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[RADIOLOGICAL SIGNS]

Radiological Signs
S. No. Remarks

1. Accordion sign on CT − pseudomembranous enterocolitis

2. Angel wing sign or − pneumomediastinum
spinnakersign
3. Angiographic string sign or − Internal Carotid artery dissection
carotid string sign
4. Antral nipple sign − pyloric stenosis
5. Antral pad sign − pancreatic cancer/pancreatitis
6. Apple core sign − colorectal carcinoma
7. Apple core sign − synovial chomdromatosis of femur
8. Arcuate sign − cruciate ligament injury of knee
9. Arrowhead sign − acute appendicitis
10. Banana sign − chiari 3 malformation
11. Bare orbit sign − neurofibromatosis 1
12. Bat wing 4th ventricle − absent verrnis and apposed cerebellar
hemispheres
13. Bat wing pulmonary opacities − cardiogenic pulmonary edema
14. Beak sign − hypertrophic pyloric stenosis/arterial
dissection
15. Bird beak sign − achalasia
16. Bears paw sign − xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
17. Boomerang sign(MRI) − splenium of corpus callosurn/diffuse
axonal injury/multiple sclerosis
18. Bracket sign − peri-callosal lipoma of brain
19. Butterfly glioma − high grade astrocytoma crossing
midline
20. Butterfly vertebra − anterior spina bifida/alagille
syndrome
21. Ceacal bar sign − acute appendicitis
22. Celery stalk sign − Mucoid degeneration of anterior
cruciate ligament
23. Cleft sign(MRI) − meningioma
24. Cluster of grapes − hydatiform mole
25. Comb sign − hypervascular mesentry in Crohns
disease
26. CT Comma sign − concomitant EDH+SDH
27. Cumbo sign(Onion peel sign) − pulmonary hydatid cyst
28. Deep sulcus sign − Pneumothorax
−

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29. Dense rim sign − high attenuation crescent sign

− Abdominal aortic aneurysm
30. Double duct sign − pen ampullary carcinoma
31. Double line sign(MRI) − osteonecrosis
32. Double rim sign − brain abscess
33. Double track sign − pyloric stenosis
34. Double wall sign(Rigler sign) − pneumoperitoneum
35. Dural tail sign − meningioma
36. Empty delta sign(CECT) − superior sagittal sinus venous
thrombosis
37. Finger in glove sign − allergic bronchopulmonary
aspergillosis
38. Floating aorta sign − retroperitoneal masses
39. Floating head appearance − ahondrogenesis
40. Galaxy sign − pulmonary sarcoidosis
41. Garland sign(pawnbrokers sign) − sarcoidosis
42. Achondroplasia − Achondroplasia
− Trident hand
− Chevron sign
− Bullet nose vertebra
− Tomb stone iliac blades
43. Air crescent sign − Aspergilloma /Pus/Clot/ Hydatid
lung
44. Antral sign (Holman miller − Juvenile nasopharyngeal angio
sign) fibroma (on CT)
45. Ankylosing spondylitis − Bamboo spine/Romano's sign
− Squaring/Dagger sign
− Syndesmophytes
46. Bat wing appearance − Pulmonary edema
47. Bed ford sign − Aorta displaced laterally due to
enlarged left atrium
48. Blue dot sign/Nubbin sign − Cyst of morgagni [D/d of torsion
testis]
49. Brodies abscess − Tunneling
50. Bone within bone − Osteopetrosis
− Sickle cell anemia
51. Box shape heart Straight − Ebstein Anomaly
upper cardiac border
52. Bone within bone H-shaped − Sickle cell anemia
vertebrae
53. Bouchard's/Heberden's − Osteo-arthritis
nodes
54. Cardiac valve calcification − Endomyocardial fibrosis

