A2 in terms of its
influence on Event triggering, and Off is similar to Thresh in Event A1 in terms of its
influence on Event triggering. But Off is a relative threshold, rather than an absolute
threshold, it serves to compare the difference between neighboring cell and serving cell
qualities.
Event A3 supports event-triggered periodical reporting. That is, when UE detects that
the signal quality falls in the reporting range of Event A3, the UE shall begin to report
Event A3 periodically (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptIntvl) until the reporting
criteria is not fulfilled any longer or the allowed maximal number of reporting times has
been reached (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptAmt).
3.1.1.4 Event A4
The UE shall:
Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Mn is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the neighboring cell (equals Ofs for Intra-Freq
measurements and is included in measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the Inter-Freq as
offsetFreq for interfrequency measurements). Its corresponding OMC parameter is,and it
is expressed in dB;
Ocn is the cell specific offset of neighboring cell. (Included in measObjectEUTRA of the
neighboring frequency as parameter cellIndividualOffset). It is expressed in dB;
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Its corresponding OMC parameter is
byHysteresis, and Hys is expressed in dB;
Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event, it is expressed in the same unit as Mn.
The configuration of Hys is similar to Hys in Event A1 and Event A2 in terms of its
influence on Event triggering, and the configuration of Thresh is similar to Thresh in
Event A1 in terms of its influence on Event triggering.
Event A4 supports event-triggered periodical reporting. That is, when UE detects that
the signal quality falls in the reporting range of Event A4, the UE shall begin to report
Event A4 periodically (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptIntvl) until the reporting
criteria is not fulfilled any longer or the allowed maximal number of reporting times has
been reached (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptAmt).
3.1.1.5 Event A5
Event A5 means serving cell becomes worse than threshold 1 and neighboring cell
becomes better than threshold 2. When receiving Event A5, eNB may trigger coverage
based Intra-Freq or Inter-Freq handover.
The UE shall:
Apply inequality A5-1 and equation A5-2, both have to be fulfilled, as the entering
condition for this event
Apply inequality A5-3 and equation A5-4, at least one of the two has to be fulfilled, as
the leaving condition for this event
Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Mn is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the neighboring cell(equals Ofs for Intra-Freq
measurements and is included in measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the Inter-Freq as
offsetFreq for interfrequency measurements). Its corresponding OMC parameter is
abyOffsetFreq, and it is expressed in dB;
Ocn is the cell specific offset of neighboring cell. (included in measObjectEUTRA of the
neighboring frequency as parameterbyCellIndivOffset). It is expressed in dB;
Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any cell
individual offset. Mn is expressed in dBm in case of RSRP, or in dB in case of RSRQ.
Ofs is the frequency specific offset of the serving cell (i.e offsetFreq within
measObjectEUTRA corresponding to the serving frequency). Its corresponding OMC
parameter is,and is expressed in dB;
Ocs is the cell specific offset of the serving cell (included in measObjectEUTRA of the
serving frequency as parameter Cell Individual Offset. It is expressed in dB;
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event. Its corresponding OMC parameter is
IntraF Hysteresis ,and Hys is expressed in dB;
Thresh1 is the threshold 1 in Event A5, and it is expressed in the same unit as Ms.
Thresh2 is the threshold 2 in Event A5, and it is expressed in the same unit as Mn.
The configuration of Hys is similar to Hys in Event A1 and Event A2 in terms of its
influence on Event triggering. If Thresh1is set too high and Thresh2 is set too low, the
probability of Event A5 reporting will be increased. Otherwise, if Thresh1 is set too low
and Thresh2 is set too high, the probability of Event A5 reporting will be decreased.
Event A5 supports event-triggered periodical reporting. That is, when UE detects that
the signal quality falls in the reporting range of Event A5, the UE shall begin to report
Event A5 periodically (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptIntvl) until the reporting
criteria is not fulfilled any longer or the allowed maximal number of reporting times has
been reached (Its corresponding OMC parameter is byRptAmt).
To avoid the event misreport due to the radio quality fluctuation, the event shall be
reported only when the signal quality of the cell to be evaluated meets the report range
or threshold and the reporting condition must be met for a certain time period. The time-
to-trigger mechanism is applied to intra- and Inter-Freq measurement (Its corresponding
OMC parameter is byTrigTime). Take Event A1 as an example, UE can only report
Event A1 when serving cell meets the reporting condition and the cell quality meets the
reporting condition for the time period byTrigTime.
