SOFTWARE PROJECT

Assignment 1

Name: MUNEEB UR REHMAN

Roll no: BSEF17E04
Submit to: Mam Ayesha

JANUARY 28, 2020

Q1. Differentiate between project vs process.
There are advocates of both projects and processes as keys to business performance, and there’s been
considerable emphasis on project management and process management in recent years.

To arrive at the answers, it’s important to understand the definition projects and processes and the unique
purposes that they serve within your business.

Project vs Process : Defined

I. One way to look at is is that projects are things that you’ve never done before, whereas processes
are things that we do repeatedly.
II. A project is about creating something new or implementing a change, whereas a process is
intended to create value by repeatedly performing a task.
III. In a project, objectives and plans can be changed by the stakeholders that give a project its
mandate and resources, along with agreement from the project team.
IV. Processes are established procedures for ongoing work, and they can only be changed with
planning and investment. In fact, with any process that has a significant impact on a business, a
project is ideally required in order to change that process.
V. A project is temporary in that it has a defined beginning and end in time, and therefore defined
scope and resources. And, a project is unique in that it is not a routine operation, but a specific set
of operations designed to accomplish a singular goal.
VI. As a bottom line, projects are intended to create change. In contrast, processes are designed to
resist change because they establish a repeatable workflow that should always be followed.

Processes are how work gets standardized.

Projects are how process work gets improved.

Project vs Process : Both Are Equally Important

There is no difference in importance between a project and a process. Each plays an important role in
achieving important objectives within a business, and you should make sure to use both of them as
appropriate.

Processes are the ongoing and repeated procedures that help achieve your business goals, while projects
are the ways to alter processes, launch new products, or otherwise make changes in your organization that
advance your objectives in new ways.

Q1. Differentiate between project vs program.

What is a project?
A project refers to a specific, singular endeavour to deliver a tangible output.

A project manager is therefore responsible for ensuring a project delivers on its intended output in line with a
defined time frame and budget.
What is a program/programme?
A program refers to multiple projects which are managed and delivered as a single package.

A program manager is therefore tasked with overseeing all the projects comprising the program – to ensure it
achieves its outcomes.

How projects and programs differ

 Structure:
o The components of a project are specific and exact.
o The scope and goals of a project are well-defined – while programs are typically less clear-cut.
o Because a program covers multiple projects – a program team tends to be larger as it also
incorporates the project managers and their project team members.

 Effort:
o A project represents a single, focused endeavour.
o A program is a collection of projects – together all the projects form a connected package of
work. The different projects complement each other to assist the program in achieving its overall
objectives. It’s likely the different projects within a program will overlap – the program manager
will therefore assess these overlaps and work with the relevant project managers to ensure the
program’s smooth progression.

 Length:
o While some projects take several years – the typical project will not take very long to complete.
o Programs often take a very long time to complete as they intend to deliver more. It’s therefore
common for programs to be organised into phases or tranches.
o A particularly long project may also be organised into multiple phases – but this is less common.

 Benefits:
o Projects focus on achieving tangible outputs, i.e. what you gain upon completing the project.
o Programs focus on outcomes – which are often not tangible. The benefits provided by a program
depend on the collective benefits of its projects. Examples of a program outcome include a
cultural or political change within an organization – or a change in the way in which an
organization operates.