Basic Diagnostic Procedure

WIRING SYSTEM

1. Basic Diagnostic Procedure 5) The circuit is in good order. If a problem such as

a light failing to illuminate occurs, use the proce-
A: BASIC PROCEDURES dures outlined above to track down the malfunc-
tion.
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The most important purpose of diagnostics is to 2. CIRCUIT CONTINUITY CHECKS
quickly determine which part is malfunctioning, to 1) Disconnect the battery terminal or connector so
save time and labor. there is no voltage between the check points.
Contact the two leads of an ohmmeter to each of
2. IDENTIFICATION OF TROUBLE SYMP- the check points.
TOM If the circuit has diodes, reverse the two leads and
Determine what the problem is based on the symp- check again.
tom. 2) Use an ohmmeter to check for diode continuity.
When contacting the negative lead to the diode
3. PROBABLE CAUSE OF TROUBLE positive side and the positive lead to the negative
Look at the wiring diagram and check the system’s side, there should be continuity.
circuit. Then check the switch, relay, fuse, ground, When contacting the two leads in reverse, there
etc. should be no continuity.
4. LOCATION AND REPAIR OF TROUBLE
1) Using the diagnostics, narrow down the causes.
2) If necessary, use a voltmeter, ohmmeter, etc.
3) Before replacing certain component parts
(switch, relay, etc.), check the power supply,
ground, for open wiring harness, poor connectors,
etc. If no problem is encountered, check the com-
ponent parts.
Continuity No continuity
5. SYSTEM OPERATION CHECK WI-02740
After repairing, ensure that the system operates
3) The symbol “ — ” indicates that continuity
properly.
exists between two points or terminals. For exam-
B: BASIC INSPECTION ple, when a switch position is at “3”, continuity ex-
ists among terminals 1, 3 and 6, as shown in the
1. VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT table below.
1) Using a voltmeter, connect the negative lead to a
Terminal
good ground point or negative battery terminal and 1 2 3 4 5 6
the positive lead to the connector or component ter- Switch Position
minal. OFF
2) Contact the positive lead of the voltmeter on 1
connector (A). The voltmeter will indicate a voltage.
2
3) Shift the positive lead to connector (B). The volt-
meter will indicate no voltage. 3

4
To power FUSE Switch Light
supply WI-02741

(A) (B)

WI-02739
4) With the test set-up held as it is, turn the switch
ON. The voltmeter will indicate a voltage and, at the
same time, the light will come on.

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

3. HOW TO DETERMINE AN OPEN CIR- 4. HOW TO DETERMINE A SHORT CIR-

CUIT
1) With voltmeter:
An open circuit is determined by measuring the
voltage between respective connectors and ground
using a voltmeter, starting with the connector clos-
est to the power supply. The power supply must be
turned ON so that current flows in the circuit. If volt-
age is not present between a particular connector
and ground, the circuit between that connector and
the previous connector is open.
Open circuit or wiring
CUIT
1) With test light:
Connect a test light (rated at approx. 3 watts) in
place of the blown fuse and allow current to flow
through the circuit. Disconnect one connector at a
time from the circuit. Starting with the one located
farthest from the power supply. If the test light goes
out when a connector is disconnected, the wiring
between that connector and the next connector
(farther from the power supply) is shorted.
Test lamp

Shorted wiring

V V Fuse holder

0V

12V
WI-02742 WI-02744
2) With ohmmeter: 2) With ohmmeter:
Disconnect all connectors affected, and check con- Disconnect all affected connectors, and check con-
tinuity in the wiring between adjacent connectors. tinuity between each connector and ground. When
When the ohmmeter indicates “infinite”, the wiring the ohmmeter indicates continuity between a par-
is open. ticular connector and a ground, that connector is
Open circuit
shorted.

Shorted connector

WI-09860
WI-02745

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

C: HOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMS

1. WIRING DIAGRAM
The wiring diagram of each system is illustrated so that you can understand the path through which the elec-
tric current flows from the battery.
Sketches and codes are used in the diagrams. They should read as follows:
• Each connector and its terminal position are indicated by a sketch of the connector in a disconnected state
which is viewed from the front.

1 2

3 4

4
Viewed from this direction
WI-02746
• The number of poles or pins, presence of a lock are indicated in the sketch of each connector. In the
sketch, the highest pole number refers to the number of poles which the connector has. For example, the
sketch of the connector shown in figure indicates the connector has 9 poles.

Connector shown in wiring diagram

Connector used in vehicle
Sketch Symbol Number of poles

Double frames
Indicates a lock
is included.