3.1.2.1 Event B1
Event B1 means inter RAT neighbor becomes better than threshold. When receiving
Event B1, eNB may trigger coverage based inter RAT handover.
The UE shall:
Mn is the measurement result of the inter-RAT neighbour cell, not taking into account
any offsets. For CDMA 2000 measurement result, pilotStrength is divided by -2.
Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the frequency of the inter-RAT neighbour cell (i.e.
offsetFreq as defined within the measObject corresponding to the frequency of the
neighbour inter-RAT cell).
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within
reportConfigInterRAT for this event).
Thresh is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. b1-Threshold as defined within
reportConfigInterRAT for this event). For CDMA2000, b1-Threshold is divided by -2. Its
corresponding OMC parameter is byRscpSysNbrTrd or byEcNoSysNbrTrd for UTRAN,
byRatSysNbrTrd for GERAN
3.1.2.2 Event B2
Event B2 means serving becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbor
becomes better than threshold2. When receiving Event B2, eNB may trigger coverage
based inter RAT handover.
The UE shall:
Apply inequality B2-1 and equation B2-2, both have to be fulfilled, as the entering
condition for this event
Apply inequality B2-3 and equation B2-4, at least one of the two has to be fulfilled, as
the leaving condition for this event
Ms is the measurement result of the serving cell, not taking into account any offsets.
Mn is the measurement result of the inter-RAT neighbor cell, not taking into account any
offsets. For CDMA2000 measurement result, pilotStrength is divided by -2.
Ofn is the frequency specific offset of the frequency of the inter-RAT neighbor cell (i.e.
offsetFreq as defined within the measObject corresponding to the frequency of the inter-
RAT neighbor cell).
Hys is the hysteresis parameter for this event (i.e. hysteresis as defined within
reportConfigInterRAT for this event).
Thresh1 is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. b2-Threshold1 as defined within
reportConfigInterRAT for this event).
Thresh2 is the threshold parameter for this event (i.e. b2-Threshold2 as defined within
reportConfigInterRAT for this event). For CDMA2000, b2-Threshold2 is divided by -2.
Fn = (1 − a ) ⋅ Fn −1 + a ⋅ M n
Where:
Fn is the updated filter measurement result, that is used for evaluation of reporting
criteria or for measurement reporting;
2 But UE radio capability or network does not support handover to the neighbouring
cell;
In the condition that Intra-Freq measurement has been activated, the Intra-Freq
measurement may be modified on the following occasions:
2 If Event A2 measurement has not been activated and there are Inter-Freq
neighboring cells, Event A2 measurement configuration can be sent to the UE;
− If Event A2 for redirection has been sent and eNB modifies Event A2 threshold
into Event A2 threshold for starting Inter-Freq/ Inter-RAT measurement;
When the UE moves to RRC_IDLE state, the UE shall release all the Intra-Freq
measurements automatically without any message notification.
The eNB shall deactivate the Inter-Freq measurement after Event A1 reporting or when
UE moves to RRC_IDLE state. For the latter case, the Inter-Freq measurement can be
released automatically without any notification to the UE.
at service establishment, if there exist inter-RAT adjacent cells, eNodeB shall send
Event A1/A2 to the UE. The later measurement establishment, modification and release
all aim at Inter-RAT measurement Events except Event A1/A2. Inter-RAT measurement
report events are mainly Event B1 and Event B2. For detailed description, please see
the relevant Section 3.1.2.2.
The eNB shall deactivate the Inter-RAT measurement after Event A1 reporting or when
UE moves to RRC_IDLE state. For the latter case, the Inter-RAT measurement can be
released automatically without any notification to the UE.
The current protocol defines two MGRPs: 40ms and 80ms. Both are applicable for the
Inter-Freq and inter-RAT measurements.
