EL-MAGNIFICO

1. Type of radiation on mri (gamma, xray, radiofrequency):- gamma

and magnetic

2. Lefort fracture- 1- level of maxillary sinus; 2- pyramidal fracture;

3: cranio functional dysfunction

3. Abfraction, abrasion: - physiological wearing (abrasion) friction

from using a tooth brush with hard bristles. abfraction

(mechanical loss of tooth structure V-shaped)

4. Cleidocranial dysplasia:- autosomal dominant hypodontia

supernumerary teeth and clavicle

5. Specificity and sensitivity (which one says patients are healthy

and which one says they're sick): sensitivity: with disease;

specificity: without disease

6. Hairy leukoplakia EBV

7. What medication leaves a bad taste: anti histamines; anti-

depressants; ADHD (Ritalin) metronidazole; ciprofloxacin;

calcium channel blockers; Sulphonamides

8. F sounds denture( 3 qs on this): max anterior incisal edge comes

in contact with the vermilion border of the lip indicates the

position of maxillary anterior also called labio dental

(FRICATIVE)

9. Vertical dimension how should teeth contact when making

sounds-???

10. Pseudo class III: habitual class 3 seen in the young children
11. Stressed patient that says he will control stress: more stressed

for thinking about being stressed/ less stressed for controlling

the stress (the options were like that): more stressed for

about thinking about being stressed.

12. Bisulfide on lidocaine: preservative (SODIUM METABISULPHITE).

13. Panoramic if patient moves for 1 second what happens on the

panoramic image: horizontal distortion.

14. Pemphigus: ACANTHOLYSIS; NIKOLSKYS SIGN; DESMOSOMES;

supra basilar layer; FISH NET PATTERN

15. One less question to study

16. Overdenture with 2 implants type of support (tissue (retention),

implant): retention; stability and resistance

17. Warthin tumor (2nd most common in parotid) (PAPPILARY

CYSTADENOMA LYMPHAMATOSUM) is bilateral, pleomorphic

is a mass on parotid

18. Caries cervical on chemo patients

19. Patients with osteoradionecrosis: mandible and 65gy rx:

hyperbaric oxygen; (pentoxyphylline and tocopherol) surgical

20. Tuberculosis intraoral signs ulcers how (all answers had ulcers

on them you have to know how ulcers present on tb

patients ): chronic ulcer which spreads to the lungs regional

lymphadenopathy ; periapical granuloma and tuberculoma

Commonly seen buccal mucosa, dorsal surface of the tongue,

pharynx and palate (mnemonic: RIP rifampicin, isoniazid and

pyrazinamide)
21. Epulis and fibroma: epulis: growth on the gingiva (etiology:

denture) (INFLAMMATORY FIBROUS HYPERPLASIA)

Fibroma: benign growth

22. Most difficult to get rid of sterilizing TB

23. Many qs on flaps and when are they used- thank you very helpful

24. Gingivectomy indications: elimination of suprabony pocket;

gingival enlargement and supra periodontal abscess

Increase the clinical crown length

25. Amantadine: antiviral; ANTI PARKINSONS

26. Modeling: demonstrate on the same age child or sibling and

model his behavior

27. Glass ionomer property: Releases fluoride; anticariogenic;

adhesive; biocompatible due to polyacrylic acid matrix; good

thermal insulator; low solubility in the mouth after initial set

28. Difference between perio and endo lesion: EPT:- endo lateral

percussion: perio

Periapical radiolucency is observed in endo lesions.

Pulp is vital in perio lesions

29. Type of impression to take on a pt with a movable epulis:

FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION; ADDITIONAL SILICONE

30. Bacteria on red complex: P. Intermedia; T. denticola; T. forsythia

31. Absolute contraindication implant placement:- bisphosphonate

therapy (due to osteoclast activity, uncontrolled diabetes;

systemic conditions
 32. A general dentist is considered a specialist if: he refers cases to

specialists; he works together with the specialist or he does

specialists work- NONE HOPEFULLY!!!

33. Given the age of a girl how many teeth should she have:- video

part 1 pass the dental boards

34. Maximum quantity of carpules on kid: 3 carpules

1:100000 is .01 mg /ml for epinephrine

2% lidocaine is 20 mg /ml

Maximum dose for kids’ lidocaine 4.4 mg/kg

Maximum dose for adults 7mg/kg

Each carpule 1.8ml

Maximum dose of epinephrine for heart diseases 0.04 mg

35. Bad taste medication: sulfonamides, metronidazole;

ciprofloxacin; anti histamines and anti-depressants

36. How should pulpoaxial walls be on an amalgam prep: beveled and

rounded (MD-divergent and B-l convergent)

37. How should you prepare a tooth for a crown (same anatomy,

rounded form, sharp)

38. Localized vertical bone loss on molars seen on which

periodontitis: - localized aggressive

39. Lichen planus: WICHKAMS STRAIE; AUTOIMMUNE types: erosive;

cutaneous; hyperplastic; reticuloform

Occur on tongue; buccal mucosa and lips

 Cannot be wiped off

SAW tooth rete pegs; “t-cells” activity against basal

keratinocytes.

40. A patient has lesion on tongue for more than 15 days now, what

should you do? brush cytology or biopsy

41. CHF- rx: DIGOXIN, ACE inhibitors; calcium channel blockers

42. Wavelength: hue

43. Learn hue, chroma and value well

•Hue is the color tone (ie, red, blue, yellow, etc). The term “hue” is
synonymous with the term “color,” and is used to describe the color of
a tooth or dental restoration.

•Chroma is the intensity or saturation of the color tone (hue), ie, light
blue or dark blue. For instance, chroma is used to describe the orange
or yellow hue of a tooth or a restoration.

•Value is the relative lightness (brightness) or darkness of the hue.

•Translucency is the three-dimensional representation of value.

Translucency is abstract and intangible and is currently difficult to
measure and standardize.

44. Extraction of premolars which forcep number: 150 max 151

mandible

45. Fluoride mode of action on enamel: FLOUROPATITE formation

46. Axillary freckles pathology: CAFÉ AU LAIT SPOTS; MCCUNE

ALBRIGHT SYNDROME

47. Rapport: developing good communication prior to treatment

48. Aversive conditioning:- using something unpleasant to condition

 the kid! Ex: habit breaking appliance

49. Best prognosis wall defect: 3-walled TROUGH; Furcation type 2

50. Hospital soap wont kill which bacteria- TRICLOSAN RESISTANT

BACTERIA??

51. Why extract a third molar? bony defect or to prevent 2nd molar

distal caries

52. Lots of "all these are true except ___" questions- -THANK YOU!

53. Lots of pharm, prostho, perio flaps.-THANK YOU WILL KEEP

THAT IN MIND!!

54. Day 2 had side effects of medications, interactions, treatment

planning (trust your gut answering these), and patient

management.

55. A dentist got 90% of the cases free from disease in a study

1-sensitivity

2-specificity+

3-validity

4-reliability

56.How’s the sensitivity presented

1-relative number

2-absolute number

3-range

4-proportion++

57.3.I got lots of questions asking about the parulis. parulis = gum
boil

dental sinus (also termed a parulis and commonly, a gumboil)

is an oral lesion characterized by a soft erythematous papule

(red spot) that develops on the alveolar process in

association with a non-vital tooth and accompanying dental

abscess. A parulis is made up of inflamed granulation tissue.

Less commonly, dental infections drain onto the surface of

the skin, forming a cutaneous sinus of dental origin.

This condition is often resolved by endodontic treatment and

does not have indication for antibiotic use. This is a common

mistake among health professionals. Treatment-gargling with

salt water.

rinsing the mouth with hydrogen peroxide mouthwash (equal

parts 3% hydrogen peroxide and water)

I got as well questions asking about the definition of

substantivity and in what substance it is “chlorohexidine”-

slow release on oral mucosa. Substantivity is the prolonged

association between a material (e.g. CHX) and a substrate

(e.g. oral mucosa, oral proteins, dental plaque, dental

surface), an association that can be greater and more

extended than would be expected from a simple deposition

mechanism. In high concentrations, chlorhexidine is

bactericidal and acts as a detergent by damaging cell

membrane. One positive property of chlorhexidine is its

 intrinsic ability to be retained by oral surfaces, and gradually

released into oral fluids over many hours, which is defined as

substantivity

58.4.Which is the most common ortho class for pedo?? Edge to

edge- Flush terminal plane-edge to edge

59.Flush Terminal Plane If the distal surface of maxillary and

mandibular deciduous second molars are in the same vertical

plane, then it is called a flush terminal plane.

5.Jan rq:

How many % of adults have herpes simplex virus? 20-30%,

50-80%, 100%-50-80 percent

60.6.Jan rq: Amantadine is an? antivirus, antifungal...-antivirus

61.7.Jan rq: sterilize plastic instruments using? glutaraldehyde,

phenol, alcohol...-glutaraldehyde

62.8.Jan rq: symptoms of thyroid storm versus anaphylaxic shocks

Thyroid storm-high temperature, fast heart rate, nausea,

vomiting, confusion, perspiration, diarrhea

Anaphylaxis-low BP, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate

63.8.Jan rq: common sign of mandibular fracture? trismus,

paresthesia; malocclusion

64.9.Jan rq: contraindication of root canal therapy? HIV, leukemia,

recent MI- recent MI for selective endo is contraindicated.

leukemia is an absolute contraindication. answer is recent MI

65.10.Jan rq: optimal periodontal maintenance is in ? 1 month, 3

 month, 6, 12 months-3 months

66.11.Jan rq: a pt has deep pocket depth, which procedure would

preserve the gingiva? split palatal, apical positioned flap,

lateral position flap, gingivectomy- apical positioned flap

67.12.Jan rq: You observed the a child was very upset going to the

dentist due to a past experience at another medical office.

What it is? Association, modeling..=association

68.13.Jan rq: calcific metamorphosis ? internal root resorption,

external root resorption, something else=internal root

resorption (5-18%) calcification of the canals

69.14.Jan rq: maxillary artery is from which branch? internal

carotid, external cortical artery-external carotid artery

70.15.Jan rq: characteristics of body dysmorphic disorder?- Body

dysmorphic disorder (BDD), dysmorphophobia, is a mental

disorder characterized by the obsessive idea that some

aspect of one's own body part or appearance is severely

flawed and therefore warrants exceptional measures to hide

or fix one's dysmorphic part on one's figure. Frequent exam of

appearance in the mirror.

71.16.Jan rq: Development of cleft lip? 2-3weeks, 6-9weeks, 12-15

weeks, 18-21 weeks-6-9 weeks

72.17.Jan rq: You give an IA nerve block and the needle inserted

medially from the pterygoid raphe. Which two muscles

involved? medial pterygoid, superior constrictor, buccinator-

medial pterygoid, buccinator

73.18.Jan rq: Which facial space does infection of Lugwig NOT

travel to? Submental, Sub mandibular, sublingual,

retropharyngeal- retropharyngeal

74.19.Jan rq: got a patient who currently prescribed penicillin V for

pain. He has a heart condition and need prophylaxis before

procedure begin. which prophylaxis should you use?

Amoxicillin 2g or clindamycin 600mg

75.A tooth was root canal treated and there was a small

radiolucency under the apex. After 4 years it is still there.

What do you think it is? Apical scar, apical cyst, forgot other

choices- apical scar

76.21.Janrq: primary stability of implant osteo integration is?

Patient health status, primary stability of the implant-??????

77.22.RQ: If you think the drug causes serious problem, should

report to? FDA, CDA-fda

78.23.RQ: Which muscle closes the tongue? Genioglossus-

protrudes, hyaglossal- depresses the tongue

palatoglossus elevate the tongue

styloglosus retracts the tongue

79.24.RQ: Common fungal infection? Histoplasmosis, candidiasis,

blastomatosis-candida

80.Lesion at the basement membrane? Pemphigoid, pemphigoid,

erosion lichen planus-pemphigoid

81.Reduction of the crown should look like? Flat and round, follow

occlusal morphology-follow occlusal morph

82.As you get older, people lose which teeth first due to

periodontitis? Max molar, Man molar-max molar.

83.bulimia? Caucasian women, Caucasian men, black men, black

women-caucasian women

84.Heparin? PTT, PT-ptt

85.Naloxone: completive antagonist?-morphine

86.Provisional for veneer? Bis-acryl, methyl methacrylic,

composite, shell--bis-acryl resin

87.Patient has a deep carious, non-restorable #23 and the dentist

recommended extraction. No medical history. The patient’s

spouse told the dentist that the patient has frequent

urination, thirst, hunger and lost a lot of weight recently.

What is the recommendation for the treatment?

Extract #23 with local anesthesia,

refer to the periodontist,

refer to the physician

88. Jan rq: 7 year old boy, weight 45 lb. what’s the max number

Carpule of lidocaine epi he can have?

1, 3, ...-3333

45lbs= 20.4kg

20.4x4.4=89.76/36= 2.49 cartridges.

 4.4mg/kg is the max dose of lidocaine for children

36 mg lido per carpule

89.Jan rq: similar to the picture, the large lesion is in the middle of

the central incisor, not near the cervical. Abrasion, acidic

chemical (erosion is not in the choice)-answer is acidic

chemical

90.Jan rq: Which experimental design would you use to study

gastric bypass and nutrition? Cohort, randomized clinical

trial.