4 3 2 1 Numbered in order from upper

right to lower left.
9 8 7 6 5

Indicates the number of poles.

Indicates a lock is included.

1 2 3 4
Numbered in order from upper
5 6 7 8 9 left to lower right

Single frame

WI-02747

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

• When one set of connectors is viewed from the • The following color codes are used to indicate
front side, the pole numbers of one connector are the colors of the wires.
symmetrical to those of the other. When these two Color code Color
connectors are connected as a unit, the poles
L Blue
which have the same number are joined.
B Black
Y Yellow
G Green
R Red
1 2 3 3 2 1 W White
Br Brown
4 5 6 6 5 4 Lg Light green
Gr Gray
P Pink
WI-00107 Or Orange
• WIRING DIAGRAM: Sb Sky blue
The connectors are numbered along with the num- V Purple
ber of poles, external colors, and mating connec- SA Sealed (Inner)
tions in the accompanying list. SB Sealed (Outer)
• The sketch of each connector in the wiring dia-
gram usually shows the (A) side of the connector.
The relationship between the wire color, terminal YG
number and connector is described in the figure.
NOTE:
A wire which runs in one direction from a connector
terminal sometimes may have a different color from SB
YL
that which runs in the other direction from that ter-
minal.

i2 SA
SB
BR 1
RW 3 1 2 10 SB
3 4 9 YL
F4 i2 (A)
YL 2
Wire color :
8 YG YG 1
BR (No. 1 terminal) 22 SB
RW (No. 3 terminal)
WI-02748 20 SA SA 1
• In the wiring diagram, connectors which have no
terminal number refer to one-pole types. Sketches
of these connectors are omitted intentionally. WI-00110

B B

F10 B15

WI-00109

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

• The wire color code, which consists of two letters
(or three letters including Br or Lg), indicates the
standard color (base color of the wire covering) by
its first letter and the stripe marking by its second
letter.
• Each unit is either directly grounded to the body
or indirectly grounds through a harness ground ter-
minal. Different symbols are used in the wiring dia-
gram to identify the two grounding systems.

B
Y B

Marking color : Black

Reference color : Yellow
Direct ground Indirect terminal
ground
WI-02750
WI-03797
• The ground points shown in the wiring diagram
• The table lists the nominal sectional areas and refer to the following:
allowable currents of the wires. NOTE:
CAUTION: All wiring harnesses are provided with a ground
When replacing or repairing a wire, be sure to point which should be securely connected.
use the same size and type of the wire which
was originally used. GF-1 GF-2 : CHASSIS GROUND

NOTE: GB-1 GB-4 : CHASSIS GROUND

• The allowable current in the table indicates the
tolerable amperage of each wire at an ambient GR-1 GR-2 : CHASSIS GROUND
temperature of 40°C (104°F). GE : ENGINE GROUND
• The allowable current changes with ambient
temperature. Also, it changes if a bundle of more GA GAB-1 : AIRBAG HARNESS
than two wires is used.
GR : RADIO GROUND
Nominal sec- No. of Outside Allowable WI-05670
tional area strands/ diameter of current
strand diam- wiring Amps/
mm2 eter mm 40°C (104°F)
0.3 7/0.26 1.8 7
0.5 7/0.32 2.2 (or 2.0) 12
0.75 30/0.18 2.6 (or 2.4) 16
0.85 11/0.32 2.4 (or 2.2) 16
1.25 16/0.32 2.7 (or 2.5) 21
2 26/0.32 3.1 (or 2.9) 28
3 41/0.32 3.8 (or 3.6) 38
5 65/0.32 4.6 (or 4.4) 51
8 50/0.45 5.5 67

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

• Relays are classified as normally-open or normally-closed.

The normally-closed relay has one or more contacts. The wiring diagram shows the relay mode when the en-
ergizing circuit is OFF.

Relay type Energizing circuit OFF Energizing circuit ON

4-pole

Normally-open type

6-pole

Normally-closed type 4-pole

Mixed type 6-pole

Key to symbols:

: Current flows.
: Current does not flow.