The measurement gap is the time period used for Inter-Freq and inter-RAT
meansurment performed by UEs in RRC_CONNECTED state. During this time period,
both the UL and DL data transmission are interrupted. The measurement gap is based
on the time in DL subframes, so the number of interrupted UL subframes is dependent
on the TA value sent by eNB and received by UE. As illustrated in figure 1, TA value is
not zero under the conditon that FDD has propagation delay and #2 to #8 UL
subframes are interrupted. As illustrated in figure 2, the TA value is zero when FDD ‘s
propagation delay is zero. The red subframes do not overlap with the DL measurement
gaps, so they are not interrupted. When not condsidering TA value, #8 subframe can
always be interrupted. For FDD, the DL measurememt gaps fix to 6 subframes and 7
subframes for the UL measurement gaps.
subframe
Transmission
DL #0 DL #1 DL #2 DL #3 DL #4 DL #5 DL #6 DL #7 DL #8 DL #9 DL #0
at eNB
DL measurement gap
Propagation delay
Reception
DL #0 DL #1 DL #2 DL #3 DL #4 DL #5 DL #6 DL #7 DL #8 DL #9 DL #0
at UE
DL measurement gap
DL/UL offset by TA
Transmission
UL #0 UL #1 UL #2 UL #3 UL #4 UL #5 UL #6 UL #7 UL #8 UL #9 UL #0 UL #1
at UE
UL measurement gap
Propagation delay
Reception
UL #0 UL #1 UL #2 UL #3 UL #4 UL #5 UL #6 UL #7 UL #8 UL #9 UL #0 UL #1
at eNB
UL measurement gap
subframe
Transmission
DL #0 DL #1 DL #2 DL #3 DL #4 DL #5 DL #6 DL #7 DL #8 DL #9 DL #0
at eNB
DL measurement gap
Reception
DL #0 DL #1 DL #2 DL #3 DL #4 DL #5 DL #6 DL #7 DL #8 DL #9 DL #0
at UE
DL measurement gap
Transmission
UL #0 UL #1 UL #2 UL #3 UL #4 UL #5 UL #6 UL #7 UL #8 UL #9 UL #0 UL #1
at UE
UL measurement gap ?
Reception
UL #0 UL #1 UL #2 UL #3 UL #4 UL #5 UL #6 UL #7 UL #8 UL #9 UL #0 UL #1
at eNB
UL measurement gap ?
1 Intra-Freq measurement and inter-RAT measurement are both turned off (Event A1
triggering or measurement gap activation conditions are not fulfilled any longer)
Gapoffset configuration aims to activate the gaps as soon as possible. This allows UE to
start measurement in the nearest possible MGRP, which enables UE to obtain as many
measurement results as possible before the handover decision.
For the UE configured with DRX, the measurement gap is not needed when the so-
called Opportunity-for-DRX is available for Inter-Freq or inter-RAT measurement, during
which UE is sleeping. Due to the uncertanty of this time period because of the variable
DRX cycles, short DRX cycles and retransmissions, the nubmer of availble subframes
for measurement can be less than 6. Taking the worst cases into consideration, the
measurement gap is configured with all kinds of DRX cycles to make sure the normal
performance of measurement. According to the specifications, there is information
element to indicate whether measurement gap is needed in the UE radio capability
section. Measurement gap shall not be configured unless the UE radio capability shows
that UE can perform the corresponding Inter-Freq or inter-RAT measurement without
gap. Otherwise, it is necessary to configure measurement gap, even for the case where
Opportunity-for-DRX is available.
If the DRX is configured, the gapoffset configuration is to avoid the conflict between the
measurement gap period and the On-Duration period in DRX. Meanwhile, 7 subframes
are reserved as default for measurement gap.
If the first cell in the measurement report cell list is the inter-eNodeB cell, the
procedure is as follows:
1. Initiate handover preparation to the eNodeB, and move to the next step if handover
preparation is success. Jump to Step 3 if receiving HANDOVER PREPARATION
FAILURE.
2. Execute Intra-RAT handover. Handover to the target cell and move to the next step
after the handover complete.
3. The procedure ends.
The Inter-Freq measurement used for Inter-Freq handover decision is controlled through
A1 and A2 events reporting. Inter-Freq handover decision is triggered by A3/A5 event.
The event ID and threshold of A3/A5 event used for Inter-Freq handover decision can be
different from those of A3/A5 event used for Intra-Freq handover decision.