91.Jan rq: very similar to this picture. Which sinus is not shown

clearly?-ethmoid sinus

92.Which facial profile? Straight, convex, concave-convex

93. rq: children with congenital heart defect seem emotionally and

physically dependent because? limit physical abilities...,

parents overly protective, hospitalized frequently...-parents

overly protective

RQ-17/18

94. Hypoglycemia signs- Whole body: excess sweating, excessive

hunger, fainting, fatigue, lightheadedness, or shakiness

Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting

Cognitive: mental confusion or unresponsiveness

Mouth: dryness or tingling lips

Also common: anxiety, blurred vision, headache, irritability,

 pallor, palpitations, sensation of pins and needles, sleepiness,

slurred speech, tremor, or unsteadiness

95. Shock sign except- Cool, clammy skin

Pale or ashen skin

Bluish tinge to lips or fingernails (or gray in the case of dark

complexions)

Rapid pulse

Rapid breathing

Nausea or vomiting

Enlarged pupils

Weakness or fatigue

Dizziness or fainting

Changes in mental status or behavior, such as anxiousness or

agitation.

96. Pic of Healthy pt. having -tongue lesion also on palate -

candidiasis

97. For saliva control if pt. given Anesthesia- glycopyrrolate

(0.2mg)

98. Ace inhibitors – moa angiotensin 1 to 2 is blocked

(anticholinesterase)

99. Beta blockers- moa in angina (block the effect of adrenaline on

 the heart)

These block the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also

known as adrenaline. They help your heart beat more slowly

and with less force, decreasing the effort your heart makes

and easing the angina pain.

100. 100- Propanalol + epi- which receptors work—alpha receptors

will work

101.Because epinephrine will activate alpha and beta receptors

and propanolol is beta blocker

102.101. Vasoconstriction by which receptors

103.beta 2 receptors on smooth muscles

104.102. Pics- fibroma vs neuroma,geographic tongue, median

rhomboid glossitis
105.Fibromas are benign tumors that are composed of fibrous or

connective tissue.

106.traumatic neuroma is a type of neuroma which results from

trauma to a nerve, usually during a surgical procedure. The

most common oral locations are on the tongue and near the

mental foramen of the mouth

107.Geographic tongue (also known as benign migratory glossitis)

is an inflammatory disorder that usually appears on the top

 and sides of the tongue. Atrophy of filiform papillae

108.

108) Median rhomboid glossitis is a condition characterized by an

area of redness and loss of lingual papillae on the central dorsum of

the tongue

109) digoxin+ diuretic: people with heart failure who take digoxin are

commonly given medicines called diuretics. This drugs remove excess

fluid from the body. Many diuretics can cause potassium loss. A low

level of potassium in the body can increase the risk of digitalis toxicity

110. Hypertension stages

There are four stages of high blood pressure or hypertension:

 STAGE 1 or Prehypertension is 120/80 to 139/89.

STAGE 2 or Mild Hypertension is 140/90 to 159/99.

STAGE 3 or Moderate Hypertension is 160/100 to 179/109.

STAGE 4 or Severe Hypertension is 180/110 or higher.

111. Pt is having all crowns n implants - she is confused hw to take

oral hygiene-ask her to watch vedio on oral hygiene, give chlorhexidine

mouth wash.Give oral hygiene instructions and chlorhexidine

mouthwash

112. Dual bond-It is a bond btw enamel and dentin in new type of

dentin bonding agents they can make bond at same time with the

dentin and enamel

113. Cheek biting - how to correct it- If cheek biting occurs with

dentures that have already been completed, the difficulty sometimes

can be overcome by building out the buccal flange on the denture base

sufficiently to hold the soft tissues away from the buccal edges of the

teeth.- to increase horizontal overlap by max. teeth, grind buccal

cusps of mand denture.Cheek bite occur because of excessive

horizontal overlap so Grinding the buccal cusps of mandibular molars

in denture will make it better.

114. Beading on major connector

the depth and width of groove is 0.5 mm.

 increases strength and prevents food impaction. fades out 6

mm from gingival margin.

115. Tongue tie - pt with denture what problem she will face-phonetics

Phonetics , soreness and denture stability will be poor

116. patient is bothering the patient dentist got upset. the assistant

drops instruments on the floor and the dentist was so mad that h had

it out with the assistant what do you call this reaction? -deflection

117) Transference unconscious transfer of experience from one

interpersonal situation to another

118) when pt ask for extract all teeth to give CD but he is having

good teeth.

What 2 criteria are in conflict?

1.nonmaleficence+

2.autonomy+

3.beneficence

4.veracity

Autonomy pts right to decide for themself and non maleficence (do no
harm ) so dentist cant remove all teeth

119. Smoker pt what not to give for smoking cessation -

smokeless tobacco

120) Bupropion: Bupropion is a non-nicotine medication

approved for smoking cessation in adults

Varenicline: Varenicline (Chantix), which is used only in adults,

mimics the effect of nicotine by activating these brain receptors,

which maintain low-dose stimulation of dopamine, thereby

preventing cravings

121. Many Endo vs perio diagnosis (should be so clear about

this)
122. Diagnosis suppurative periodontitis
123. To diagnose class 1,2,3 not from pics of molars but from

lat ceph ♀

but they do particular ask about angle classification without

molar pictures
124. Transillumination- Diagnostic Clues

Craze lines are frequently confused with cracks but can be

differentiated by transillumination. If the tooth is cracked, the

light will be blocked, allowing only a segment of the tooth

structure to light up; if the tooth only has a craze line, the

entire tooth structure will light up.

125. How to change hue-Add color from spectrum

126-Histamine cause except- it causes these-

H1(Bronchoconstriction, vasodilation,secretion, pain ,itch,

 low BP), H2(acid secretion vasodilation,increase in force and

rate of heart)

127. If pt very anxious - what to give a day before when he is

coming in for

treatment-

diazepam

Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter

gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor,

resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic

(anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant

properties.

128. Pt is taking so many medication-

TCA,smoking cessation-what will affect oral hygiene -

xerostomia (TCA-dry mouth)

Side effects of tca:-

blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, weight gain or loss,

low blood pressure on standing, rash, hives, and.

increased heart rate.

129. Pt is interested in smoking cessation- how will u help except

-some

motivational interview n weird options

 130. 16 yr old pt- lost per 1st molar - how to replace -Rpd, Fpd,

implant- rpd .Removable partial denture because patient is in

growing age so we will not give implants

131. Fluoride supplements at what age start- 6 months ( to 16

years)

132. Pregnancy pain killer safe-

acetaminophen ( tylenol)

Tylenol 3 we can give in pregnancy for pain

 133. Turner Hypoplasia-Enamel hypoplasia is a defect of the teeth in

which the enamel is deficient in amount, caused by defective enamel

matrix formation caused by infection or trauma from primary molar to

the permanent tooth bud

134. Randomized clinical trial-to reduce bias(Double blind) design

prevents biased interpretation. A randomized controlled trial is a

type of scientific (often medical) experiment that aims to reduce

certain sources of bias when testing the effectiveness of new

treatments; this is accomplished by randomly allocating subjects to

two or more groups,treating them differently, and then comparing

them with respect to a measured response.

135. Aspirin toxicity-bleeding, ringing in the ears(tinnitus), nausea, and

vomiting, hyperventilation leading to respiratory alkalosis, fever,

metabolic acidosis, seizures, lethargy, excitability, dehydration, CNS

effects

136. EDTA - chelating agent Mostly used irrigant in root canal

treatment. Its main activity is toward smear layer removal because of

its chelating power which makes it effective in removing the inorganic

component of dentin.

137. Some RQ from strawberry file, maestro file, I don’t remember

question

138. Be clear with your basics you going to need them in exam no

memorizing
139. On day 2 try to be as conservative in treatment question they

going to ask you best treatment - diastema t/t- crown, veneer,

composite-veneer

140. Pt ask not to tell my family about cancer-Autonomy: his right to

take decision about himself ;don’t tell his family.

141. Basic signs n symptoms-Asthma-

!wheezing during expiration,

! hypertension-high blood pressure, severe headache,

blood in urine, irregular heartbeat.

! hypoglycemia-sweating, hunger.

!Shock -weak and rapid pulse.

! Penicillin allergy-wheezing, hives, anaphylaxis

142. Pt is hypoglycemia: 1st thing to check if he is conscious give him

orange juice if unconscious check blood Glucose level treatment- 1

mg glucagon injection intramuscular

Or 50ml of 50% glucagon IV

143. Asthma pt - what’s important

Tell him to get asthma inhaler during the appointment.If got an attack

give him albuterol inhaler and o2

If subsite ok otherwise give theophylline

Call emergency

147. What the pt can have if she is using beclomethasone Inhaler -

 candidiasis

Because it causes xerostomia Otherside effects

Body aches or pain.

congestion.

difficulty with breathing.

dryness or soreness of the throat.

hoarseness.

runny nose.

tender, swollen glands in the neck.

trouble swallowing.

148. sphenoid-Occipital synchondrosis?

Suture, cartilage-cartilage

the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is a cartilaginous growth

center between the occipital and sphenoid bones

149. Epiphyseal plate ? Synchondrosis, cartilage-cartilage

Cartilaginous ossification
150. Jan rq: similar to the picture. A white, small 1mm, appeared

between gingiva and junction. Lesion is 1/4 size from the picture.

Osteoma, Normal; Exostosis is not in of the choices

forgot other choices==Gingival Fibrous Nodules

151. Sloughing of free gingival graft after one week

 Normal+++

Overly tight suture

Not integration into bed

152- Bimaxillary effect: something with relation of both jaws to the

cranial base

Bimaxillary protrusion? - Bimaxillary protrusion is a condition

characterized by protrusive and proclined upper and lower

incisors and an increased prominence of the lips. Convex

facial profile. Orthodontic treatment alone or combined with

orthognathic surgery are treatments of choice.

153. Dentist stop Rx in the middle what code of ethics- Negligence

154. Kennedy class 3 mod 1 support- Rest

Provide vertical support and resist vertical forces of displacement

155. Compare mean dmft bw boys and girls- T test

A t-test is a type of inferential statistic used to determine if there is a

significant difference between the means of two groups, which may be

related in certain features

156. Major connector main function - stability and rigidity weren’t

together in a single opt. but they help in

Support and rigidity

Unification

Stress distribution

Bracing and reciprocation

Retention

Indirect retention

157. D film to digital reduction in exposure- 50% was mx option

By changing conventional to digital radiology there is almost

reduction of 70%

158. Child learn to brush at- 2-5 or 6-9

Learn to brush in 6-9 approximately 7 years for brushing

And 10 years for flossing to get dexterity

159. Least chances of double canal-Mx CI

160. Intracanal medicament-calcium hydroxide

161. Sjogren syndrome doesn’t cause: peripheral neuropathy

characteristic features of Sjogren's syndrome, of which peripheral

neuropathy — damage of the peripheral nerves — is a major one.

Peripheral neuropathy can cause weakness, numbness, and pain,

usually in the hands and feet

162. Infection of mx pm goes into which space? -Buccal ,infratemporal

and zygomatic space

163. Infection of max incisor Nd canine go into canine space Nd max

post-buccal space

164. Max 3rd molar -also go in infratemporal

165. 11. Mx incisor chip off what to do? Veneer

166. file separated at the mid root level what to do?

refer to endo

if in apical third and tooth was asymptomatic leave it and

observe

167. trisomy 21 mimp feature: macroglossia

Down syndrome

Macroglossia

Slanting eyes

Enlarged adenoids

impacted teeth

Crowding

168. Gingival retraction cord do?

Zinc chloride containing can cause necrosis

 Others with chloride n epinephrine can cause hypertension

Used to prepare cavity in class 5

Astringent effect or caustic to the local tissue.

169. Common between gardener syndrome and neurofibromatosis:

polyps

Autosomal dominant

Premalignant

Polyps

170. Most imp thing for graft placement? -vascular supply

171. Best test for teeth: Thermal

172. Pt not able to open mouth:

Med pterygoid damage. Lat not in opg

173. Child has gingival and skin infection?-Leukemia, herpetic

gingivostomatitis, Anug

174. 10 mm lesion what to do? incisional biopsy

Below 2 mm do excisional biopsy and above that do incisional

biopsy

175. Lesion on the l lip 30 mm in size?-incisional

176. lesion 0.5 mm -excisional biopsy

177. White lesion on lip what could be increased? it seems like

keratosis so i put keratin;Leukoplakia was also a choice.

178. Bisphosphonates affects what cells? -Osteoblast or osteoclast

179. Abfraction caused by which forces? Compressive/ tensile/

Shear; mechanical or physical forces like in bruxism

180. Most effective block for Mx 2 M removal? Posterior superior

alveolar nerve block and middle superior alveolar nerve block

181. Which is not a branch of infraorbital nerve? Four branches, the

superior labial, internal nasal, external nasal, and inferior palpebral

nerves.

182. Tooth radio with bifurcated canal i think it was fusion

2 separate canals fusion

1. canal germination
183) Which bacteria not initiate the progression of caries?

Lactobacillus for progression, Streptococcus Mutans for

initiation.

184) Arch length determined by mesial of which tooth?

! Arch length - Distal of 2 Pre Molar to Distal of 2 Pre Molar or

Mesial of 1st Molar to Mesial of 1st Molar.

! For primary arch length is from most labial part of CI to

distal aspect of 2nd Molar.

185) Least NO inhalation risk: Patient

186) Yearly test: TB

187) Not a marker of sterilization?

! Biologic

! Mechanical

! Electrical

! Electronic

188)Most common defect:

 ! Cleft Lip and Palate-1:700

! Cleft lip-1:1000- males

! Cleft palate-1:2000- females

189)Sound used in vdo? S sound

Ask the patient to say “S” to evaluate the physiological

functional space. If teeth come in contact during the “S”

sound, you should increase interocclusal space and decrease

VDO.

190)Disadvantage of cantilever bridge? Rotational forces

191)Discrepancy of 0.3 mm bw die n crown fit what to do? REMAKE

CROWN.

I put retake the impression not sure. Other choice was

recontour.

