Heritage Public School

Subject- S.St (Worksheet -3)

Class- X (Solved)
Chapter-1 Nationalism in Europe
Name:____________
____________________________________________________________
Answer the following:

1. Who followed the policy of Golden Mean?

a. Matternich b. Mazzini
c. Louis Philippe d. Duke of Orleans
Ans.(c) Louis Philippe

2. Who founded the revolutionary militia ‘Red Shirt’?

a. Wilson b. Tsar Alexander II
c. Garibaldi d. Matternich
Ans. (c) Garibaldi

3. Name the state which led the process of Italian unification?

a. Rome b. Prussia
c. Sardinia Piedmont d. Vienna
Ans. (c) Sardinia Piedmont

4. Who said Cavour, Mazzini, and Garibaldi: three her brain, her soul, her
sword?
a. Victor Emmannual b. George Meredith
c. Louis XVIII d. Guizot
Ans. (b) George Meredith
Explanation: Cavour is considered the "brain of unification," Mazzini the "soul," and
Garibaldi the "sword."

5. Who followed the policy of Blood and Iron for national unification?
a. Garibaldi b. Otto Von Bismark
c. Mazzini d. Matternich
Ans.(b) Otto Von Bismark

6. Who said that, Italy was merely a geographical expression?

a. Cavour b. Napoleon
c. Matternich d. Guizot
Ans.(c) Matternich
7. Which one was not included in the Balkan Region?
a. Croatia b. Bosnia Harzegovina
c. Serbia d. Spain
Ans. (d) Spain

8. Repression of liberal revolutionaries after 1815, in Europe, led to

(a) Armies being trained by revolutionaries
(b) All revolutionaries trained to overthrow monarchy
(c) Secret societies being formed in many European states to train
revolutionaries and spread their ideas
(d) All the above
Ans. (c) Secret societies being formed in many European states to train
revolutionaries and spread their ideas

9. The three leaders who helped unification of Italy were :

(a) Giuseppe Mazzini, Victor Emmanuel II, Cavour
(b) Giuseppe Mazzini, Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi
(c) Victor Emmanuel, Bismarck, Cavour
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b) Giuseppe Mazzini, Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi

10. Under the British dominance, Scotland suffered because of :

(a) Systematic suppression of its cultural and political institutions
(b) The Catholics of Scottish Highlands were ruthlessly suppressed and lost
independence
(c) Denial to speak their Gaelic language or wear their national dress
(d) All the above
Ans. (d) All the above

11. Why does Frederic Sorrieu show Christ, saints and angels gazing upon the
scene from the heavens above?
Ans. Christ, saints and angels gazing upon the scene from the heavens above
have been used to symbolise fraternity among the nations of the world.

12. Describe the Habsburg Empire?

Ans:1. The Habsburg Empire that ruled over Austria-Hungary was a patchwork
of many different regions and peoples.

2. It included the Alpine regions – the Tyrol, Austria and the Sudetenland – as
well as Bohemia.
3.It also included the provinces of Lombardy and Venetia.

13. After the failure of revolutionary uprisings both in 1831 and 1848, who took
the responsibility of unifying Italy?
Ans: After the failure of revolutionary uprisings both in 1831 and 1848, the
ruler of Sardinia-Piedmont King Victor Emmanuel II took the responsibility of
unifying Italian states through war.

14.How did the conflict of the Balkans lead to the First World War?

Ans: 1.The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to
gain more territory at the expense of the others.
2.Matters were further complicated because the Balkans also became the
scene of big power rivalry.
3. During this period, there was intense rivalry among the European
powers over trade and colonies as well as naval and military might.
4.Each power – Russia, Germany, England, and Austro-
Hungary – was keen on countering the hold of other powers over
the Balkans, and extending its own control over the area.
5. This led to a series of wars in the region and finally the First World
War.

15.Read the extract and answer the questions that follow:

Ernst Renan, ‘What is a Nation?’: In a lecture delivered at the University of Sorbonne

in 1882, the French philosopher Ernst Renan (1823-92) outlined his understanding of
what makes a nation. The lecture was subsequently published as a famous essay
entitled ‘Qu’est-cequ’une nation?’ (‘What is a Nation?’). In this essay Renan
criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common
language, race, religion, or territory: ‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of
endeavours, sacrifice and devotion. A heroic past, great men, glory, that is the social
capital upon which one bases a national idea. To have common glories in the past, to
have a common will in
the present, to have performed great deeds together, to wish to perform still more,
these are the essential conditions of being a people. A nation is therefore a large-scale
solidarity... Its existence is a daily plebiscite... A province is its inhabitants; if anyone
has the right to be consulted, it is the inhabitant. A nation never has any real interest
in annexing or holding on to a country against its will. The existence of nations is a
good thing, a necessity even. Their existence is a guarantee of liberty, which would
be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.
(i) What do you mean by the term Nation?
Ans. A country or all the people in a country.

(ii) Write any two requirements for the formation of a nation.

Ans. Population and Territory are two requirements to form a nation.

(iii) How does a heroic past helps in the formation of a nation?

Ans : A heroic past gives a sense of pride and identity to a people. This helps in the
formation of a nation.