WI-02752

WI-8
 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

• Each connector number shown in the wiring dia-

gram corresponds to that in the wiring harness. The
location of each connector in the actual vehicle is
determined by reading the first character of the
connector (for example, a “F” for F8, “i” for i16, etc.)
and the type of wiring harness. The first character
of each connector number corresponds to the area
or system of the vehicle.
Symbol Wiring harness and cord
F Front wiring harness
B Bulkhead wiring harness
E Engine wiring harness
Transmission cord, Rear oxygen sensor
T
cord
Door cord LH & RH, Rear gate cord
D
Rear door cord LH & RH
i Instrument panel wiring harness
Rear wiring harness,
R Fuel tank cord,
Roof cord
AB Airbag wiring harness

F58

F27
F19
F22 F34

F96
F47
F23 F100
F5
F21
F98
Each connector number
shown in wiring diagram
FRONT TURN SIGNAL
LIGHT LH (UPPER)
corresponds to that in
the vehicle.
2 BG
1 B

F19

FRONT TURN SIGNAL

LIGHT LH (LOWER)

3 BG
2 B

F22

F3 (GRAY)

F19 (GRAY)

1 2
WI-02753

WI-9
 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

D: SYMBOLS IN WIRING DIAGRAMS

A number of symbols are used in each wiring diagram to easily identify parts or circuits.
Example MAIN FUSE BOX (M/B)
WIRE TRACING FUSE No. & RATING
ON EXTENDED

SBF-1 100A
A P-SUP-02

WIRING DIAGRAMS

SBF-6 30A
B P-SUP-02

SBF-2 50A

SBF-3 50A

SBF-4 50A
RELAY C P-SUP-02

HEAD- HEAD-
LIGHT LIGHT
RELAY RELAY
RH LH

No.2 15A

No.1 20A
No.3 10A

No.9 15A

No.8 15A
CONNECTOR-1

2
3
2
3

2
5

F68 F36 F38

F39

BW
LR

W
R

R
L
LW
LR

RL
G

M P-SUP-04
D P-SUP-04 L P-SUP-04

K P-SUP-04

J P-SUP-04

I P-SUP-03

H P-SUP-03

G P-SUP-04
POWER SUPPLY F P-SUP-03
CIRCUIT E P-SUP-04
MB-11

MB-10

D4 LgB

BG

D11 Or
H/L(2L)-01

SMJ

D7
TO POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
SYMBOLS OF MB-10 MB-11 FB-16 MB-5
M/B FUSE NO. 8 M/B FUSE NO. 9 F/B FUSE NO. 11 HEADLIGHT
WIRE (IG) RELAY FUSE &
RELAY
BOX
GR
LW
RL

LB

CONNECTION (F/B)

No.5 10A
A: B51
HEADLIGHT LH F45
AND CROSSING
H1

SMJ B: i5
B62
LB

2 RL C: B52
HIGH
1 R
D: B152
3 YL
LOW E: B158
F23
F: F40

G: F41
HEADLIGHT RH

BR D10
WR G4

BG G7

G1
SPECIFICATION

A2

A3
2 LW LW 4 LW LW B1
HIGH
1 R R 3 R R A1

BL
CLASSIFICATION LOW
3 YL YL 2 YL
B36
F7 F44 B61 SMJ
CONNECTOR-2
DIMMER & PASSING
SWITCH REF. TO ST (MT)-01
UP LOW PASS OR WR REF. TO ST (AT)-01
HF 8 3 LY
HU 7 2 RY
HL 17 17 YB
E 16 16 B SPECIFICATION
LIGHTING SWITCH
OFF CLASSIFICATION
FB-37