192)Best crown for ant: PFM with zirconia

193)Candidiasis due to what? Chemotherapy, Immunosupressive

drugs (DD-181)

194)Most common seizure in children: Febrile

195)Which is not a drug for seizure? Chlorthiazides

196)Ankylosed primary molar least important? Alveolar bone width

197)Deepest part of rest: Central fossa

198)Necrosis resorption? Inflammatory

199)Osteoporosis? Thin trabecular

200)Color stability? Tegdma or less amine I put less amine as

tegdma is for viscosity

201)Pvs retarded by: latex (sulphur)

202)Chemical curing initiated by: Benzoyl peroxide (DD-85),

Activator- Tertairy amine; Light cure -Initiator- Camphoroquine

203)Least survival rate for oral cancer: Black males

204)Fetal alcohol syndrome? Mid face deficiency

205)Epiphyseal plate similar to? Synchondrosis DD ortho-32

206)Dowel core? Retain core (prevent vertical root fracture)

207)LAP RX? Scaling and root planning and Antibiotics

208)True cyst: Dermoid cyst ( Congenital cyst dd-87) Contain hair,

sebaceous and sweat gland, tooth structure. Middle of floor of

mouth

209)Best way removal retainer for manipulative child.

210)After 1 year microleakage: decreases

211)Know endo pulpal diagnosis. Endo-thermal test, cold-pulpitis,

 hot-necrosis; Perio-lateral Percussion

212)Hardest 3rd impacted molar to extract- vertical impacted-given

answer

! Mesioangular is the most difficult to extract in maxilla.

! Mandible: Hard – Distoangular, Easy – Mesioangular.

213)Pulpotomy vs pulpectomy for peds- The most

essential difference between the two is that pulectomy

removes tissue from the pulp chamber AND the root canal

system of the tooth, while pulpotomy focuses solely on

tissue in the pulp chamber.

214)Apical scar- radiolucency under the apex.

215)Apexogensis Indications- Formation of the apex in vital, young,

permanent teeth

216)Apexification indcations- for nonvital permanent teeth with

incompletely formed roots.

217)Sinus tract drainage- clinical Hallmark of a chronic peri

radicular abscess

218)Perio abscess vs endo absess (wide lateral defect, percussion)-

vitality, xray

219)Endo file separation/You separate an endo file 3mm from the

apex and obturate above it... Which case will show the best

prognosis? Vital pulp w/ no periapical lesion

220)Tooth avlusion- splinting

221)Most common permanent tooth missing- max lateral

222)Den in dens tooth? Most common max lateral

223)Replacement resorption and ortho:  External replacement

resorption- The other name for Ankylosis.

224)Straight line access easier in short teeth-True. best debriment,

reduced chance of file breakage; In long and curved it can

cause a ledge
225)Red complex bacteria-PTT

! Porphyromonas gingivalis

! Tannerella forsythia

! Treponema denticola
226)Some indirect restoration questions

227)Forceps for extraction permanent max PM- 150 CRYERS,

MANDIBLE-151 CRYERS
228)Burs for smoothing out preps? More flutes and shallow.

Tooth and crown-cutting burs have 4 to 8 sharp, deeply set

blades (flutes). Carbide finishing burs, most commonly 12-

and 30-fluted, have more cutting edges that are less deep and

far less aggressive. The 12-fluted instruments remove a tiny

bit of tooth structure while the 30-fluted burs are used

exclusively for polishing restorations.

! Implants= 3mm between implants, 2mm from vital structures,

Between Implant and tooth - 1.5 mm, high torque low speed.

229)You did a prep with high speed + diamond bur and tooth is

sensitive, what is it about bur and handpiece that it caused

sensitivity? Heat
230)What would cause displacement of odontoblastic processes?

Thermal

231)Whats the indication for # of pins to put when you are placing

an amalgam- one pin per cusp , one pin per surface , one pin per

line angle.

! 2 mm into dentin

! 2 mm into amalgam

! 1 mm from Dej

! With no bends in pin, Pin channel should be parallel to external

tooth surface

232)Indications for onlay- I put not enough dentinal structure under

cusps

! Large occlusal surface needs

! Tooth contour needs

! Fractures

! Splinting

! Bracing for teeth with root canal treatment

! Bridge retainers

! Partial retainers
233)Cement veneers and see brown discoloration on margins? I

Said Resin Or Microleakage

! Depending On Q- If Within Days=Amine

! 1 Week To Months=Microleakage

! 1 Month=Microcrack

234)know indications for composite (not good for big posterior

fillings)

! In small-to-moderate cavities in posterior teeth in no- to

minimal-stress-bearing situations 

! For all small-to-moderate anterior restorations 

! For repair of porcelain crowns 

! As a preventive resin.

USES:

! 

Class I, II, III, IV, V, and VI preparations

! Sealants

! Esthetic enhancements

! Hypocalcified areas

! Partial veneers

! Full veneers

! Anatomic additions

! Resin-bonded bridges

! Luting agent.

! Diastema closure

! Foundation
ADVANTAGES:

! Esthetics

! Insulation

! Bonding to tooth structure

! Conservation of tooth structure

! Less mechanical retention form needed

! Strengthening of remaining tooth structure— 


reinforcement of remaining tooth structure by 


bonding is believed to be temporary

! Minimal to no microleakage—decreased interfa


cial staining, recurrent caries, or postoperative 


sensitivity. 


DISADVANTAGES:

! Wear potential—only when all of occlusal contact on

composite.

! Very technique-sensitive; must have dry field; difficult to

do; takes more time. 


! Polymerization shrinkage—may cause contraction gaps

on root surfaces between composite and root. 


! C-factor may cause sensitivity, especially in class I

lesions. 

235)Why GI is good for class 5? Fluoride release, biocompatibility,

polyaryclic acid form ionic bond to enamel and dentin

236)Know HUE, VALUE, CHROMA (chroma=saturation) , choose hue

first… know this well

237)Most rention of crown? Axial taper (came up 3x) Minimal taper

between axial walls conserves tooth structure, prevents

undercuts, enhances resistance, and enhances retention (6-

degree taper between walls is recommended).

238)Which of the following do you not do in cementation of a

porcelain crown: etch enamel with hydrofluoric acid.

Etching is done with phosphoric acid. Not hydrofluoric acid.

239)What could the reason be if you see opaque white porcelain in

the incisal 1/3 facial of the PFM crown: Inadequate reduction of

the inciso facial part of the tooth

240)Most common complication of internal bleaching: cervical root

resorption   (this wasn’t an answer choice on mine)

External resorption:

! Cervical resorption is one type of the external resorption

! Inadequate seal results in leakage in cervical area and

external resorption from cells recruited via pdl

! As you only do internal bleaching for non vital tooth and

internal resorption happen only in vital teeth

241)Pontic for FPD should rest on the soft tissue without blanching

To maintain the health of the tissue beneath a pontic, The

pontic should:

! Have minimal tissue coverage.

! Have passive contact with ridge with no apparent

blanching.

242)What pontic can you put on posterior FPD that will change

esthetics and phonetics and can’t be put on anterior? (I put

 hygenic b/c idk)

! Esthetics in posterior region- Conical. Saddle can only be

given in posterior, but has poor esthetics.

! Anteriors-Modified Ridge Lap/Ovate

243)Strength of solder connector of FPD increases due to increase

in Height

244)A LOT of q facebow registration

A facebow transfer positions the maxillary cast in three

dimensions:

! Relating the maxillary cast to the condylar elements

anteroposteriorly

! Relating the maxillary cast vertically with some third point of

reference:

-Relating the maxillary cast with a tentative occlusal plane,

which is parallel to the alatragus line, orbitale, or incisal pin

notch.
 -This precise positioning does the following:

! Allows the teeth to be within a close radius of the correct

arc of closure when the articulator is used in hinge

movement

! Allows the teeth to reproduce more accurately the lateral

arc during excursions

! Minimizes occlusal discrepancies caused by changes in

vertical dimension (e.g., mounting cast with interocclusal

records)

- In complete denture construction, the facebow transfer

record can be pre- served by means of a plaster index of the

occlusal surfaces of the maxillary denture before removing

the denture from the articulator and cast after processing

and occlusal adjustment is completed.

245)Question about thyroid storms…  Thyroid storm is a life-

threatening health condition that is associated with untreated

or undertreated hyperthyroidism. Causes of this condition

include:

! severe undertreated hyperthyroidism

! untreated overactive thyroid gland

! infection associated with hyperthyroidism

! Thyroid storm symptoms-high temperature, fast heart rate,

nausea, vomiting, confusion, perspiration, diarrhea

! Anaphylaxis-low BP, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate.

!
246)If pt with CD is talking and denture keeps “popping” off what is

going on? I put overextended borders

247)Pt feels like lip is sticking out with CD (I put adjust labial

flange)

! Lip fullness is from labial flange n lip support is from anterior

teeth

! Maxillary and mandibular lip support in a patient with

complete dentures is provided by the facial surfaces of teeth

and the denture base.

248)Light intiator for composites= camphoroquionine

249)QUESTION: What happens when you take an impression & lip

immediately swells? Angioedema (allergy reaction)

250)Imbibition and syneresis affect which one the most? Reversible

hydrocolloid

251)Question about which is the best for indirect restorations and

impression material (asked about charactiersics of the material

but not the names of the material) Addition Silicone Widely

Used
252)Best interocclusal record for MIP? (I put just cusp tips with

some light showing )

! Casts produced with irreversible hydrocolloid are more

accurately mounted with wax records, and casts obtained with

elastomeric materials are more accurately mounted with

elastomeric registration materials or zinc oxide eugenol paste

! Most common materials used for interocclusal records are wax

(aluwax) and fast-setting elastomeric materials such as polyvinyl

siloxane and polyether.

253)Fl- replace hydroxyl

Fluoride is bactericidal and provides fluoride ion for

remineralization forming fluorapatite (which is more resistant

to acid attack than hydroxyapatite enamel)

254)Osteomas- Clinical: Most common site is angle of mandible;

- Radiographic: Well-circumscribed radiopacity

! Also in Gardners: Multiple facial osteomas & skin nodules,

intestinal polyps, fibromas, epidermoid cysts, supernumerary

teeth. There is very high chance of the intestinal polyps

getting converted jnto colorectal cancer.

255)Asked about cleiocraial

! Multiple unerupted supernumerary teeth

! Retention of primary teeth

! Delayed eruption of permanent teeth

! Missing clavicles, frontal bossing, large head

256)other ones that cause supernumary

! Cleidocranial Dysplasia

! Down Syndrome

! Gardner Syndrome

257)Downs syndrome- Lower Affinity For Caries, Macroglossia,

Short, Conical Roots, Bruxism, Mouth Breathing, Open Bite,

 Drooling, Fissured Tongue, Other Malocclusion, Low Level Of

Dental Caries And Poor Oral Hygiene.

258)Di and dysplasia: DI roots are normal with obliterated pulp for 1

& 2 while 3 has R/L .In dent in dysplasia type 1 has fragments

of pulp chevrons with R/L and type 2 also has thistle tube pulp

259)How to treat interal resorption- Root Canal Treatment

260)Pagets association with cancer- Involved with breast cancer

and bone cancer. bone can undergo malignant (sarcomatous)

transformation-osteosarcoma. It is a very rare complication

of Paget's Disease of Bone. In less than 1:1,000

patients, Paget's disease can trigger a change in one of the

main types of bone cell known as an osteoblast, turning the cell

abnormal and becoming cancer like (malignant).

261)Osteosarcoma treated with Bisphosphonates (The

bisphosphonates inhibit the resorption of bone by osteoclasts

and may have an effect on osteoblasts.)

! Swift onset of localized pain and swelling; tingling lower lip

! Onset in late 20s, early 30s

! Most common primary malignancy of bone in persons less

than 25-years-old

! Radiographic - early lucency then opacity; trabeculae

changes; PDL symmetrical widening

262)A lot of osteoradionecrosis (u can figure it not hard) >65 high

risk of ORN

! Osteoradionecrosis major factor is damage to the vascular

 supply

! Posterior mandible common site-because

! It is less vascularized, Collateral blood supply in maxilla.

! Radiation occurs more often on mandible and cortical bone.

263)Pyogenic granuloma-pregnancy

! Occur at any age

! Any location but usually on gingiva

! Most common is interdental papilla

! Local reactive growth

 ! Irritation

! Bleeds readily

! Exophytic

! Not painful

! Grows very fast – like malignancies

! Proliferative

264)•pyogenic granuloma and pregnancy

! Pyogenic Granuloma is a common benign tumor involving the

blood vessels observed commonly on the mouth or skin. These

tumors may be single or multiple and may grow rapidly

! Pyogenic Granuloma of Pregnancy is a common condition that

may occur in pregnant women, mostly after the first trimester.

The hormonal changes that take place during pregnancy may be

causative. The condition is also known as Pregnancy Tumor

! The treatment of choice is a complete surgical removal through

simple excision; the prognosis of Pyogenic Granuloma of

Pregnancy is excellent with suitable treatment. However, it may

recur in the next pregnancy

 !

265)•neurofibromatosis- lische nodules, etc

Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas that appear as well-

defined, dome-shaped elevations projecting from the surface of the

iris and are clear to yellow or brown. Multiple Lisch nodules appear

to be found only in patients with peripheral neurofibromatosis

(neurofibromatosis type 1, or von Recklinghausen's disease), an

autosomal disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 3500.1 , 2 Although

these nodules were first described by Waardenburg in 1918,3 the

association between them and neurofibromatosis 1 was not fully

appreciated until the report by Lisch in 1937,4 after whom they

were then named.