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55. Cannon ball appearance
56. Central dot sign
57. Crazy pavement appearance
58. Cluster of grapes
59. Cod fish vertebra
60. Codman's triangle, sun ray
appearance
61. Corkscrew esophagus
62. Continuous diaphragm
63. Congenital syphilis
64. Coeur-en-Sabot/ Boot
shaped heart
Right aortic arch
65. Celery stalk appearance
66. Comet tail sign/ Diamond
ring sign
Inverted V sign/pearl
Necklace GB
67. Double aortic knuckle
Double barell aorta
68. Double ring sign
69. Diamond ring sign, Comet tail
sign
Inverted V sign, pearl
necklace GB
[Rokitansky – Aschoff Sinuses]
70. Egg in cup appearance/
Square root sign
71. Egg on side appearance
72. Waterfall appearance,
convex Lt. heart border
73. E-sign, reverse of 3 sign
Dock's sign (Inferior rib
notching of 3-8 ribs
74. Egg shell calcification
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− Metastasis of lung
− Caroli's disease
− Alveolar proteinosis
− Cystic bronchiectsis
pericardium
− Osteoporosis
− Osteomalacia
− Hyperparathyroidism
− Osteosarcoma
− Diffuse esophageal spasm
− Air beneath heart – pneumo sign
− Saber tibia
− Moth eaten skull
− Hot cross bun skull
− Frontal bossing of parrot
− Hutchinson teeth, mulberry
− molars, bull's dog jaw
− Saddle nose,
− TOF (Tetralogy of Fallot)
− Congenital rubella
− Adenomyomatosis GB
− Aortic dissection
− Osteoid Osteoma [ O - O = double
ring]
− Adenomyomatosis gall bladder
− Constrictive pericarditis
− D-TGA, uncorrected TGA
− L-TGA
− Coarctation of aorta (COA)
− Silicosis/Sarcoidosis
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75. Erlen Meyer flask deformity − Osteopetrosis

of distal femur − Thalassemia
− Gaucher's disease
76. Fallen fragment sign, trap − Unicameral bone cyst
door sign
77. Fish mouth vertebra −Sickle cell anemia
−Homocystenuria
78. Flowing calcifications −Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyper
osteosis (DISH)
79. Flowing candle wax − Sarcoidosis (ocular)
80. Flower bouquet appearance − Cystoid macular edema [flower
bouquet in CME!]
81. Ground glass appearance − Infracardiac TAPVC
82. Ground glass appearance, − Fibrous dysplasia
shepherd crook deformity
83. Glossy heart (speckled) on − Amyloidosis
ECHO
84. Ground glass septum − HOCM
85. Gloved finger appearance − ABPA
86. Ground glass haze on HRCT − Alveolitis
87. Goose neck deformity (on LV − Primum ASD
angio)
88. Great Hilar dance (On − ASD
flouroscopy)
89. Golden-S sign − Bronchogenic carcinoma
(central) + Upper lobe collapse
90. Hair on end/Crew-cut/ Hair − Thalassemia sickle cell anemia
brush appearance
91. Hair on end /Crew cut/ Hair − Thalassemia
brush
Flask shaped femur
Rodent facies
92. Halo appearance on CT − Invasive aspergillosis
93. Higaumenaki's sign − U ni l a ter a l e n l ar ge m en t o f
sternal end of clavicle due to
periostitis
94. Jug handle appearance − Primary pulmonary hypertension
95. Left atrial enlargement − 1st sign - Elevation of Lt. main
bronchus
− 2nd - Widening of carina
− 3rd Double cardiac shadow
96. Licked candy stick − Leprosy
appearance
97. Light bulb appearance − Posterior dislocation of
shoulder

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98. Looser's zone/ milkman's − Osteomalacia

pseudofractures
99. Looser's zones − Osteomalacia
100. Linear calcification of − Syphilitic aortitis
ascending aorta
101. Maladie-de-Roger defect − Small VSD
102. Mercedes Benz sign/ Inverted − Ca+2 deposition in gall bladder
sea gull sign
103. Metacarpal sign − Hyper parathyroidism,Turner's
syndrome
104. Metaphyseal translucencies − Leukemia
105. Melting snow appearance − Mycetoma
106. Molten candle wax − Leri's disease (Melorheostosis)
appearance
107. Money bag/water battle/ − Pericardial effusion
leather bottle/ flask shaped
heart
108. Osteophytes − Osteoarthritis
109. Onion peel appearance − Ewing's sarcoma
110. "O"ring sign/Popcorn − Chondromas
calcification/Annular
calcification
111. Perthe's disease − W a l d e n s t o r m s i g n L a t eral
displaced femoral head [Catterall
classification]
112. Pepper pot skull/Salt & − Hyperparathyroiclism
pepper skull
113. Picture frame vertebra − Paget's disease
Cotton wool skull
114. Popcorn calcification in − Calcified aortic valve
115. Polka dot on CT − Hemangioma center of heart
116. Psoriatic arthritis − Cup & pencil appearance
− Sausage digit
− Opera glass
117. Popcorn calcification − Hamartoma of lung
118. Pipe stem ureter − TB ( Golf hole ureter, thimble
bladder) Also in retroperitoneal
fibrosis
119. Pipestem cirrhosis − Schistosomiasis
120. Palla Sign − PA ( P ulinonary A rtery) Rt
side - enlarges
121. Pulmonary − Westermark sign
Embolism − Oligemia
122. Melting sign − Rapid melting infarct
123. Fleishner sign − Elevated hemidiaphragm

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124. Hampton hump − Wedge opacity