When the load balancing is switched on, and the cell load balancing parameter is higher
than the threshold, the load balancing among the same coverage cells or overlapped
inter-frequency cells shall be triggered, that is, the UEs with low priority shall be
handover to the neighboring cells with low load so that the traffic of high load cell can be
handover to the neighboring cell with low load to achieve the load balancing without user
release. For the detailed judgment and UE selection flow, please refer to ZTE LTE Load
Management Feature Description V2.1 CHS.doc.
Load balancing result indicates the UEs to be handovered and target handover cell list.
By the OMC field ucLBMaxHOCell, the maximum cell number which UE attempts to
access can be configured. eNodeB judges whether the cell list number is larger than the
ucLBMaxHOCell. If yes, the first ucLBMaxHOCell cells are regarded as the target cells.
Otherwise, the target handover cell list remains unchanged. The UE attempts to
handover to all the cells in the cell list until the handover is successful and UE receives
Handover Command. If all the attempts fail, the load balancing is regarded as failure and
wait for the next load balancing.
The handover from LTE to GERAN can be divided into PS HO, SRVCC, and CCO.
When adopting CCO procedure, eNB needs to configure OMC parameter bySwitchNacc
indicating whether the target GERAN cell supports NACC or not. If the target GERAN
cell supports NACC, the eNB can obtain the system information of the target GERAN
cell via RIM procedure, shortening delay from CCO to target GERAN cell.
After eNB has received measurement report Event B1/B2 from UE for LTE/GERAN
handover judgement, eNodeB shall decides the handover methods. The following
factors are considered:
Whether UE has services of QCI=1; Whether target GERAN cell supports VoIP
( configured by OMC field ucGERANNBRcellVoIPFlg); whether target GERAN cell
supports PS HO (configured by OMC field byDtmsupport); whether UE supports CCO or
not.
UE has services of QCI=1 and the target GERAN cell does not support VoIP. UE and
MME support SRVCC.
Considering the above factors, ZTE eNodeB will initiates different handover methods to
UE and tries to minimize handover latency and reduce the handover influence on the
services.
The measurement switch for UTRAN handover is controlled by Event A1/A2 reporting.
Handover judgement is triggered by Event B1/B2. UTRAN measurement quantity is
RSCP or Ec/No, corresponding to OMC parameters byRscpSysNbrTrd and
After eNodeB has received measurement report Event B1/B2 from UE for LTE/UTRAN
handover judgment, eNodeB shall decides the handover methods. The following factors
are considered:
Whether UE has services of QCI=1; Whether target UTRAN cell supports VoIP
( configured by OMC field ucUTRANNBRcellVoIPFlg); whether target UTRAN cell
supports PS HO (configured by OMC field ucUTRANNBRcellPSHOFlg).
UE has services of QCI=1 and the target UTRAN cell does not support VoIP. UE and
MME support SRVCC.
Considering the above factors, ZTE eNodeB will initiates different handover methods to
UE and tries to minimize handover latency and reduce the handover influence on the
services.
3.6 Redirection
For mobility management application scenarios which are based on coverage, PS HO or
CCO is preferred if supported by UE and network because PH HO and CCO have better
performance in time delay than redirection. If PS HO and CCO are not supported by UE
radio capacity or the network, redirection is considered (configured by OMC parameter
byRd4Coverage).
According to the above description, when eNB decides to use redirection based on
coverage, UE should be at the edge of serving cell. At this moment, if UE supports the
measurement on system and frequency band of target neighboring cell in the connected
state, UE must be able to handover to that neighboring cell according to protocols. So if
UE can’t perform handover, UE can’t perform Inter-Freq/inter-RAT measurement of that
neighboring cell while connected, either. Accordingly, eNB can’t configure UE for A3/A5
measurement event which is used for Inter-Freq handover judgment. eNB can’t
configure UE for B1/B2 measurement event which is used for inter-RAT handover
judgment, either.
But eNB can configure UE for Intra-Freq measurement Event A2 and uses relevant
report to decide whether UE is at the edge of serving cell(the OMC parameter is
wOpenRedMeasCfg,which is Redirection Measurement Configuration Index). In this
algorithm, Event A2 is called the Event A2 for redirection judgment. The threshold
setting for Event A2 in this version is different from that for Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT
measurement in Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT system handover. Since Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT
handover priority is higher than redirection, the Event A2threshold for redirection
judgment is lower than Event A2 threshold for Inter-Freq/ Inter-RAT measurement. In
another word, when the signal quality of serving cell begins to deteriorate, the Inter-
Freq/Inter-RAT measurement will be activated first. Only when the signal quality of the
serving cell is bad to a certain degree, Event A2 for redirection judgment shall be
activated.