Lisch nodules are the most common clinical feature of

neurofibromatosis 1 in adults.5 , 6 They can often be seen with no

magnification, especially in adults, who usually have multiple,

bilateral nodules. A slit-lamp examination, however, is required to

 distinguish them from nevi on the iris, which are flat or minimally

elevated, densely pigmented lesions with blurred margins. Lisch

nodules are not known to result in any ophthalmologic

complications.

The diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1 is often difficult in children,

who have multiple café au lait spots but no other symptoms or

signs. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of

Lisch nodules in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 and to assess

their usefulness in the diagnosis of the disorder. The results also

demonstrate the importance of Lisch nodules in identifying the

minimally affected parents of children in whom a sporadic case is

suspected but not confirmed.

266)•cysts not seen on radiograph- nasolabial cysts (Source: ASDA)

267)•pemphigoid – basement membrane; Hemidesmosomes

268)•histoplasmosis orally looks like tb-

269)•pleomorphic adenoma- most common salivary gland tumour

270)•Kaposi sarcoma
 (HHV-8). People who have organ or kidney transplants also have an

increased risk of Kaposi sarcoma.

Involved organs are:- lungs, GI tract and other organs

271)•Congential epulis

Congenital epulis is a proliferation of cells most frequently

occurring on the alveolar ridge of the upper jaw at birth. Less

frequently the mass may arise from the mandibular alveolus. Rare

cases can arise from the tongue

272)•A good antifungal that can be taken orally and have systemic

effect. Nystatin

273)•Actini cheliltis= loss of vdo

Actinic cheilitis (actinic keratosis of lip, solar keratosis, solar

cheilosis; from the Greek aktino = rays and cheili = lips) is

common in sun-overexposed individuals, and is essentially a

burn. This chapter discusses chronic actinic cheilitis (solar

cheilosis) – a potentially malignant disorder (~ 6% risk of

squamous carcinoma).

AGE

Occurs mainly in older adults.

GENDER

Most prevalent in men.

GEOGRAPHIC

Mainly seen in persons from the tropics and less in black

people.

PREDISPOSING FACTORS

Ultraviolet light from the sun can damage the lips and skin,
particularly the vermilion of the lower lip. Commonly seen in

Caucasians in the tropics, less in people with coloured skins.

Particularly at risk are people whose lifestyles include much

time spent outdoors, especially farmers, sailors, fishermen,

windsurfers, skiers, mountaineers, golfers, etc.

Other forms of radiation including arc-welding can

occasionally cause similar damage. Actinic cheilitis rarely

may be an early manifestation of a genetic susceptibility to

light damage as in xeroderma pigmentosum or part of the

syndrome of actinic prurigo. Immune defects (including

immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients) also

predispose to malignant transformation.

CLINICAL FEATURES

Actinic cheilitis is most common on the lower lip, with

sparing of the oral commissures. In the early, acute stages,

the lip may be red and edematous, but after months or years

(chronic cheilitis) may become dry and scaly and wrinkled

with grey to white changes. Lesions may appear as a smooth

or scaly, friable patch or can involve the entire lip later,

becoming palpably thickened with small greyish white

plaques. Eventually, warty nodules may form, which may

evolve into OSCC.

 F

274)•Symptoms of acute herpetic gingivitis:-

The symptoms can be mild or severe and may include:

! Not able to chew or swallow

! Sores on the inside of the cheeks or gums
! Fever
! General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling
! Very sore mouth with no desire to eat
! Halitosis (bad breath).
275)•Warty and cauliflower? Hpv

276)•Oligodontia? Ectoderm

277) Hypoglycemia signs except-

 277)shock sign - If you go into shock, you may experience one or

more of the following: rapid, weak, or absent pulse, irregular

heartbeat, rapid, shallow breathing, lightheadedness, cool,

clammy skin, dilated pupils, lackluster eyes, chest pain,

nausea, confusion, anxiety, decrease in urine ,thirst and dry

mouth, low blood sugar ,loss of consciousness

278) Pic of Healthy pt having -tongue lesion also on palate –

candidiasis

279) For saliva control if pt given Anaesthesia- glycopyrrolate

280) Ace inhibitors – moa

ACE inhibitors work by interfering with the body’s renin-

angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). RAAS is a complex system

responsible for regulating the body's blood pressure. The kidneys

release an enzyme called renin in response to low blood volume,

 low salt (sodium) levels or high potassium levels. Angiotensinogen,

which is synthesized in the liver, is the main substrate for renin.

Renin catalytically cleaves these circulating angiotensinogen and

forms angiotensin I. Angiotensin-converting enzymes then convert

angiotensin I to its physiologically active form, angiotensin II.

Angiotensin II causes contraction of the muscles surrounding

blood vessels, effectively narrowing vessels and increasing blood

pressure. It also stimulates the release of aldosterone, which

stimulates water and sodium reabsorption, thereby, increasing

blood volume and blood pressure.

ACE inhibitors stimulate the dilation of blood vessels by inhibiting

the production of angiotensin II. The major organs that ACE

inhibitors affect are the kidney, blood vessels, heart, brain, and

adrenal glands. The inhibitory effects lead to increased sodium and

urine excreted, reduced resistance in kidney blood vessels,

increased venous capacity, and decreased cardiac output, stroke

work, and volume.

281) Beta blockers- moa in angina

In patients with angina, beta blockers are often very effective in

improving the intensity or duration of exercise that can be performed
without developing ischemia or angina. Patients with stable angina
who take beta blockers usually experience a noticeable diminishing of
episodes of angina and have to take nitroglycerin less often.3

In addition, in patients with angina who have had a myocardial

infarction. (heart attack), beta blockers are the only anti-angina drugs
that have been shown to reduce the risk of having another myocardial
infarction.

Furthermore, in survivors of myocardial infarction, or in patients who

have heart failure in addition to stable angina, beta blockers have
been shown to significantly improve overall survival.4

The benefits provided by beta blockers have made them the drugs of
the first choice in treating patients with CAD and stable angina.

282)Propanalol + epi- which receptors work  - B1

283)Vasoconstriction by which receptors  - alpha 1

284)Pics- fibroma vs neuroma , geographic tongue, median rhomboid

glossitis

(FIBROMA)
 Geographic tongue:

Median rhomboid glossitis:

285)        Digoxin+ diuretic  
 Diuretics like furosemide (Lasix) effectively reduce fluid

retention and may cause low potassium and magnesium

levels at the same time. Even a moderate potassium change

can induce digoxin toxicity; symptoms of toxicity include

agitation, hallucinations, dizziness, nausea and blurry vision.

Without treatment, digoxin toxicity may lead to heart failure

and low blood pressure emergencies.

286)         Hypertension stages

287)  Pt is having all crowns n implants - she is confused hw to take

oral hygiene- ask her to watch video on oral hygiene, give

chlorhexidine mouth wash

288) Tongue tie - pt with denture what problem she will face

popular licensure question

289) wine 2 glasses question- he shouldn’t perform treatment after

boozing

290) doctor angry with pt.-but put it on assistant - transference

291)ethics - when pt. ask for extract all teeth to give CD but he is

having good teeth- non maleficence, beneficence

292) Smoker pt what not to give for smoking cessation - smokeless

tobacco

293)        Diagnosis suppurative periodontitis

294)   To diagnose class 1,2,3 not from pics of molars but from lat

ceph but they do particular ask about angle classification

without molar pictures

295)          Transillumination:-  Applications for fiber-optic

transillumination include: its use as an adjunctive diagnostic

aid for anterior and posterior interproximal caries and occlusal

caries diagnosis; detection of calculus; evaluation of stained

margins of composite resins; evaluation of cusp fractures and

cracked teeth; as an exploration tool to illuminate endodontic

access and root canal orifices within the pulp chamber of teeth

during endodontic treatment; as a tool for improved evaluation

of soft-tissue lesions; for evaluation of all-ceramic restorations

to rule out any fractures before cementation; for clinical

evaluation of fracture and craze lines in all-ceramic

restorations and natural teeth; and for evaluation of depth of

extrinsic staining to determine appropriate treatment

recommendations.1

296)How to change hue- add the color orange

297)Histamine cause except-

298)If pt very anxious - what to give a day before when he is coming

in for treatment- Diazepam

299)Pt is taking so many medication- TCA,smoking cessation-what

will affect oral hygiene - xerostomia

300) Pt is interested in smoking cessation- how will u help except -

some motivational interview

301)16 yr old pt- lost per 1st molar- resin Fpd, implant

302)Fluoride supplements at what age start

 303)Pregnancy pain killer safe- Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

304)Turner hypoplasia-

Turner's hypoplasia is an abnormality found in teeth. Its

appearance is variable, though usually is manifested as a portion of
missing or diminished enamel on permanent teeth. Unlike other
abnormalities which affect a vast number of teeth, Turner's hypoplasia
usually affects only one tooth in the mouth and, it is referred to as a
Turner's tooth.
If Turner's hypoplasia is found on a canine or a premolar, the most
likely cause is an infection that was present when the primary (baby)
tooth was still in the mouth. Most likely, the primary tooth was
heavily decayed and an area of inflamed tissues around the root of the
tooth (called a periapical inflammation), affecting the development of
the permanent tooth. The appearance of the abnormality will depend
on the severity and longevity of the infection
If Turner's hypoplasia is found in the front (anterior) area of the mouth,
the most likely cause is a traumatic injury to a primary tooth. The
traumatized tooth, which is usually a maxillary central incisor, is
pushed into the developing tooth underneath it and consequently
affects the formation of enamel. Because of the location of the
permanent tooth's developing tooth bud in relation to the primary
tooth, the most likely affected area on the permanent tooth is the
facial surface (the side closer to the lips or cheek). White or yellow
discoloration may accompany Turner's hypoplasia. Enamel hypoplasia
may also be present.
Turner's hypoplasia usually affects the tooth enamel if the trauma
occurs prior to the third year of life. Injuries occurring after this time
are less likely to cause enamel defects since the enamel is already
calcified.
The same type of injury is also associated with the dilaceration of a
tooth.

305) Randomized clinical trial - to reduce bias

306) Aspirin toxicity- Treatment may include activated charcoal,

intravenous sodium bicarbonate with dextrose and potassium

chloride, and dialysis. Giving dextrose may be useful even if

the blood sugar is normal.[2] Dialysis is recommended in those

with kidney failure, decreased level of consciousness,

blood pH less than 7.2, or high blood salicylate levels.[2] If a

person requires intubation, a fast respiratory rate may be

required.

307)EDTA - chelating agent

    Day -2 - pt with so many different medications even you haven’t

heard some of them but they gonna ask u questions related to the

main one.  Pharma- mostly moa of drugs n some basic interactions

308)Pt ask not to tell my family about cancer- Autonomy

309)Pt is hypoglycemia, 1st thing to check if he is unconscious

310) Asthma pt - what’s important -has to get asthma inhaler

311) What the pt can have if she is using beclomethasone Inhaler -

 candidiasis

22nd and 23rd of Jan.

312)-Mucocele - due to trauma

313)-Mucous retention cyst - due to plugs

314)-Exostosis- formation of new bone on the surface of the bone

this may lead to severe chronic pain.

315)-Subman infection spreads to mediastinum

316)-LA calculation

2%=20 mg of lidocaine

2 carpule = 1.8 × 2= 3.6

Then 20 mg × 3.6= 72 mg

If the question was in 1 carpule the answer was 20mg ×

1.8=36 mg 

317)-When does teeth start showing tetracycline stains ? Prenatal, at

birth , 3 years , 6 years

318)-Burs used for different finish lines. Chamfer. - round end tapered

319)-Description of a dark blue lesion - cavernous hemangioma or

amalgam tattoo

320)-Location of pier abutment- a natural tooth located between

terminal abutments to support the prosthesis

321)-Minimum clearance for occlusal rest- 2mm clearance

322)-Difference between crystalline and amorphous .their melting

points atomic range

 323)-Description of a lesion (except question) - I chose verruca

vulgaris out of herpes, pemphigus, and pemphigoid

324)-Which pulp horn is exposed first of primary man molar ? Mesial

of 1, distal of 1, mesial of 2, distal of 2

325)-Emergency drug for bronchospasm and something else.. I think

we discussed epi on the group

326)-Stannous floured mouthwash for medically compromised

patients

327)-10% chor varnish best use

- 2 - 3 questions on endocarditis prophy - needed in aortic

valve replacement and the dosage and all

328)bulls eye lesions- erythema multiforme

329)Topical agent for Perio disease- iodine; chlorexidine

330)Rheumatoid arthritis - oral manifestations

the main oral manifestations of Rheumatoid arthritis patients

were angular cheilitis, candida infection, temporomandibular

joint disorder, oral ulceration, and xerostomia. In old

diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients, the percentages of

oral ulcerations, temporomandibular joints, and xerostomia

was significantly higher than in newly diagnosed rheumatoid

arthritis patients. While the percentage of angular chilitis and

candidial infections in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis

patients was significantly higher than in old (previously)

diagnosed patient.

331). Pierre robin syndrome-Congenital condition that affect lower jae

and palape.3 main features include CLEFT PALATE,UNDER DEVELOP
LOWER JAW(RETROGNATHIA),GLOSSOTOSIS(AIRWAY BLOCK BY
BACK FLOW OF TONGUE),cause is unknown but believe to be change
in mutation in DNA.

332). Taurodontism occur in which stage of tooth development-During

apposition and histodifferentiation of enamel formation

333). Cafe au lait spot-This are macules, flat, pigmented mark it is

often harmless but associated with neuroblastomatosis type 1 and
Mccune albright syndrome

334). MCcune albright syndrome-It is triad include cafe au liat

spot,polystatic fibrous dysplasia,endocrinopathy.It occur dur to
missense mutation that activate gene coding Gs protein alpha subunit

335). Cetirizine side effect-It is antihistamine used to relieve allergy

symptoms like watery eye,runing nose, swelling caused by hives
etc..,MOA-It work by blocking histamine that your body make during
allery reaction. SIDE EFFECT -Drowsiness, excessive tiredness, dry
mouth, stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, contraindicated in pregnancy
and breast feeding.