125. Mc. Connel’s sign − Achalasia cardia
Rat tail/Bird beak appearance
126. Rain drop appearance on − Multiple myeloma
skull
Multiple punched out lesions
127. Rocker bottom feet − Edward's syndrome
128. Rugger Jersey spine − Osteo petrosis
− Renal osteo dystrophy
129. Signet ring − Bronchiectasis
130. String of beads − Varicold bronchiectasis
131. Swirl sign − EDH [extra dural heamorrhage]
132. Syndesmophytes − Ankylosing spondylitis
133. Saw toothed appearance − Diverticulosis colon [on barium
enema]
134. Saw toothed ECG − Atrial flutter
135. Saw toothed epidermis − Lichen planus
136. Shepherd crook deformity − Fibrous dysplasia of Neck of femur
137. Spinnaker sail sign − Sail shaped thymus + air
− .Pneumopericardium
138. Spider web appearance − Kerley 'c' lines
139. Spider Nevi − Liver failure
140. Spider leg deformity − Polycystic kidney disease
141. Silhoutte sign − Intrathoracic radiopaque mass,
causing loss of silhouette
142. Spring water cyst − Pericardial cyst
143. Strawberry gall bladder − Cholesterosis
144. Scimitar sign/Turkish sword − Partial APVC > TAPVC (Congenital
appearance venolobar syn)
145. S c h i m i t a r s a c r u m − Anterior meningocele
146. Sitting duck heart − Persistent truncus arteriosus
147. S n o w m a n s i g n / Figure of − Supracardiac TAPVC
8 sign/ Cottage loaf sign
148. Swiss cheese appearance − Endometrial hyperplasia (simple)
149. Soap bubble appearance − Osteo clastoma
150. Sprengel shoulder − Klippel Feil syndrome
151. Spoon shaped vertebrae − Pykno dysostosis
152. Spondylolisthesis − Inverted Napolean hat sign
− Beheaded Scottish terrier sign
153. Stag antler sign, − CHF
154. Swan neck deformity − Rheumatoid arthritis
Boutenniere deformity
Hammer toe

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155. Hands-up sign, −

Inverted moustache sign
156. Hurler's Syndrome (MPS-1) − Antero-inferior beating of vertebra
− J-shaped sella
− Simian pelvis
157. Thymus − Sail sign
− Wave sign of Muvley
− Notch sign
158. Transient tachypnea of − Chest X-ray
newborn − Prominent horizontal fissure
159. Tram tracking − Cylindrical bronchiectasis
160. Trees in bud appearance − Endo bronchial spread of TB
161. Telephone handle bones − Thanatophoric dwarf
Clover leaf skull
162. Terry Thomas sign − Scapho lunate dislocation
163. Tiger eye appearance − Hallervorden - Spatz disease
164. Tubular heart − Emphysema
165. Tulip bulb aorta − Marfan's syndrome
166. Vanishing bile duct − Primary sclerosing cholangitis
− (PSC) Primary Biliary Cirrosis)
(PBC)
− Graft versus Host disease
− Sarcoidosis
− Chlorpromazine
167. Vanishing ureter − Renal transplant
168. Vanishing tumour − Loculated interlobar fissure in CCF
169. Vertical striations/ Cordruoy − Hemangioma
cloth/ Paint brush appearance
170. Water lily sign − Camalote sign
− Hydatid lung
171. Wimberger's sign − Sclerotic rim in epiphysis
172. Frenkel white line − Dense Ca+2 deposits in metaphysic
− Scurvy
173. Trumerfield zone − Lucent zone
Pelkan spur
174. Whirl sign − Midgut volvulus (on CT)

Intracranial mass
175. Hyperintense + Post contrast − Cavernous hemangioma
enhancement
176. Iso intense + Post contrast − Meningioma
enhancement
177. Hyperintense + Post contrast − Astrocytoma
intensity
178. Hyperintense + Cystic − Schwannoma

