WWI: 100 Days

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 WWI: 100 Days Offensive

The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of

World War I, during which the Allies launched a series of
offensive attacks against the Central Powers that pushed
the Germans out of France and led to their defeat.
WORLD WAR I

● World War I began in the Balkans in late July 1914 and ended in
November 1918, leaving 17 million dead and 20 million wounded.
● The power struggle leading to the 1914 war began with two
competing powers: Germany and Austria-Hungary against
Russia, France, Serbia, and Great Britain.
● The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by a
Bosnian Serb was an action that triggered the war when allied
states began to politically support each other.
● The assassination led to a month of diplomatic manoeuvring
between Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, France, and Britain,
called the July Crisis.
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WWI: 100 Days Offensive FACTS

Map of the world with the participants in World War

I in 1917. Allies are in green, the Central Powers
are in orange and neutral countries are in grey.
European diplomatic alignments shortly before the war.
SOURCES: wikipedia

● The first conflict happened on August 2, 1914 when Germany

invaded Luxembourg. The whole month showed Germany’s army
prowess in their next conflicts.
● Russia struggled initially but remained fighting alongside its
allies.
● By 1915, Zeppelins were used to invade. The first to suffer was
Great Britain.
● On September 1915, outraged protests erupted from the United
States when the German U-boat sank, the Lusitania, which had
many American passengers aboard.
● It was in the same year that poison gas was introduced in war.
● On May 1916, naval warfare reached its peak as the United
Kingdom and Germany clashed on the Battle of Jutland.
● Germany remained the most threatening enemy throughout 1916
and 1917, forcing even the United States to finally declare war
against it. This resulted in several countries severing ties with
Germany.
● By the start of 1918, Germany began to feel the mounting
pressure of countries declaring war and its depleting resources
due to severed ties.
● A huge portion of the war occured in the country now called
Israel and the borders of Palestine.
● At the end the war, the Allies pushed through an offensive action
beginning August 8, sparking the 100 days offensive.
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WWI: 100 Days Offensive FACTS
100-DAY CAMPAIGNS

● The Hundred Days Offensive spanned

95 days beginning with the Battle of
Amiens on 8 August 1918 and ending
with the Armistice on 11 November.
● The German Spring Offensive came
close to breaking the Allied front line but
they just managed to hold on.
● In the Second Battle of the Marne , the
Germans failed and on 18 July, the
Allied counter-attack pushed them back. General Foch directed overall
● General Ferdinand Foch was appointed strategy which ensured a coordinated
approach by the French, British and
Commander-in-Chief of the Allied American armies.
Forces. SOURCE: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

BATTLE OF AMIENS
The Germans were
caught by surprise
during the Amiens
attack. Some were
said to have been
An under-strength platoon of the 5th Australian Division is addressed by captured while eating.
an officer near Warfusee-Abancourt during the Battle of Amiens, 8
August 1918. © IWM (E (AUS) 2790)

● The Allies had taken 17,000 prisoners and 330 guns. Total
German losses were estimated to be 30,000 men, while the Allies
had suffered about 6,500 killed, wounded and missing.
● The collapse in German morale led Erich Ludendorff to dub it "the
Black Day of the German Army.”
● On August 10th, the Germans began to pull back towards the
Hindenburg Line.
● The Allies continued to attack in this way throughout the summer
and autumn of 1918, giving the exhausted and depleted German
Army little respite.
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WWI: 100 Days Offensive FACTS
SECOND BATTLE OF THE SOMME
● The Somme Battle took
place from March 21 to
April 5, 1918, north of the
Somme River in northern
France. It is also called the
Battle of Saint-Quentin.
● The offensive pushed the
German 2nd Army back
Armored cars drive down a road in northern France
over a 34-mile front. Albert
during the Second Battle of the Somme. was captured on 22
SOURCE: Mary Evans Picture Library/age fotostock
August.

ADVANCE IN THE HINDENBURG LINE

● The Battle of St Quentin
Canal was a crucial victory
that broke through one of
the strongest sections of the
Hindenburg Line.
● German General Ludendorff
is reported to have said that
the “situation of the
[German] Army demands an
immediate armistice in order
to save a catastrophe”. Vaughan Campbell VC addressing men of the 137th
Brigade (46th Division) on the Riqueval Bridge over the
● Germany realized they St Quentin Canal (part of the Hindenburg Line) which
would not win the war. they crossed on 29 September 1918. © IWM (Q 9535)

● Subsequent battles were fought during the Pursuit to the Selle,

Battle of Courtrai, Battle of Mont-d'Origny, Battle of the Selle,
Battle of Lys and Escaut, Battle of the Serre, Battle of
Valenciennes and the Battle of the Sambre, including the Second
Battle of Guise and the Battle of Thiérache.
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NAME:_______________________________

Quick Review
Let’s do a memory check. Circle the answer for each sentence provided.

World War I began on late July 1914 and ended in ______.

a. November 1918
b. October 1918
c. December 1918

__________was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Forces.

a. General Paul von Hindenburg
b. General Ferdinand Foch
c. Commander Douglas Haig

The war was between the ______ and _________ powers.

a. Axis and Allied
b. Allied and Central
c. Central and Axis

The assassination of ________ triggered the

first world war.
a. King Philip II
b. Kaiser Wilhelm
c. Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The war ended with __________

a. An armistice
b. An unconditional surrender
c. Complete domination

_______ collapsed after World War I

a. France Empire
b. German Empire
c. Great Britain Empire

Bonus: The last soldier to die was _______, one minute before the armistice came
into effect.
a. Henry Gunther c. Winston Churchill
b. John J. Pershing
KIDSKONNECT.COM
KEY ANSWER

Quick Review
Let’s do a memory check. Circle the answer for each sentence provided.

World War I began on late July 1914 and ended in ______.

a. November 1918
b. October 1918
c. December 1918

__________was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Forces.

a. General Paul von Hindenburg
b. General Ferdinand Foch
c. Commander Douglas Haig

The war was between the ______ and _________ powers.

a. Axis and Allied
b. Allied and Central
c. Central and Axis

The assassination of ________ triggered the

first world war.
a. King Philip II
b. Kaiser Wilhelm
c. Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The war ended with __________

a. An armistice
b. An unconditional surrender
c. Complete domination

_______ collapsed after World War I

a. France Empire
b. German Empire
c. Great Britain Empire

Bonus: The last soldier to die was _______, one minute before the armistice came
into effect.
a. Henry Gunther c. Winston Churchill
b. John J. Pershing
KIDSKONNECT.COM
 NAME:_______________________________

THE BELLIGERENTS
The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy,
but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the opposing
armies had no reply.
Choose from the list and say who these countries are allied with
during the First World War.

AUSTRIA-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE
GREAT BRITAIN
RUSSIAN EMPIRE
FRANCE
GERMAN EMPIRE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive KIDSKONNECT.COM
 KEY ANSWER

THE BELLIGERENTS
The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy,
but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the opposing
armies had no reply.
Choose from the list and say who these countries are allied with
during the First World War.

AUSTRO -
HUNGARIAN
GREAT BRITAIN
EMPIRE
FRANCE
GERMAN EMPIRE
RUSSIAN EMPIRE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE
GREAT BRITAIN
RUSSIAN EMPIRE
FRANCE
GERMAN EMPIRE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive KIDSKONNECT.COM
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