336).ALARA-AS LOW AS REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE used for radiation

safty.MAIN PRINCIPLE associated with this based on
TIME,DISTANCE,SHIELDING

337) .KENNEDYS CLASSIFICATION-

338).Periapical cemento osseous dysplasia-Benign
lesion,asymptomatic,which fibrous tissue is replace by normal bone
tissue. More frequent occur in women of black race above 40
yrs,lesion is single or multiple do not involved in alteration to
periodontal tissue. LESION SITE-Mandibular anterior root apex but
teeth remain vital. Radiologically-Radiolucency around 10cm or more
which became calcified mass

Peripheral ossifying fibroma-Benign swelling of gums seen in young

adult. It derived from cells of pdl, usually classified as reactive
hyperplasia sometimes benign neoplasm. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS-
Gingival color changes from red to pink, frequent ulceration, it can be
sessile or pedunculated with size less than 2mm.it occur only in
gingiva more often in max than mandible frequently in area around
incisor and canine adjacent side are not affected. TREATMENT-
Surgical removal of lesion down to bone

339).Peripheral gaint cell granuloma-It is overgrowth of tissue due to

irritation or truma which is associated with other two diease such as
pyogenic granuloma,peripheral ossifying fibroma in giniva.SYMPTOMS-
COLOUR from RED TO BLUSIH PURPLE,but more blue compare to
pyogenic granuloma,sessile or pedunculated size less than
2mm,OCCUR more in female age 50-60 yrs,only in gingiva or edentolus
alvelor ridges,more in man than in maxilla,sometimes underlying
alvelor bone destory leaving uniqe apprance called “CUPPING
RESORPTION” OR “SAUCERIZATION”.DIAGNOSIS-Microscoply multiple
gaint cell with dozen of nuclei,ulceration present.TREATMENT-Surgical
removal of lesion down to bone and adjcent teeth requir SRP

340) .PROPONAL ALTER TASTED SENSATION -true

341) ALZEMERS DIEASE drug MECHANISM OF ACTION-A progressive

diease destory memory and other mental function.SYMPTOMS-
Memory loss,confusion in evening hour,difficult in thinking and
understanding.TREATMENT-DRUG CHOLINESTERASE
INHIBITOR.MECHANISM OF ACTION-IT is competitive inhibitor whivh
breakdown ACH at cholinergic synpase(sodium and potassium ion
channel)and the termination of cholinergic neurotransmission.

342).Warfarin theraphy stop before 2days-Warfarin is oral

anticoagulant used to prevent thromboembolic episodes.Stopping
warfarin 2days before extraction,reducing warfarin dose,continuing
warfrain and measuring INR with and replaceing warfarin with low
molecular weight heparin.

343).Metabolic disorder except-

344). Perio prognosis is better for pulpal necrosis leading to perio or

perio diseases leading to pulp necrosis-???
345).Hematoma VS Hemangioma which has blanced??Hemangioma
has blanched appearance.

346) Effective only against anerobes-Metronidazole

347).Contents of feldspathic-

348).Lot of question on dental materials-

349).Question on dental materal chemical reaction-

350).Cement used in porcelain veneer-Composite resin luting cement

to veener and place onto tooth in inciso gingival direction

351) Radiograph showing radiopaque wavy lines-resin

352) Thyroid theraphy-ans-radioactive iodine

353) Ectodermal dysplasis-Caused by alter in genes. SYMPTOMS-Thin

scalp hair, vision defect, cleft lip,inablity to sweat,discoloured nail,
peeling skin, abnormal teeth.

354).Treatment of OKC but wasn’t direct first need to find what lesion
ie.OKC from question and need to ans for treatment plan-

Wide surgical excision to remove the whole cyst lining

Curettage involving excision and scraping out cavity
Carnoy”s solution fixative(ethanol,chloroform and acetic acid)which
used in conjuction with excision and curretage

355).Odontodysplasia-GHOST TOOTH-Rare developmrnt anamoly

affecting the teeth with unknown etiology.involving hard tissue of
teeth that derive from both epthelial(enamel)and mesenchymal (dentin
nd cementum) component of the tooth forming apparatus

356).QUESTION ON ROOT PERFROATION,PAIN ON BITING AND ROOT

FRACTURE

357).Loss of attachment in given case due to vertical root fracture

358).Picture of inflammed minor salivary gland due to smoking

359).Precomtemplation question on smoking but was not direct-
(image above)

360). Controlled substance ACT contain which drug EXCEPT- BELOW

IMAGE ARE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ACT DRUG.

361.Drug addict person-pain relief medication

362.Loss of attahment definition-It is sign of distructive periodontal

diesase.It refer to the pathological detachhment of collagen fibers
from cemental surface with concomitant apical migration of junctional
or pocket epithelium onto root surface
363.Indirect pulp theraphy definition-AN alternative to pulptomy in
primary teeth.This involves one appoinment that carious dentin left
over the pulp exposure and placement of sealing base and sealing final
restoration

364.LOT OF Pharm que like drug MOA,adverse effect, drug reaction,

pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic etc...Do mental dental
vedio,tufts pharm,dd ,,files but they dint have any this concept que..lot
of que on microsomal and non microsomal enzyme and oxidation

365).Host modulation-Doxycycline

366).PMMA reaction basics-3 stages of combustion,1st PMMA

decomposed to produced monomer methyl methacrylate(MMA),2nd
monomer MMA decomposes to generate small gaseous molecules that
are usually combustible.finally,theses molecule undergo combustion

367). Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor-It is

benign,painless,noninvasive and slow growing tumor often
misdiagnosed with ODINTOGENIC cyst. It arising from enamel organ or
dental lamina.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS-located 2/3rd in anterior maxilla and 1/3rd in

anterior mandible,2/3rd associated with impacted tooth(canine mostly)

DIAGNOSIS-Radiolucency around unerupted tooth extent to CEJ

TREATMENT-Enucleation(Surgical removal of mass without cutting

into or dissecting it)

368).Xerostomia pilocarpine-used to treat dry mouth due to immune

diease(sjogren syndrome),salivary gland damage due to radiation in
cancer treatment.PILOCARPINE-belong to class cholinergic
agonist.MOA-Stimulate nerve to increase salivary flow.
369).Erythema migrans-Rash seen in early stage of lyme diease and
southern tick associated rash illness.IN ORAL CAVITY-GEGROPHIC

TONGUE,STOMATATIS AREATA MIGRIAN are often identified by

examination.

370)Gingival hyperplasia drug-Drug induced gingival over growth is

due to drun included-Anticonvulsant(Phenytoin),Immunosuppressant
(Cyclosporin A),Calcium channal blockers(Nifedipine,verapamil)

371).Resceptors-????????

372).Multiple myloma symptoms-BONE PAIN(1st symptom)

Fever and sweating; Frequent infection

Easy brusing or bleeding Trouble in
breathing Weakness and fatigue
Weight loss

373).Dementia-Short term memory loss

374).Read about drug mechanism of action

380).Protective stabilization where to use-Should be used only when
less intervention are not effective

381).If you think drug cause serious problem where to report?FDA or

CDA??shlould call 911 or your health care profession report to FDA

382.Which muscle close the tongue-MUSCLES OF MASTICATION

Closing tongue doesn’t make any sense


383. -Common fungal infection? Histoplasmosis, candidiasis,
blastomatosis



384. -Lesion at the basement membrane? Pemphigoid, pemphigoid,
erosion lichen planus



385.  -Reduction of the crown should look like? Flat and round, follow
occlusal morphology



386. -As you get older, people lose which teeth first due to
periodontitis? Max molar, Man molar



387. -bulimia? Caucasian women, Caucasian men, black men, black
women

388. -Heparin? PTT, PT



389. -Naloxone: completive antagonist? Opoid



390. -Provisional for veneer? Bis-cryl, methyl methacrylc, composite,
shell



391. -got a patient who currently prescribed penicillin V for pain. He
has a heart condition and need prophylaxis before procedure begin.
which prophylaxis should you use? Amoxicillin 2g or clindamycin
600mg


392. -A tooth was root canal treated and there was a small
radiolucency under the apex. After 4 years it is still there. What do you
think it is? Apical scar, apical cyst, forgot other choices



393. -Which experimental design would you use to study gastric
bypass and nutrition? Cohort, randomized clinical trial, observational



394. -primary stability of implant osteo integration is? Patient health
status, primary stability of the implant



395. -you give an IA nerve block and the needle inserted medially from
the pterygo raphe. Which two muscles involved? medial pterygoid,
superior constrictor, buccinator



396. -children with congenital heart defect seem emotionally and
physically dependent because? limit physical abilities..., parents
overly protective, hospitalized frequently…



397. -Coronal caries effect least on which tooth? Max molar, mand
molar, max central, man central



398. -Coronal cares affect most on which tooth? Max molar, mand
molar, max premolar, man premolar



399. -Patient has a deep carious, non-restorable #23 and the dentist
recommended extraction. No medical history. The patient’s spouse
told the dentist that the patient has frequent urination, thirst, hunger
and lost a lot of weight recently. What is the recommendation for the
treatment?

Extract #23 with local anesthesia,

 refer to the periodontist,

Refer to physician



400. -How many % of adults have herpes simplex virus? 20-30%,
50-80%, 100%



401. -calcific metamorphosis ? internal root resorption, external root
resorption, something else

Deposition of dentin in tooth after trauma


402. -sterilize plastic instruments using? glutaraldehyde, phenol,

alcohol..



403. -a pt has deep pocket depth, which procedure would preserve the
gingiva? split palatal, apical positioned flap, lateral position flap,
gingivectomy



404. -contraindication of root canal therapy? HIV, leukemia, recent MI



405. -Which facial space does infection of Lugwig NOT travel to?
Submental, Sub mandibular, sublingual, retropharyngeal



406) -maxillary artery is from which branch? internal carotid, external
cortical artery



407). -Development of cleft lip? 2-3weeks, 6-9weeks, 12-15 weeks,
18-21 weeks



408). - You observed the a child was very upset going to the dentist
due to a past experience at another medical office. What it is?
Association, modeling..
409)You observed the a child was very upset going to the dentist due
to a past experience at another medical office. What it is? Association,
modeling..



410. -Amantadine is an? antivirus, antifungal…



411. -optimal periodontal maintenance is in ? 1 month, 3 month, 6, 12
months



412. -characteristics of body dysmorphic disorder



413. -common sign of mandibular fracture? trismus, paresthesia



414. -symptoms of thyroid storm versus anaphylaxic shocks –

Thyroid storm-high temperature, fast heart rate, nausea, vomiting,

confusion, perspiration, diarrhea.

Anaphylaxis-low BP, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate




415. What is component in alginate that react with calcium n give the
desired working time. Trisodium phosphate.



416. what is effect of post in post n core:

. Ferrule effect

Retention of core ( i chose)

Other choices don’t remember.



417. what is the factor that prvent the fracture of tooth with post n
core:

A. Reaking tooth structure ( i chose this)

B. Post length

C. Post width


418. clinic closed for 2 weeks what is best course of action. NOT
SURE

Leave without pay

Termination

Non patient care dental practice

Part time job

 

419. what is behavior shapping: 

420. child had multiple vist to clinic, after multiple visit what is cause
of objective fear:

Previous dental experience

421) what antibiotic for mycoplasma

Bacitracin

Penicillin

Clarithromycin (ans)

because mycoplasma are acellular organisms, penicillin and bacitracin

inhibit cell wall synthesis so cannot be useful for mycoplasma

422)simple diagnosis for asymptomatic apical periodontitis,

irreversible pulpitis.

423)Pic of pt had untreated cavities n cavitation with small swelling on

gum ,asked what was it? Parulis

424) what is parulis associated with ?

parulis is a gumboil with erythematous papule on alveolar processs

associated with non vital tooth and accompanying dental abcess made
of granulation tissue
425) initial dose of epinephrine in anaphylactic shock:

0.3 mg (ans)

0.003 mg

30 mg

426) i had an opg ,pt hd a lesion in maxillary sinus had no pain. What
was diagnosis?

Chronic maxillary sinusitis

Antral Retention pseudocyst (ans)

427) yellow painless hard bony swelling in floor of mouth. Diagnosis

Calcified lymphoepithelial cyst

Siaalolith

428) all muscles have attachment at mandible ramus excpet:

Lateral pterygoid (ans)

Medial pterygoid

Masseter

429)other name for eosinophilic granuloma: langerhan cell

histiocytosis

430)what is the structure at root of maxillary tooth:

Maxillary sinus

Zygoma ( i chose this)

431)what causes steep mandibular plane angle?

Increase vertical growth pattern with increase lower facial

height( ans)

Deep overbite with increased lower facial height

432)when we do molar uprighting what occurs:

Lack of Anchorage

Mesial movement of molar(ans)

Distal movement.

433)While access preparation if u move the bur mesial or dial

perforation of what tooth occur?

Maxillary first premolar( i chose this but dont know)

Mand molar

434)flossing doesn’t not clean the proximal surface of which tooth?

Mesial Maxillary first premolar(ans)

Distal of max lateral incisor

425)pt was had depression n hypertension which antidepressant with

propanol will cause severe increase in blood pressure:
Imipramine (ans)

Fluoxetine

426)which of following describe extent of periodontitis:

Chronic

Localized (ans)

427) gingival enlargement occur in all of following except:

Gingivostomatitis

Desquamative gingivitis

Leukemia

Pregnancy

428)50 pound pt, how many cartridge of lidocaine

2 (ans)

429) opioid doesn’t cause

Somnolence

Peripheral pain inhibition

Constipation
All these are effects of opioids

430)pt recently diagnosed with Alzheimer what will u do: call someone
related to the patient and let them know the treatment plan

431)what treatment for tmj?