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contrast
179. Lag sign/ Drop sign − Supra / Infra spina his weakness
180. Pipe hose appearance − Crohn's disease
181. Garden hose appearance / − Ulcerative colitis
Pipestem colon
182. Signet ring sign − Diffuse Ca GB
183. Crohn's disease − String sign of cantor, bull's eye con
target lesion, cobble stone
appearance, hose pipe appearance
184. Ulcerative colitis − Lead pipe appearance / Garden hose
appearance/pipe stem colon,
pseudopolyps, pin point ulcers,
collar button ulcers
185. Acute pancreatitis − Sentinel loop sign, colon cutoff
sign, renal halo sign, ground glass
appearance
186. Other non-radiological signs − Cullen sign, Grey Turner sign, Fox
sign
187. Chronic pancreatitis − String of beads/String of pearls/ Chain
of lakes appearance/ Rat tail CBD
188. Ca pancreas − Double duct sign, scrambled egg
appearance, (Inverted 3 sign
of Frostberg), Rose thorning of
2nd part of duodenum
189. Intestinal TB − Pulled up caecum / Inverted
umbrella sign / Fleschner sign
− Goose mouth appearance
(obtuse angle of caecum)
− Napkin ulcers in ileum / Purse
string appearance
190. Ischemic colitis − Thumb printing sign
191. Pneumatosis ilntestinalis − Soap bubble / Bunch of grapes
appearance, scalloped sigmoid
192. Pneumoperitoneum − Football sign/ Rigler sign/ Cupula
sign/Triangle sign/ Inverted V
appearance
193. String of beads − Fibromuscular dysplasia
− + Chain of lakes (chr. pancreatitis)
− Subacute intestinal obstruction
194. String sign of cantor − Crohn's disease
195. String sign − Caecal TB/Crohn's disease/
Congeni tal hy pertro ph ic
pyloric stenosis
196. Hampton's line − Benign gastric ulcer
197. Kirklin complex/ carman's − Malignant gastric ulcer
meniscus

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198. Bull's eye stomach
199. Trifoliate duodenum
200. Moulage sign
201. Hellmer's sign
202. Stacked coin appearance
203. Sawtoothed /serrated
appearance
204. Hirschsprung disease
205. Intussusception
206. USG features of
Intususception
207. Sigmoid volvulus
208. Appendicitis
209. Ileocaecal valve
210. Sun burst calcification/
Central stellate scar

UROLOGY
211. Bell clapper appearance, blue
dot sign
212. Bunch of grapes appearance
213. Bristles of brush (or) bouquet
of flowers appearance
214. Ca-renal pelvis
215. Cobra head /adder head/
Spring onion appearance
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− Melanoma
− Chronic scarred duodenal ulcer
− Tube bowel
− Malabsorption
− Luscent area between liver &
lateral abdominal wall
− Ascites
− Henoch scholein purpura
− Colonic diverticula
− AB normal bowel is Constricted
proximal to abnormal bowel is
dilated
− X - r a y T a r g e t s i g n / m e niscus
sign, claw sign, coiled spring
appearance
− Bull's eye appearance
− Dough nut sign/ pseudokidney
sign
− Dance sign (empty RIF)
− Coffee bean appearance
− Bent inner tube appearance
− Bird of prey appearance
− Liver overlap, left flank overlap
− Ace of spade appearance
− Rovsing sign, pointing sign, psoas
sign, obturator sign, arrow head
sign, Bostedes sign
− Shark mouth appearance
− Fibrolamellar HCC
− Focal nodular hyperplasia
liver
− Serous cystadenoma of pancreas
− Oncocytoma
− Torsion testis [Nubbin sign on
DMSA]
− Multicystic dysplastic kidney
− Medullary sponge kidney
− Stipple sign/Goblet sign (on
RGP) Bergman sign (Stent coiling
distal to obstruction, on RGP)
− Ureterocele
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216. Chinese lantern sign
217. Drooping lily sign
218. Egg in cup appearance
219. Fatty yellow kidney
220. Genito urinary TB
221. Hand joining sign, flower
vase curve of ureter,
Rovsing sign, hand shake
sign
222. Inverted-J appearance/ Fish
hook appearance/ Shepherd
crook anomaly
223. Rim/cresent sign,
Soap bubble
appearance
224. Oncocytoma
225. Pear sign/Flame sign
226. Pie in sky appearance
227. Star burst appearance
228. Spider leg deformity/Bell like
deformity
Bubble appearance/Swiss
cheese appearance/ Sun burst
nephrogram
229. Schistosomiasis On
cystoscopy
230. Tear drop bladder
231. Tobacco bag appearance
232. Yo Yo reflex on RGP
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− Epididymal cysts
− Ectopic ureter
− Renal papillary rupture
− Xanthgranulomatous kidney
− Kidney - Moth eaten
calyces, bag of PUS
− Ureter - Golf hole ureter,
Pipe stem ureter
− Bladder - Thimble blad-
der
− Epididymis - Craggy
epididymis, beaded appearance,
beaded vas deferens
− Horse shoe kidney
− Retrocaval ureter
− Hydronephrosis
− Central stellate scar, spoke wheel
appearance
− Fetal head appearance (Bladder
calcification)
− Parallel calcification (or)
tramtrack calcification of urcter
− Bladder rupture
− Injury to prostatic urethra
− Extraperitoneal bladder rupture +
all over burst
− Polycystic kidney disease
− Sandy deposits in bladder wall
− Extraperitoneal bladder rupture
− Tubercular salpingitis
− Incomplete duplication of ureter
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