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Introduction

 Belt Conveyors are traction type conveyors and a powerful material

Module 3: 
handling tool
Belt conveyor can be more economical than railways and

DESIGN OF BELT
automotive transport over a distance of 25km and even 100km
when the tonnage to be hauled amounts to 25 millions tons per year
Conveyors are generally classified as either
CONVEYOR SYSTEM


 Unit Load Conveyors: designed to handle specific uniform units such as

cartons
CO 1:DESIGN MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEMS SUCH AS HOISTING
 Process Conveyors : designed to handle loose product such as sand,
MECHANISM OF EOT CRANE, BELT CONVEYORS. grave

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Major Components of Conveyor •

 Driving traction element i.e. Long Continuous belt
Requirements of Conveyer Belt
 • Idlers or rollers held by frame • Drive pulleys and take up unit at
ends
 • Pulleys coupled to gears and motors i. It should have adequate strength
 • Peripheral Devices to drop on belt, direct around corner, clean, ii. Good longitudinal and lateral flexibility
discharge etc. (Loading and unloading devices, snub pulley, belt
iii. High wear resistance
cleaners etc.)
iv. Freedom from ply separation due to repeated bending
Conveyor Belting Parts •
v. Low elastic and permanent elongation
 Carcass - woven fabric or material for tensile strength
vi. Low water absorption
 • Skims - rubber layers between carcass plys
vii. Effect of moisture on strength and life of belt should be negligible
 • Braker - fabric coat above carcass to break impact of load
 • Top Cover - A rubber that resists cutting abrasion and sometimes
chemical action

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Advantages of Conveyer Belt Disadvantages of Conveyer Belt

i. Accumulation is difficult.
i. Noiseless operation.
ii. Complicated marshalling.
ii. Large length of conveying path.
iii. The loss of light weight bulk material carried away as dust or spilled from
iii. Lower power consumption. the belt along its path is another objectionable features.
iv. Long life. iv. Continuous or periodic monitoring of belt is necessary.
v. Adaptability to different types of goods. v. Heat affects the material of belt.
vi. Ability to carry almost any bulk material. vi. The normal design of a belt conveyor is opened. If your product needs
to be contained, covers and or drip pans can become expensive and
vii. High reliability of operation. cumbersome.
viii. Can transport material in any direction. vii. If the material is sticky, belt cleaning can be difficult and generally not
very successful.
ix. Reduction in numbers of personnel.
viii. There is almost always material carry over from the belt discharge and
x. Reduction in energy consumption. this becomes a house keeping problem.
xi. Long periods between maintenance. ix. If the material being conveyed is sticky it will ultimately get transferred to
the return side of the belt and then to the rolls, idlers and pulleys, then belt
xii. Independence of the system to its surrounds. xiii. Reduced business costs. tracking can be an ongoing issue.

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Applications of Conveyer Belt Basic components of a typical belt

i. Moving loads and bulk material in foundry, mining, cement industry, conveyor
ii. In line production,
iii. Coal handling plant,
iv. Automotive sector,
v. Agricultural,
vi. Food processing,
vii. Pharmaceutical,
viii. Chemical, bottling and canning,
ix. Print finishing and packaging.

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Belt Construction Belt Construction

 A conveyor belt consists of two elements, the carcass and the

cover.
 The fabric ply- constructed belting is the most widely used kind.
 Its carcass is made up of number of layers or plies of cotton fabric.
 The carcass is the reinforcing member and may be of either textile
reinforcements steel cords and supplies the tensile strength and the
body to the belt to hold the shape.
 Carcass absorbs longitudinal tensile stresses and elastic protective
filler protect carcass against moisture, mechanical damage and
abrasion due to conveying material.

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