Splinting only

432)common site of salivary gland tumor?

Palate minor salivary gland

Parotid (ans)

433)hyperventilation symptoms

Bradypnea

Dizziness n lightheadedness (ans)

434) Down syndrome all except:

Delayed eruption

Macroglossia

Epicanthal fold

Short stature

All these are symptoms

435)what is symptom of MI:

Pain , ECG abnormalities, elevated serum enzymes

Pain, frictional rub, elevated CPK

436)CI for endodontic treatment

Diabetes

uncontrolled hypertension (ans)

437)what is wheezing: high pitched whistling sound made while

breathing seen in asthma, chronic bronchiolitis, COPD, upper
respiratory infections and even seen in seasonal allergies on
auscultation an exhalation sound is heard that pops open n close
Occur due to flow of ir in narrow bronchi.

438)Trismus in which space: sub massetric space ???

439)Propanolol interacts with- LA or epi to cause bradycardia

440)Recent studies cannot prove perio due to-

smoking

vit def (ans)

 441)A c t i n i c cheliltis= loss of vdo

442)•Symptoms of acute herpetic gingivitis

tender sores on the gums or insides of cheeks (like canker

sores, they are grayish or yellow on the outside and red in
the center)
bad breath.
fever.
swollen, bleeding gums.
swollen lymph nodes.
drooling, especially in young children.
a general feeling of being unwell (malaise)

443)•Warty and cauliflower? Hpv,verruca vulgaris

444)•Oligodontia? Oligodontia is a rare genetic disorder

which represents the congenital absence of more

than six teeth in primary, permanent or both

dentitions

445)A OT: A d e n o m a t o i d o d o n t o g e n i c t u m o r  ( A OT ) i s a

rare  tumor  of epithelial origin comprising 3% of all

the odontogenic tumors. It is a benign, painless, noninvasive,

 and slow-growing lesion, with a relative frequency of 2.2-13%

and often misdiagnosed as an  odontogenic  cyst on clinical

examination.Two thirds of cases are located in the

anterior  maxilla, and one thir d are present in the

anterior mandible

Two thirds of the cases are associated with an impacted

tooth
Radiographs  will exhibit faint flecks of radiopacities surrounded

by a radiolucent zone

446)Xerostomia pilocarpine Pilocarpine is a medication

used to reduce pressure inside the eye and treat

dry mouth. As eye drops it is used to manage angle

closure glaucoma until surgery can be performed,

ocular hypertension, primary open angle glaucoma,

and to bring about constriction of the pupil

following its dilation.

447)Erythema migrans (description) is an expanding

rash often seen in the early stage of Lyme disease,

Lyme disease is the most

common vector-borne disease in the United States.

 Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium  Borrelia

bur gdorferi  and rarely,  Bor relia mayonii. It

is  transmitted  to humans through the bite of

infected blacklegged ticks.

Typical symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue,

and a characteristic skin rash called erythema

migrans. If left untreated, infection can spread to

joints, the heart, and the nervous system. Lyme

disease is diagnosed based on symptoms, physical

findings (e.g., rash), and the possibility of exposure

to infected ticks.

448)Gingival hyperplasia drugs Drug-induced gingival

overgrowth is a side effect associated principally

with 3 types of dr ugs: anticonvulsant

(phenytoin),  immunosuppressant  (cyclosporine A),

and v a r i o u s  calcium channel

blockers (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem

449)Re c e p t o r s ( E p i n o t e p i ) E p i n e p h r i n e  i s a

sympathomimetic catecholamine that exerts its

pharmacologic effects on both alpha and beta-

adrenergic  receptors  using a G protein-linked

second messenger system. It has a greater affinity

for beta  receptors  in small doses. However, large

doses produce selective action on alpha receptors

450)Multiple myeloma first symptom (bone pain)

451)Dementia: short term memory loss

452)Protective stabilization where to use Protective

stabilization is a method to immobilize or reduce

the ability of a patient to move his or her arms,

legs, body or head freely. There are a variety of

forms and levels. For instance, if a pediatric dentist

uses active immobilization, she might ask the

parent to hold the child in their lap and use their

arms to hug and stabilize the child. If a pediatric

dentist uses passive stabilization, she might use a

“wrap” or “blanket” to stabilize the child’s arms

and legs, similar to the way a car seat stabilizes a

child in a moving vehicle. Because every child is

different, a wide range of choices exist and

pediatric dentists always choose the least

restrictive method that is appropriate and best for

each patient.

453)If you think the drug causes serious problem,

should report to? FDA, CDA

454)Which muscle closes the tongue? Genioglossus,

hypoglossal

455)-Common fungal infection? Histoplasmosis,

candidiasis, blastomatosis

456)-Lesion at the basement membrane? Pemphigoid,

pemphigoid, erosion lichen planus

457)Reduction of the crown should look like? Flat and

round, follow occlusal morphology

458)As you get older, people lose which teeth first due

to periodontitis? Max molar, Man molar

459)bulimia? Caucasian women, Caucasian men, black

men, black women

460)Heparin? PTT, PT

461)Naloxone: completive antagonist? Opoids

Naloxone  is a non-selective and competitive opioid receptor

antagonist. It works by reversing the depression of the

central nervous system and respiratory system caused by

opioids

462)- P r o v i s i o n a l f o r v e n e e r ? B i s - c r y l , m e t h y l

methacrylc, composite, shell

463)got a patient who currently prescribed penicillin V

for pain. He has a heart condition and need

pr ophylaxis befor e pr ocedur e be gin. W hich

prophylaxis should you use? Amoxicillin 2g or

clindamycin 600mg

464)A tooth was root canal treated and there was a

small radiolucency under the apex. After 4 years it

is still there. What do you think it is? Apical scar,

apical cyst, forgot other choices

465)-Which experimental design would you use to study

gastric bypass and nutrition? Cohort, randomized

clinical trial, observational

 466)primary stability of implant osteointegration is?

Patient health status, primary stability of the

implant

467)you give an IA nerve block and the needle inserted

medially from the pter ygo raphe. Which two

muscles involved? Medial pter yroid, superior

constrictor, buccinator

468)-children with congenital hear t defect seem

emotionally and physically dependent because?

Limit physical abilities..., parents overly protective,

hospitalized frequently

469)-Coronal caries effect least on which tooth? Max

molar, mand molar, max central, man central

471)Coronal caries affect most on which tooth? Max molar,

mand molar, max premolar, man premolar

472) -Patient has a deep carious, non-restorable #23 and the

dentist recommended extraction. No medical history. The

patient’s spouse told the dentist that the patient has

 frequent urination, thirst, and hunger and lost a lot of weight

recently. What is the recommendation for the treatment?

Extract #23 with local anesthesia,

Refer to the periodontist,

Refer to physician

473) -How many % of adults have herpes simplex virus? 20-30%,

50-80%, 100%

474) -calcific metamorphosis ? Internal root resorption, external

root resorption, something else

475) -sterilize plastic instruments using? Glutaraldehyde, phenol,

alcohol..

476) -a pt has deep pocket depth, which procedure would

preserve the gingiva? Split palatal, apical positioned flap,

lateral position flap, gingivectomy

477) -contraindication of root canal therapy? HIV, leukemia,

recent MI

478) -Which facial space does infection of Lugwig NOT travel to?

Submental, Sub mandibular, sublingual, retropharyngeal

479) -maxillary artery is from which branch? Internal carotid,

external cortical artery

480) Development of cleft lip? 2-3weeks, 6-9weeks, 12-15 weeks,

18-21 weeks

481) You observed a child was very upset going to the dentist

due to a past experience at another medical office. What it

is? Association, modeling.

482) -Amantadine is an? Antivirus, antifungal.

483) -optimal periodontal maintenance is in ? 1 month, 3 month, 6,

12 months

484) -char acteristics of body dysmor phic disor der Body

dysmorphic disorder is a mental health disorder in which you

can't stop thinking about one or more perceived defects or

flaws in your appearance — a flaw that appears minor or

can't be seen by others. But you may feel so embarrassed,

ashamed and anxious that you may avoid many social

situations

What causes BDD?

 abuse or bullying.
low self-esteem.
fear of being alone or isolated.
perfectionism or competing with others.
genetics.
depression, anxiety or OCD.
The most common treatment plan for body dysmorphic
disorder is a combination of psychotherapy and medication.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been found to be the
most effective at treating BDD and antidepressant
medications have also been shown to help individuals coping
with this disorder.

485) -common sign of mandibular fracture? Trismus, paresthesia

486) -symptoms of thyroid storm versus anaphylaxic shocks -

Thyroid storm-high temperature, fast heart rate, nausea,

vomiting, confusion, perspiration, diarrhea. Anaphylaxis-low

BP, difficulty breathing, fast heart rate

487) *What is component in alginate that react with calcium n

give the desired working time. Trisodium phosphate.

488) ***what is effect of post in post n core:

Ferrule effect

Retention of core
489) What is the factor that prevent the fracture of tooth with

post n core:

breaking tooth structure

Post length

Post width

490) Clinic closed for 2 weeks what is best course of action.

Leave without pay

Termination

Non patient care dental practice

Part time job

491) What is behavior shaping

492) Child had multiple visit to clinic, after multiple visit what is

cause of objective fear:

Previous experiences

From parents

493) ***what antibiotic for mycoplasma

Bacitracin

Penicillin

Clarithromycin
494) ** pic of pt. had untreated cavities n cavitation with small

swelling on gum ,asked what was it? Parulis

495) ** initial dose of epinephrine in anaphylactic shock:

0.3 mg

0.003 mg

30 mg

496) I had an opg ,pt. had a lesion in maxillary sinus had no pain.

What was diagnosis?

Chronic maxillary sinusitis

Antral Retention pseudocyst

497) Yellow painless hard bony swelling in floor of mouth.

Diagnosis

Calcified lympho epithelial cyst

Siaalolith

498) ** * all muscles have attachment at mandible ramus except:

Lateral pterygoid

Medial pterygoid

Masseter
 499) Other name for eosinophilic granuloma: Langerhans cell

histiocytosis

500) What is the structure at root of maxillary tooth:

Maxillary sinus

Zygoma

501) What causes steep mandibular plane angle?

Increase vertical growth pattern with increase lower facial height

Deep overbite with incread3 lower facial height

502) When we do molar up righting what occurs:

Lack of Anchorage

Mesial movement of molar

Distal movement.

503) . On day 2 try to be as conservative in treatment as possible but

in some question they gonna ask you best treatment - diastema t/t-
crown, veneer, composite

504). Some pt management even in day 2

505). Pt ask not to tell my family about cancer- autonomy

506). Basic signs n symptoms-Asthma, hypertension, hypoglycemia,

shock, penicillin allergy

507). Pt is hypoglycemia, 1st thing to check if he is unconscious

508). Asthma pt - what’s important -must get asthma inhaler

509). What the pt can have if she is using beclomethasone Inhaler -
candidiasis

DISHA’S – 22 AND 23 JANUARY

510). Combination syndrome features - tricky words. I almost thought

nothing matches

511). Mucocele - due to trauma

512). Mucous retention cyst - due to mucous plugs

513). Exostosis and Enostosis

Enostoses, also known as bone islands, are common benign sclerotic

bone lesion which usually represent incidental findings. They
constitute a small focus of compact bone within cancellous
bone. Enostoses can be seen on radiographs, CT, and MRI, and are
considered one of the skeletal “don’t touch” lesions.
Exostoses are defined as benign growths of bone extending outwards
from the surface of a bone. It can occur in any bone and be triggered
by several factors.

514). ALARA principle application on a patient-based radio Question

515). Kennedy’s classification identification on a cast

516).Peripheral ossifying fibroma - a gingival mass in which calcified

islands, presumed to be bone, are seen. The bone is found within a
non-encapsulated proliferation of plump benign fibroblasts.

The surface is often ulcerated.

517). Peripheral giant cell granuloma - The peripheral giant cell

granuloma has an unknown etiology, with some dispute as to whether
this lesion represents a reactive or neoplastic process. However, most
authorities believe the peripheral giant cell granuloma is a reactive
lesion. Local irritation due to dental plaque or calculus, periodontal
disease, poor dental restorations, ill-fitting dental appliances, or
dental extractions has been suggested to contribute to the
development of the lesion. They are seen exclusively in the gingiva,
usually in the area between the first molars and the incisors.
Peripheral giant cell granulomas typically present as red to blue broad-
based masses. They usually bleed easily, may occur at any age, and
tend to be seen more frequently in females than in males. (Source DD
13-14)

519). Propanolol - alters taste sensation

520).Radiograph with PSA seen in max sinus

521). Alzheimer's medications MOA – inhibit acetylcholinesterase

located near both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

522). Warfarin therapy stop before 2 days

523). Metabolic disorder except question

524). Perio prognosis is better for pulp necrosis leading to Perio Or

Perio disease leading to pulp necrosis

525).Hematoma vs hemangioma - which one can be Blanched .. More

on such red lesions

Ans - Hemangioma

526). Effective only against anaerobes - metronidazole

527). Cement used in porcelain veneer – light cured resin luting

cement

528). Radiograph showing radiopaque wavy lines - resin

529). Question on thyroid therapy - ans was radioactive iodine

530). Question on ectodermal dysplasia but the option given was

ectodermal hyperplasia .. So I got confused
531. Treatment of OKC but it wasn’t asked directly, I had to find from
the description that it was OKC and then choose a treatment

532. Odontodysplasia – Regional odontodysplasia - ghost teeth.

(enamel, dentin and pulp are all affected. Nonhereditary, eruption is
delayed or doesn’t occur)

533) Endo questions on root perforation, pain on biting and Root

fractures

534). Loss of attachment in a given case due to vertical root fracture

535). Day 2 has typical questions on calculating missing number of

teeth in a mixed dentition pano

536). Picture of inflamed minor salivary glands due to smoking – may

be nicotine stomatitis (inflamed minor salivary glands on palate).