FB-36

FB-35

FB-34
HC 13 13 LY
OR : WITHOUT REAR DEFOGGER TC B71
WR : WITH REAR DEFOGGER EL
C: B52 G: F41 (GRAY) A: B51

DIODE REF. TO FOG (H4)-01 1 2 3 1 2 3

1 YB 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 8
REF. TO FOG (H6)-01
2 RY SD : SEDAN
B112 SD P 17 P SD

DIODE
WG : WAGON
HARNESS
WG

WG

R3 B99
P

R4 HR
B112 F7 (BLACK) F44
REPAIR KIT
B

1 2 F23 (BLACK) 1 2 3 4
P 7 P 5 6 7 8
PARKING
GROUND BRAKE
SWITCH
R1 B97 1
2
3

REF. TO GND-02 CONNECTOR SKETCH

WI-04721

WI-10
 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
1. RELAY
A symbol used to indicate a relay.
2. CONNECTOR 1
The sketch of the connector indicates the one-pole
types.
3. WIRING CONNECTION
Some wiring diagrams are indicated in foldouts for
convenience. Wiring destinations are indicated
where necessary by corresponding symbols.
(When two pages are needed for clear indication)
4. FUSE NO. & RATING
The “FUSE No. & RATING“ corresponds with that
used in the fuse box (main fuse box, fuse and joint
box).
5. CONNECTOR 2
• Each connector is indicated by a symbol.
• Each terminal number is indicated in the corre-
sponding wiring diagram in an abbreviated form.
• For example, terminal number “G4” refers to No.
4 terminal of connector (G: F41) shown in the con-
nector sketch.
6. CONNECTOR SKETCH
• Each connector sketch clearly identifies the
shape and color of a connector as well as terminal
locations. Non-colored connectors are indicated in
natural color.
• When more than two types of connector number
are indicated in a connector sketch, it means that
the same type connectors are used.
7. GROUND
Each grounding point can be located easily by re-
ferring to the corresponding wiring harness.
8. DIODE
A symbol is used to indicate a diode.
9. WIRE TRACING ON EXTENDED WIRING
DIAGRAMS
For a wiring diagram extending over at least two
pages, a symbol (consisting of the same characters
with arrows), facilitates wire tracing from one page
to the other.
A ←→ A, B ←→ B
WI-11
WIRING SYSTEM
10.SYMBOLS OF WIRE CONNECTION AND
CROSSING
Symbol Refers to wires which are
connected and branched
at the dot point.
Symbol Refers to wires which are
crossed but not connected.
WI-02755
11.POWER SUPPLY ROUTING
A symbol is used to indicate the power supply in
each wiring diagram.
“MB-5”, “MB-6”, etc., which are used as power-
supply symbols throughout the text, correspond
with those shown in “POWER SUPPLY ROUTING”
in the wiring diagram.
Accordingly, using “POWER SUPPLY ROUTING”
and wiring diagrams permits service personnel to
understand the entire electrical arrangement of a
system.
12.CLASSIFICATION BY SPECIFICATION
• When the wiring diagram differ according to ve-
hicle specifications, the specification difference is
described by using abbreviations.
• For V.I.N., refer to the ID section. <Ref. to ID-2,
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER AND LABEL LOCA-
TIONS, IDENTIFICATION, Identification.>
13.HARNESS REPAIR KIT
The connector adapting to Harness repair kit is
shown as “HR” in the right-upper of connector num-
ber. Refer to “Harness Repair Kit” for harness re-
pair kit. <Ref. to WI-184, SPECIFICATION,
Harness Repair Kit.>
 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

E: CONNECTOR SYMBOL IN WIRING HARNESS

A number of connector symbols are used in each wiring diagram to easily identify the wiring harness con-
nectors.

Standard type: Female

Pole: From 1 to 8 Pole: From 9 to 20 Pole: More than 21

Standard type: Male

Water proof type: Female

Pole: From 1 to 8 Pole: From 9 to 20 Pole: More than 21

Water proof type: Male

WI-02756

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 Basic Diagnostic Procedure
WIRING SYSTEM

F: ABBREVIATION IN WIRING DIAGRAMS

Abbr. Full name Abbr. Full name
A/B Airbag OP Optional Parts or Open
A/C Air Conditioner P Parking Range
A/F Air/Fuel (Air fuel ratio sensor) PASS Passing
ABS Antilock Brake System PCV Purge Control Valve
ABSCM Antilock Brake System Control Module P-VIGN P-V Ignition Relay
ACC Accessory R Reverse Range
AT Automatic Transmission RH Right Hand
ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid RL Rear Left
AUX Auxiliary Audio Input Terminal RLD Rear Left Down
AVCS Active Valve Control System RLU Rear Left Up
AWD All Wheel Drive RR Rear Right
B Battery RRD Rear Right Down
CAN Controller Area Network RRU Rear Right Up
COM Computer SBF Slow Blow Fuse
CPC Canister Purge Control ST Starter
CPU Central Integrated Circuit TCM AT Control Module
D Drive Range or Down TGV Tumble Generator Valve
E Ground U Up
EBD Electric Brake Distribution WASH Washer
ECM Engine Control Module
Electronically Erasable and Programma-
EEPROM
ble Read Only Memory
EGI Electric Gasoline Injection
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
ELR Emergency Locking Retractor
F/B Fuse & Relay Box
FL Front Left Hand
FLD Front Left Down
FLU Front Left Up
FR Front Right Hand
FRD Front Right Down
FRU Front Right Up
FWD Front Wheel Drive
GND Ground
H/L Headlight
HI High
HID High Intensity Discharge
I/F Interface
IG Ignition
INT Intermittent
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LH Left Hand
LO Low
M Motor
M/B Main Fuse Box
MT Manual Transmission
N Neutral Range
NA Natural Aspiration

WI-13