Food security as a concept originated only in the mid-1970s, in the discussions of international food

problems at a time of global food crisis. The initial focus of attention was primarily on food supply
problems - of assuring the availability and to some degree the price stability of basic foodstuffs at
the international and national level. That supply-side, international and institutional set of concerns
reflected the changing organization of the global food economy that had precipitated the crisis. A
process of international negotiation followed, leading to the World Food Conference of 1974, and a
new set of institutional arrangements covering information, resources for promoting food security
and forums for dialogue on policy issues1

The 1996 World Food Summit adopted a still more complex definition:

“Food security, at the individual, household, national, regional and global levels [is achieved] when
all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to
meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”2

This definition is again refined in The State of Food Insecurity 2001:

“Food security [is] a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and
economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and healthy life”3

This chart (adapted from Smith, 1998) shows the different channels through
which trade (and other macroeconomic factors) can influence food security.
Domestic production and imports determine domestic , or national, availability
(component 1 of our definition). Economic growth that generates inclusive
employment and income opportunities is crucial for access to food (component
2). Government revenues can be used to implement policies and investments
supporting several different aspects of food security, such as agricultural R&D
(components 1 and 4) and basic health services and water and sanitation systems
(component 3). What counts most for development in the end, though, is all of
these policies’ impacts at the individual level (labeled “nutrition security”, which
is somewhat different from “food security”).

1
 ODI. 1997. Global hunger and food security after the World Food Summit. ODI Briefing Paper 1997
(1) February. London: Overseas Development Institute
2
 FAO. 1996. Rome Declaration on World Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of Action.
World Food Summit 13-17 November 1996. Rome
3
FAO. 2002. The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2001. Rome.
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4
http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/food-security-whats-trade-got-do-it-part-i
Food security is a prerequisite for human existence. The basic need for the survival of human being
is food. Food is the most crucial part of ones life even in its mother’s womb one need energy to
evolve, similarly said by a great persons initial part of ones life is to work and then get some food but
even for working he needs food. So the first stage for survival is to consume energy ie. Food. So for
providing that initial energy an economy should be food secured. The concept of food security is
originated in post democratic or independence period where the