537). Precomtemplation question on smoking but very twisted Words

538). Controlled substances ACT contains which drugs (except

question)
539). Drug addict person - pain relief medication

540). Loss of attachment definition - The loss of attachment is

determined by measuring the distance between the CEJ and the base
of the attachment.

541). Indirect pulp therapy definition

Indirect pulp caps are those procedures during which, at the first
appointment, all of the superficial carious dentin is excavated. The
caries that is estimated to be approximating a potential pulp exposure
is left in the tooth if it is still sufficiently healthy (i.e., affected - not
infected dentin). A pulp dressing is placed in the tooth for a
predetermined period of time (usually 6-12 months). At the second
appointment (after 6-12 months), all the carious material is excavated,
and the floor of the cavity is examined for pulp exposures. If no
exposures are seen and the tooth has been asymptomatic, the
treatment is considered successful and a permanent restoration is
placed. However, the single-appointment procedure has also gained in
popularity and is probably the most common approach in current use.
In the single-appointment approach, a permanent restoration is placed
at the first appointment, with periodic monitoring of the tooth. Calcium
hydroxide, hybrid ionomer materials, or glass ionomer materials are
often the dressings of choice for indirect pulp therapy. The filling
material is placed over the pulp dressing on the first appointment (e.g.,
composite, glass ionomer, hybrid ionomer, or amalgam). (Source DD
13-14)

542). Host modulation - doxycycline

543). PMMA reaction basics

544). very similar to this picture. Which sinus is not shown clearly?
Ethmoid


545). Which facial profile? Straight, convex, concave

546). How many cartridges of LA 2% lidocaine u can give to child 45
lbs

1. 1

2. 3

3. 6

4. 9

Ans is 2. (3 cartridge)

547). Patient has a deep carious, non-restorable #23 and the dentist
recommended extraction. No medical history. The patient’s spouse
told the dentist that the patient has frequent urination, thirst, hunger
and lost a lot of weight recently. What is the recommendation for the
treatment?

a) Extract #23 with local anesthesia,

b) Refer to the periodontist,

c) Refer to the physician

548). You give an IA nerve block and the needle inserted medially from
the pterygo raphe. Which two muscles involved? Medial pterygoid,
superior constrictor, buccinators

549). How many % of adults have herpes simplex virus? 20-30%,

50-80%, 100%

550). Sterilize plastic instruments using? Glutaraldehyde, phenol,

alcohol...

551)Amantadine is an? Antivirus for influenza A

552)Coronal caries effect least on which tooth? Max molar, mand
molar, max central, man central

553)Coronal cares affect most on which tooth? Max molar, mand

molar, max premolar, man premolar

554)Children with congenital heart defect seem emotionally and

physically dependent because? Limit physical abilities, parents
overly protective, hospitalized frequently...

555)A tooth was root canal treated and there was a small
radiolucency under the apex. After 4 years it is still there. What
do you think it is? Apical scar, apical cyst, forgot other choices

556)Which experimental design would you use to study gastric

bypass and nutrition? Cohord, randomized clinical trial,
observational

557)Calcific metamorphosis? Internal root resorption, external root

resorption, something else

558)Which facial space does infection of Lugwig NOT travel to?

Submental, Sub mandibular, sublingual, retropharyngeal

559)Optimal periodontal maintenance is in? 1 month, 3 month, 6, 12

months
 560)A pt has deep pocket depth, which procedure would preserve
the gingiva? Split palatal, apical positioned flap, lateral position
flap, gingivectomy

561)Contraindication of root canal therapy? HIV, leukemia, recent

MI

562)You observed the a child was very upset going to the dentist
due to a past experience at another medical office. What it is?
Association, modeling..

563)Primary stability of implant osteointegration is? Patient health

status, primary stability of the implant

564)Maxillary artery is from which branch? Internal carotid,

external cortical artery

565)Common sign of mandibular fracture? Trismus, paresthesia

566)Development of cleft lip? 2-3weeks, 6-9weeks, 12-15 weeks,

18-21 weeks

567)Characteristics of body dysmorphic disorder?

Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health disorder in which you
can't stop thinking about one or more perceived defects or flaws
in your appearance — a flaw that appears minor or can't be seen
by others. But you may feel so embarrassed, ashamed and
anxious that you may avoid many social situations.
Signs and symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder include:
! Being extremely preoccupied with a perceived flaw in
appearance that to others can't be seen or appears minor
 ! Strong belief that you have a defect in your appearance that
makes you ugly or deformed
! Belief that others take special notice of your appearance in
a negative way or mock you
! Engaging in behaviors aimed at fixing or hiding the
perceived flaw that are difficult to resist or control, such as
frequently checking the mirror, grooming or skin picking
! Attempting to hide perceived flaws with styling, makeup or
clothes
! Constantly comparing your appearance with others
! Frequently seeking reassurance about your appearance
from others
! Having perfectionist tendencies
! Seeking cosmetic procedures with little satisfaction
! Avoiding social situations

568)Symptoms of thyroid storm versus anaphylaxic shocks

Thyroid storm-high temperature, tachycardia, nausea, agitation,
confusion, sweating, diarrhea
Anaphylaxis-skin reaction such as hives, flushed skin or paleness,
wheezing difficulty breathing, weak and rapid pulse, nausea
vomiting and diarrhea,

569)If you think the drug causes serious problem, should report to?
FDA, CDA
570)Which muscle closes the tongue? Hyoglossus depresses the
tongue and genioglossus protrudes, and Stylo retrat and
palataoglossus elevate.
571)Common fungal infection? Histoplasmosis, candidiasis,
blastomatosis
572)Lesion at the basement membrane? Pemphigus, pemphigoid,
erosion lichen planus
573)Reduction of the crown should look like? Flat and round, follow
occlusal morphology
574)As you get older, people lose which teeth first due to
periodontitis? Max molar, Man molar
575)Bulimia? Caucasian women, Caucasian men, black men, black
women
576)Heparin? PTT, PT
577)Naloxone: completive antagonist? Morphine
578)Provisional for veneer? Bis-cryl, methyl methacrylc, composite,
Shell

24th and 25th January – Eylin Duran

579)Muscle that depress the tongue: genioglossus (also protrusion)

580)Which muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal except:
PALATOGLOSSOS (Vagus)?
581)Parkinson short memory loss T
582)Apexo, apexification definition. Apexogenessis for vital-
Apexification for non-vital
583)Pins for amalgam….secondary retention
584)Retention by tissue and resistance by implant……Retention by
implant-resistance by tissue
585)Appearance of lesion radiolucent and opaque: options where
Traumatic bone cyst….
586)Gingivectomy where is the incision made= Apical to base of
pocket
587)Geographic tongue in a pic (scroll up for the picture)
588)Hue: wavelength
589)Chroma: saturation
590)Most important value
591)Opioids side effects, what doesn't cause opioids 3 questions
592)CHIP: Child health insurance program= offers basic preventive
and diagnostic services ex. vaccinations
593)Curve of agonist graphic look for it in pharmacology from
mosbys.
594)Rheumatoid factor: Sjogren’s
595)In a lateral cephalometric which looks like a single mass? Sella
turcica
596)Ectodermal dysplasia characteristics: sparse hair, dystrophic
nails, hypodontia
597)Gardner: odontomas
598)Cleidocranial: multiple supernumeraries
599)Removable ortho appliance for child w bad oral hygiene/ T
600)Retention of partial fixed denture retainer most important
buccolingual, mesiodistal??
601)Denture s sound made when teeth are in contact
602)Efficacy
603)Pka > onset
604)All ceramic shoulder, Gold only bevel or not? Gold is light
chamfer
605)Occlusal prep should be flat and round? Should follow the
anatomy
606)Attachment loss calculation- MENTAL DENTAL;
607)Mode: most repeated number

608)Brushing technique better: charter, sulcular/Bass.

609)Bleaching tooth and then composite wait 1 week
610)Differentiates between apical abscess and periodontal
abscess…Pulp vitality
611)Leukotrienes> asthma
612)In an emergency respiration in minutes that you can give:
12-16, 20-26…
613)Gingko biloba> not w. Aspirin

614)Warthin’s tumor > parotid

615)Wharton duct> submandibular
616)Sialolith> submandibular
617)Opioids> cause xerostomia
618)Acidulated fluoride> 1.23%
619)Epilepsy most common in children> febrile
620)leukemia most common in children> ALL
621)Incidence case
622)Ear lobe in a picture
623)Pemphigoid description- hemidesmosomes
624)Most common congenitally missing> 3rd molar
625)Most common tooth w/ coronal caries. Man Molar
626)Red complex bacteria. P.gingivalis/T. Forsythia / T. Denticola
627)LAP bacteria. AA
628)Implants> hemidesmosomas
629)Bone morphogenic protein. Better Osteogenic properties
630)A delta fibers:

631)Case
w/ person w a dental crown and had something opaque in
marginal gingiva a month ago after cementation> Micro leakage
632)Pulpotomy kid bleeding doesn't stop after you remove coronal
pulp and put a cotton, what you can use to stop the bleeding?>
Formocresol, cotton, anesthesia…
633) Forcep for mand pm >151
634)Class II mod 1 angle (2 qs )

635)Kennedy clasiffication 2 pics

636)Semilunar flap for what teeth we use it? Anterior

637)Autologous graft for wide root defect
638)Sterilization technique that carve the instruments?
639)Collimation definition:
A collimator is a metallic barrier with an
aperture in the middle used to reduce the size
and shape of the X-ray beam, thereby also
reducing the volume of irradiated tissue in the
patient. Filtration and collimation of the X-
ray beam are important safety measures. Made
of LEAD…Most important is long rectangular.
640) What implant system will preserve bone crest….switching

platform

641)Which one is least affected by NSAID? A-Atenolol B-Losartan C-

Captopril D-Loop diuretic
Prophylaxis know your doses



642) Down’s syndrome

Trisomy 21 most common sub variety is : Non disjunction type

Clinical features: Short stature webbed neck simian crease frontal

bossing upslanting palpebrae low set ears

Early onset periodontitis low caries index

Delayed eruptions, malformed teeth, hypoplasia of midfacial region,

hypodontia, microdontia, macroglossia, fissured protruding tongue,
bruxism, mouth breathing, Heart defects, leukemia, hypothyroidism.





643) Primary tooth turns blue color why?

A.Internal bleeding in dentinal tubules

B.calicification

D/D Tetracycline staining causes blue Grey color

644)large Mod, pain after six months:-Tooth fracture


645) resistance and retention form of tooth?

Resistance form : Resistance of tooth and restoration to breakage

Retention form : Retention of restoration from dislodging forces

Primary resistance form : Flat pulpal floor box shaped preparation

rounded internal line angles

Primary retention form : Convergent walls occlusal dovetail

Secondary retention form : Retention grooves locks and pins

646).Gingival hyperplasia? Phenytoin was not in option


Carbamazepine

Amiloride.

C. Calcium Channel blockers

D. Valproic acid

E. All the above



647)sickle cell crisis and something related to dental

Oral manifestations: Mucosal pallor, yellow tissue discoloration,

delayed tooth eruption, disorders of enamel and dentin, malocclusion,
hyperecementosis, increased periodontal infections

648)Quesion on guided imagery

Guided imagery is a type of psychological technique using a pleasant

experience or a particularly soothing environment. By concentrating
on creating as much detail as possible, your mind becomes absorbed
in that rather than what the dentist is doing



649)question on lesion which looks like herpes on anterior palate.. It
comes

and go off periodically..

Herpangina

Apthous ulcer

650)patient having enlarged tongue..covered with soft masses only on

one

side of the tongue.

A.Neurofibromatosis

B.Sturge weber

651) New born with hard mass on Palate?

Palatal nodule

Epstein pearls
 

652)Oral cancer caused by

Hpv 31

Hpv16

Hpv8



653)Survey in school.. Most of them have mesio-proximal caries?
Trtmt..

Fluoride

B.mouth wash

Sealant

654)Pt. Was given LA first time, complains she has still pain. What
should be

considered when given second time?

A. Give LA with epinephrine

B. Without epinephrine.

C mepivacaine
What is not the feature of fetal alcohol syndrome? Long nose( this is
wrong)

655)Meperidine not given with what?

MAOIs

656)How to know pt. With NO oversedation?

A.Euphoria

B. Tingling fingers

C.Warmth in hands


657)What is not done in veneering?

A microabrasion

B bonding

C etching....

Four unit fpd.. And about pier abutment

 


Flame shaped bur no?



658)Drug for perio?

A.Tetracycline (increased drug concentration in gingival tissues)

B. Minocycline


NO overdose what will happen ?

A.Vision loss

659. The extent of the periodontitis is described in chronic

periodontitis (according to the 1999 AAP clasiification).

660: Desquamative gingivitis- sloughing

661. This questions had all of the effects of opioids which is

Somnolence (excessive sleepiness), peripheral pain inhibition and
constipation. SO ALL ARE CORRECT
662. Current Alzheimer's medications can help for a time with memory
symptoms and other cognitive changes. Two types of drugs are
currently used to treat cognitive symptoms: Cholinesterase inhibitors
and Memantine (Namenda): This drug works in another brain cell
communication network and slows the progression of symptoms with
moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.