At any moment, eNB only configures one version of Event A2 for UE to perform intra-
Freq measurement. When UE radio capacity, network capacity, neighboring cell
configuration only satisfy one of the two Event A2 versions, eNB configures UE for the
corresponding Event A2 measurement. Event A2 report of UE shall trigger eNB to
proceed with relevant actions.
When UE radio capacity, network capacity, neighbor cell configuration can satisfy both
two versions of Event A2, Event A2 Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement will be first
configured and issued. When eNB receives Event A2 reported by UE, measurement
event for Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT handover judgment will be activated. Meantime, Event A2
threshold will be modified to the Event A2 threshold for redirection judgment and Event
A1 will be issued to terminate Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement. After these, if UE
reports measurement events for Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT handover judgment, eNB shall be
triggered to perform, handover judgment; if UE reports measurement event Event A2
for redirection judgment, eNB shall be triggered to perform redirection judgment; if UE
reports Event A1 for terminating Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement, eNB shall be
triggered to terminate the Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement of UE and adjusts Event
A2 threshold to the Event A2 threshold for starting Inter-Freq/Inter-RAT measurement.
The Event A2 threshold for redirection judgment can be based on the redirection
activating parameter which is preset in the OMC database. The activating threshold can
be based on RSRP, RSRQ of serving cell or on both at the same time. Specific choice is
differentiated through the selecting of different redirection measurement configuration.
After eNB starts redirection judgment, the target system and frequency band for
redirection need to be chosen for UE. After the target system and frequency band are
determined by eNB, relevant information is sent to UE through RRC connection release
signaling. The target system is decided first and then the target frequency band of this
system will be decided. For flexible selection of the target system, the OMC database
field abyRdRATPriority can indicate the priorities of different target systems. For serving
cells with neighbor cells, the redirection system priority needs to be configured for the
system and frequency band of each neighboring cell. When there are multiple
candidates target systems, the target with higher priority will be chosen.
After determining the target system according to redirection priority of each system, if the
target system in neighboring cell has only one frequency band, then this band will be
chosen as the target frequency band. If the target system in neighboring cell has more
than one frequency band, the frequency band of the neighbor cell which has the same
coverage with the serving cell or includes the serving cell will be first selected. This will
guarantee the reliability of redirection. If there is no such neighboring cell, because there
is no neighboring cell measurement available for target frequency band judgment, a
random frequency band will chosen as the target frequency band for redirection.
The present version supports blind CS Fallback only. It requires LTE and neighboring
GERAN/UTRAN cells are the same coverage or overlapped. When GERAN and UTRAN
neighboring cells exist at the same time, the CS fallback to GERAN or UTRAN can be
decided by configuring OMC parameter ucTarRATforCSFB.
PS HO, CCO (target GERAN cell) or redirection can be used for CS Fallback, and the
corresponding latency increases progressively, so ranking is necessary based on UE
and target cell capabilities when selecting the target cells. The cells supporting PS HO
are ranked first,
After the ranking, the eNodeB shall initiate the corresponding CS Fallback to the target
cell according to the first cell capability.
4.1.2.7 A3 Offset
Parameter name A3 Offset
Abbreviated name byA3offset
Range of event A3 threshold is actual value, equaling to half of
Description value in protocol 36.331
Range and Step float (-15, …, 15) step 0.5 unit dB
Unit dB
Default Value 3
4.1.2.10 Hysteresis
Parameter name Hysteresis
Abbreviated name byHysterisis
This parameter indicates the hysteresis used for judging
Description
event.
Range and Step float (0, …, 15) step 0.5
Unit dB
Default Value 0
Unit N/A
Default Value 3
Unit N/A
Default Value 2
5 Glossary
1xRRT CDMA2000 1x Radio Transmission Technology
CS Circuit-Switched
DL Downlink
ID Identity
PS HO Packet-switched handover
TA Timing Advance
TA Tracking Area
UE User Equipment
UL Uplink