ASEPSIS

MEDICAL SURGICAL
-Principle of Following the Sterile Technique:
Tier I Tier II Sterile in sterile
AKA AKA transmission based prec Sterile is unsterile if touched with
Standard latter
precautio Waist down, table, out if sight(back)
ns unsterile
When When applicable: when client is infected Prolonged exposure to airborn
applicable micro=unsterile(prepping sterile
: field)
When in Fld flows by gravity (forceps down)
contact Moisture
with body Skin cannot be sterilized
tissues Edges (1in are unsterile)
and fld
HH and Airborne Droplet Contact
PPE dissemination of either Large particle droplet involves skin-to-skin
airborne droplet nuclei >5micron contact and physical
(5micronorless) Siptheria, pertussis, transfer
measles,varicella,tb mumps
(-) air pres rum Travel 3 feet or less Private rm or cohort if DON PPE REMOVE PPE
6-12changes per -wear a mask none
minute -private rm if none No sharing of utensils Gown Gloves
Keep room door closed cohort equip Mask Goggles
Wear N95 respirator -if no cohort, 3 feet Gloves Goggles Gown
distance Gloves Mask
-mask pt wen
transported

SP: HH, PPE,(Gloves, gown, goggles, Mask)

Standard precautions apply to all patients regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status. Standard
precautions must be used in the handling of:
• blood (including dried blood)
• all other body fluids/substances (except sweat), regardless of whether they contain visible blood
• non-intact skin
• mucous membranes.
Standard precautions consist of the following practices:
• hand hygiene before and after all patient contact
• the use of personal protective equipment, which may include gloves, impermeable gowns, plastic aprons, masks,
face shields and eye protection
• the safe use and disposal of sharps
• the use of aseptic “non-touch” technique for all invasive procedures, including appropriate use of skin
disinfectants
• reprocessing of reusable instruments and equipment
• routine environmental cleaning
• waste management
• respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
• appropriate handling of linen.
Standard precautions are the minimum infection prevention and control practices that must be used at all times for all
patients in all situations.
Transmission-based precautions (TBPs) are used in addition to standard precautions when standard precautions alone
may be insufficient to prevent transmission of infection. TBPs are used for patients known or suspected to be infected or
colonised with epidemiologically important or highly transmissible pathogens that can transmit or cause infection.

TBPs are not required for patients with bloodborne viruses, such as HIV, hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus.

The type of TBPs applied is based upon the mode of transmission of the pathogen. For diseases that have multiple
routes of transmission, more than one TBP category is applied. The following are the routes of transmission.
• airborne transmission, e.g., pulmonary tuberculosis, chickenpox, measles
• droplet transmission, e.g., influenza, pertussis (whooping cough), rubella
• contact transmission (direct or indirect), e.g., viral gastroenteritis, Clostridium difficile, MRSA, scabies

Infection Route of transmission

control
measure Airborne Droplet Contact

Gloves As per As per For all manual contact with

standard standard patient, associated devices and
precautions precautions immediate environmental
surfaces

Impermeable As per As per When healthcare worker's

apron/gown standard standard clothing is in substantial
precautions precautions contact with the patient, items
in contact with the patient, and
their immediate environment

P2 Respirator Yes Not Not required

required
Refer to
AS/NZS 1715
for additional
information

Mask No (P2 Yes As per standard precautions

(surgical- respirator)
style)

Refer to AS
4381:2015 for
additional
information

Goggles/face As per As per As per standard precautions

shields standard standard
precautions precautions
Infection Route of transmission
control
measure Airborne Droplet Contact

Standard No Yes or Yes or cohort patients with

single room (negative cohort same infection
with own pressure patients
ensuite ventilation with same
required) infection
Door closed

Negative Essential Not Not required

pressure required
ventilation
room