663: Treatment For TMJ: Flat plane stabilization appliance, Traditional

anterior bite plane, Mini anterior appliances, Anterior repositioning
appliance, Neuromuscular appliance, Posterior bite plane appliances.

664) Common site for minor salivary gland: palate, common site for
major salivary gland : parotid

665). Bradypnea (abnormally slow rate) may be produced by, among

other causes, opioid administration, whereas tachypnea (abnormally
rapid rate) is seen with fever, fear (e.g., hyperventilation), and
alkalosis. ANS BRADYPNEA

666)Downs syndrome children and adults have all of the following:

epicanthal folds, short stature, macroglossia, delayed eruptiom.

667). Symptoms of MI : Pain, elevated serum enzyme, ECG

abnormalities.

668). Didn’t understand the question (CI for endodontic treatment)

669). Wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound made while you

breathe. It's heard most clearly when you exhale, but in severe cases,
it can be heard when you inhale.

670). Hypoglycemia symptoms: Confusion, abnormal behavior or both,

such as the inability to complete routine tasks, Visual disturbances,
such as blurred vision, Seizures, Loss of consciousness.

671). Shock signs: Cool, clammy skin, Pale or ashen skin, Bluish tinge
to lips or fingernails (or gray in the case of dark complexions), Rapid
pulse, Rapid breathing, Nausea or vomiting, Enlarged pupils, Weakness
or fatigue.
672).

673). To prevent hypersalivation (and reduce the potential for

laryngospasms), an anti-salivary agent, such as Atropine, is commonly
given in combination with Ketamine. In anesthesia: Robinul
(glycopyrrolate) Injectable is indicated for use as a preoperative
antimuscarinic to reduce salivary, tracheobronchial, and pharyngeal
secretions.

674. ACE inhibitors- ACE inhibitors produce vasodilation by inhibiting

the formation of angiotensin II.

675. Beta blockers in angina MOA- The therapeutic effect of beta

adrenoceptor blockers in angina pectoris can be ascribed to an
inhibition of beta1 receptor mediated stimulation of heart rate and
myocardial contractility, resulting in an improved oxygen supply-
demand balance in the myocardium.

676. Propanalol + epi which receptor works: Propranolol is a non-

selective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, or beta blocker; that is, it
blocks the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine
(noradrenaline) at both β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors.

677. vasoconstriction through α-receptors or vasodilation via β-

receptors. 1067.
 ******************

ADIOS

Last part was submitted like this!!

605. Trephination is?

Ans: Trephination is a procedure in which the alveolar cortical plate or the apical foramen is
surgically perforated in order to release accumulated tissue exudate. It is done to alleviate acute
pain caused by purulent material when drainage through root canal is not possible.

606. Osteotomy/tectomy
Ans: The surgical cutting of a bone or removal of piece of bone iscalled osteotomy.

607. Alveolplasty performed immediate or after extractions

Alveoloplasty is a surgical procedure used to recontour supporting bone . It is usually done
prior to the placement of dentures so that denture can fit properly. If alveoloplasty is done with
extractions , then surgical extractions are done first, then surgical flap is created by making an
incision along gum line and this flap provide great access to the alveolar bone, and then the bone
is shape down wherever is necessary.
608. Xylitol best form? Gum/spray/patch

609. Calculations sensitvity specify 2 qs

Ans: Sensitivity is defined as percent of person WITH the disease who are correctly classified as
having a diseae ( those who have the disease)
Sensitivity = (TP/TP+FN)100
TP= true positive, who have the disease
FN= false negative, those who are incorrectly classified as not having disease i.e. missed
diagnosis
Specificity:- it is defined as percent of persons WITHOUT the disease who are correctly
classified as not having a disease.
Specificity= (TN/TN+FP)100
TN= True negative = those who don’t have the disease
FP= False positive= those who don’t have the disease but are identified by the test.

610. Ohl which papillaÂ

611. Cementoblastoma pic

= Cementoblastoma

Cementoblastoma is a rare benign neoplasm of cementoblast origin

Age: 2nd -3rd decade, Site : more often mandible than maxilla, posterior than anterior
C/F: fused with root of tooth, tooth is vital, causes cortical expansion, low grade
intermittent pain. Radiographically : well circumscribed radiopaque lesion that replace root of a
tooth, surrounded by radiolucent ring. Tt: extraction of tooth. No reccurance.



612. Calcified carotid? Xray pic

!
613. Boggy gingiva diffuse ewings or leukemia young pt pic. Pt had bright red spongy gums

614. Best antiseizure in kids? Diazepam post trauma seizure

615. Which prep first in class 3? Which filled first?

Ans: Cavity with large lesion is prepared first and then with smaller lesion, and cavity with
smaller lesion is filled first and with larger lesion.
616. Pic with 4 dots over gums of centrals

617. Aggressive perio bacteria

Localized aggressive periodontitis: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
Generalized aggressive periodontitis : Porphyromonas gingivalis, tenerella forsythia
618. Best way to differentiate lesions cyst granuloma- biopsy

619. Incisional bipsy excisional biopsy measurements. Questions were like, best to use which for
diagnosis
Ans: Incisional biopsy: Removes only a portion of lesion along with a representation ofadjacent
normal tissue, if the area which needs investigation is larger than 1 cm, or at hazardous location,
or whenever there is great suspicion of malignancy
Excisional biopsy: Removal of entire lesion along with 2 mm of normal marginal tissue from the
sides of lesion. This is done with smaller lesions less than 1 cm in diameter and that on clinical
examination appear to be benign.

620. Firat pass metabolism absorbedin intestine or enterohepatic circulation

The first-pass metabolism or presystemic metabolism is a phenomenon of drug
metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug, specifically when administered orally,
is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation. It is the fraction of drug lost
during the process of absorption which is generally related to the liver and gut wall.
621. Day 2
622. Asa classifications. I had probably 3 questions on this
Class 1: Healthy person.
Class 2: Mild systemic disease.
Class 3: Severe systemic disease, but not incapacitating.
Class 4: Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.
Class 5: A moribund person who is not expected to live 24 hours regardless of operation.
Class 6 A declared brain-dead person whose organs are being removed for donor purposes.

623. Qs about teeth not even in arch so always check ALLLL the pics and don't get confused.
624. Worst perio prognosis? Furcation/mobility/7mm pocket
Ans: Furcation
625. Levothyroxine moa?
Ans: Triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and levothyroxine (T 4) diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to
thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates
gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins.

626. Best cement for temporary crowns-

Ans:- Temp bond. It is non eugenol temporary dental cement that will not inhibit the
polymerization of permanent resin cement and acrylic temporaries.

627. Pt came with diastema between two centrals and one of the central is rotated initial
treatment for this patient for correcting his diastema
Ans: derotating his centrals

628. 3 questions on efficacy and potency by asking which one of the above drug is showing more
efficacy (I remembered efficacy as taller,potency as faster onset)
Ans: Efficacy refers to number of receptors that must be activated to yield a maximal response. A
drug with high efficacy needs to stimulate only a small percentage of receptors whereas a drug
with lesser efficacy has to activate a larger proportion of receptors.
Potency is the relative concentration or two or more drugs that produce the same drug effect.
Potency is determined mainly by the affinity of the receptors for the drug. It is a comparative
term.
629. Pt with neuromas on his skin,half tongue swollen which disease
Neurofibromatosis

630. Pt with micrognathia,glossoptosis,cleft palates-

Pierre Robinson syndrome

631. Embrassure rest,I bar used on which side- mesial Always place the tip of I bar’s retentive
arm MESIAL to the greatest M-D curvature .
632. GIC does show fluoride release and one more advantage of GIC is –
It forms ionic bond with dentin and enamel
Good biocompatibility, Good thermal insulator, Thermal expansion is similar to tooth
structure. After initial setting low solubility in mouth.

633. East-west cryers elevator used for which tooth- mandibular molar roots
634. Thick viscous material to fluid this is know as- Thixotropic ( periodontal ligament has it )
Ans: thixotropy is a time dependent shear thinning property . certain gels or fluids that are thick
or viscous under static condition will flow over time when shaken , agitated, or stressed.

635. Width of attached Gingiva- options are tricky like mucogingival groove to vestibular
Phoenix,free mucosa to alveolar mucosa
Ans: Distance between mucogingival junction and projection on the external surface of the
bottom of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket.
636. To decrease penumbra- decrease object film distance.
Penumbra means the partially shaded outer region of shadow cast by an opaque object.
637. Two implant distance-3mm
638. Implant to tooth distance-1.5mm
639. Bioharzard waste regulation by- EPA (Enviornmental protection agency)
640. Abused child: local authorities o social services
641. Old person abuse-no DHHS ( doctor in human health services)
642. Antibiotic prophylaxis needed for- Artificial Aortic valve pt
643. Antibiotic for penicillin allergy pt- Clindamycin 600mg
644. Post operative sensitivity after perio surgery decreased by doing-plaque control
645. Percentage of fluoridation water in USA- 74%
646. Mucous retention cyst of lower lip minor salivary gland due to- trauma to the lip.
647. Hyperplastic tuberosity removed by which method- wedging technique ( distal wedge)
648. Tricyclic antidepressants mainly act on which receptor for depression-
These are considered to be drug of first choice for the treatment of unipolar
disorder(depression) . They inhibit the neuronal uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin receptor
in the brain.

649. Crown fits on die perfectly but not on pt tooth cause-

while trimming the die technician trimmed the finish
650. Taurodontism-morphodifferentiation
651. After applying benzocaine on mucosa pt became bluish and some other feathers I forgot
Ans: methemoglobinamia
652. Single one of aspirin action on platelet aggregation how long [time] 7-10 days

653. Cleft palate pt of 15years have underdeveloped maxillary even after surgeries what might be
the cause: Scar formation
654. Embrassure rest and I bar clasp work on which side: MESIAL
655. Pt with erupted 2 laterals palatally what might be the cause:
Ans: Retained deciduous lateral incisors.

656. -this is pale and told you that she is feeling unwell and faint what’ve is the cause: vasovagal syncope

657. Retrognatic mandible which ostectomy- sagittal (Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy )

658. Neutrophils <1,000-no surgery should be done on this patient

659. Pt with good maintenance visit now showing pocket depth>5mm- need skillful periodontist to remove the
calculus with curettes one more option was ultrasonic tip cant be that effective in removing the calculus below 5

660. Guided imaginary: Guided imagery is an extremely, effective, non-painful, inexpensive and easy mind-body
technique people can practice in advance of dental appointments for best results and can also listen to in the
waiting room and during dental procedures.

661. Crown fits on die perfectly but not on pt tooth cause- while trimming the die technician trimmed the finish line   
                                                                                                                                                  

662. C factor- bound to unbound surfaces

663. PMMA as a temporary crown- exothermic reaction

664. Marijuana effects except- increases appetite

665. 42. Main component of biological width-options junctional epthelium,                                                

666. 43. Which is not act on cell wall- azithromycin

667. 44. Metastasis to mouth from all except- brain

668. 45. Access opening of mandibular molar round bur directed towards-no option of pulp chamber dear options
Towards furcation,towards mesiobuccal,towards mesiolingual,towards distal orifice                                         

669. 46. Sailolith most common which duct- Wharton’s duct

670. 47. Vestibuloplasty which flap- supraperiosteal flap

671. 48. Single dose of aspirin effect on platelet aggression duration- I thought it mainly act on trombaxane A2 so it
will be 10hours

672. 49. Before surgery warfirin should be stopped till- 3 days (1-3 days)

673. 50. Change in taste sensation which drug- lorsartan(metallic taste)

674. 51. Strength of zirconia is due to- Phase transformation

675. 52. Position of teeth while talking-teeth doesn’t touch each other

676. 53. Pt who takes 30packets of cigarettes per year which stage he is in- pre-contemplation

677. 54. Chroma- Saturation, Hue- Wave length

678. 55. Natural characteristics of enamel at its Incisal edge- options that I was in between was opalescence

679. 56. Xylitol most effective- chewing gums

680. 57. Pictures of Lymphoepithelial cyst

681. 58. “ recurrent herpes

682. 59. “ sinus retention cyst

683. 60. “AOT X-ray

684. 61. Ear ring X-ray

685. 62. Mandibular tori X-ray

686. 63. Mediastinum space infection spreads from- Retropharyngeal space

687. 64. Guided bone graft best in - 3wall infrabony defect

688. 65. Kids heart rate- 110  (70 to 110 beats per minute)

689. 66. Dr said the pt to get change his amalgam filling with composite which ethics- Veracity

690. 67. Antibiotic used for- ANUG (other options herpengina,lichen planus, aphtus ulcer

691. 68. Gardner syndrome : multiple osteomas, cotton wool, supernumerary, café au late

692. 69. Micrognathia,cleft palate and glossoptosis- Pierre Robinson Syndrome

693. 70. Traumatic Neuroma

694. 71. Adrenocorticosteroids used for antiinflamatory and analgesic

695. 72. IAN didn’t work which accessory nerve- Mylohyoid

696. 73. 16 year old Pt says anaesthesia will go away very quickly which LA will you give – Benzocaine      74.
1cartridge no anaesthesia what to do before second dose- wait for 5 more min

697. 75. Digoxin work by +cardiac inotropic affect increases the force of contraction on cardiac muscle.

698. 76. Nitroglycerin work by- vascular smooth muscle relaxation

699. 77. Morphin work like- enkephalins

700. 78. Pear shape bur- 245, 330

701. 79. Nitrous oxide toxicity symptoms- nausea,tingling of fingers

702. 80. Microabrassion question

703. 81. Y line of Ennis X-ray- (nasal fossa&maxillary sinus)

704. 82. Restoration covering the cusp- Resistance form

705. 83. Picture of compound odontoma

706. 84. Safne bone cyst clinical features