TOURISM

Recreational Tourism, Marine Tourism, Nature Tourism, Cultural

Tourism, and Convention Tourism are part of Tourism that is required peoples
when they do a tourism travel. Those are tourism is carried out on a trip in
temporarily that is conducted from one place to another, with the intention not to
make a bussiness or make a living in the place is visited, but only to enjoy the
journey for sightseeing and recreation or to fulfill diverse desires. Those are
tourism also must be one of the development sectors is promoted by the
government for the development of a country specifically as foreign exchange
earner. In developing those tourism is also aim to introduce and utilize the beauty
of a country’s nature and culture to get the people in doing a travel.

The first is Recreational Tourism, which is an activity carried out to

refresh of body and spirit. This is an activity is done by someone besides working.
The commonly activities that is carried out for recreation are tourism, sports, play
and hobbies. Recreational activities are generally carried out on weekends.
Another point that recreation is an activity carried out by people intentionally as
pleasure or for satisfaction, generally in leisure time. Recreation has many forms
of activity everywhere depending on individual choices. Some recreation is
passive like watching television or being active like sports.

The most popular recreation for many people is watching television. The
average one television set in American homes is watched around 7 hours per day.
Other popular forms of recreation are hobbies and gardening, stamp collections,
playing cards and chess, going to cultural celebrations, and visiting museums,
theaters, concerts and so on. In America, the most popular recreation are go to
zoos, aquariums, fairs and carnivals, picnics, drive cars, walk and jogging, swim,
travel, watch sports, participate in sports and games, fishing, and cross country.
All those activities in tourism recreation is a healthy activity on social, physical
and mental aspects which is part of the typical human life needs fulfilled to
provide balance, harmony, tranquility and enthusiasm for life, where natural
recreation or natural tourism is one form of natural resource utilization based on
the principle of natural sustainability.

The second is Marine Tourism which is an activity to spend time enjoying

the beauty and uniqueness of the area along the coast and also the ocean. In short,
Marine Tourism is a recreation on the beach or the sea. There are many activities
that can be done at the beach or the sea such as: Explore and enjoy the amazing
beauty of the underwater world. There are lots of marine life and very beautiful
rocks on the ocean floor. By exploring the ocean floor, we can enjoy the beauty
while learning many new things. Activities exploring the underwater world are
often called Sea Walker which means exploring the ocean. This activity is usually
carried out around the coast or shallow water. The next one are diving and
snorkeling which his activity is carried out using diving equipment. The purpose
of this activity is in addition to recreation as a means to learn about the diversity
of life in the ocean. The other one is Water sportswhich the types of activities
such as speedboats, surfing and pedaling boats fall into this category. The next
one is Enjoy the sea. For those who like to enjoy fish, this type of activity will
definitely never be missed. Enjoying the seafood obtained directly from the ocean
certainly has different tastes. And the last is Eco Tourism or better known as
conservation which is an activities aims to provide knowledge to tourists to
protect the coastal and marine ecosystems from damage.

The potential for marine tourism is also very beneficial for the community
such as: Enhancing Economy that this type will have a direct impact on residents
of the communities around the coast and the sea. Local residents can get
additional income from offering services and products to tourists. As for the
economic sector, it will also move in a positive direction along with the faster
circulation of money and services in a region. The next is increasing regional
income from the tourism sector will increase significantly. The next one is
Conservation Facilities. Every tourist can know various things related to the
marine world and it is hoped that this can increase awareness to preserve nature.
And the last is educational facilities. There are things that are better than learning
directly by seeing and knowing the object being studied. By carrying out maritime
recreational activities, every tourist will get knowledge about many things related
to the ocean.

The third is Nature Tourism which is a recreational and tourism activity

that utilizes the potential of nature to enjoy natural beauty both unspoiled and
already cultivated, so that there is a tourist attraction to the place. Natural tourism
used as a balancer of life after a very dense activity, and a city atmosphere. So that
by doing nature tourism the body and our minds become refreshed and can work
more creatively because nature tourism allows us to obtain physical and spiritual
pleasure. In doing natural tourism we must preserve the area still natural, provide
economic benefits and maintain the integrity of the local culture so that it can
become a tourist village, so that the village has tourism potential equipped with
supporting facilities such as transportation or lodging.

Nature tourism can also be defined as a forest area that is not only used as
a conservation area but also used as a tourist forest and natural recreation.
Although it is used as a tourist place, its management must not conflict with the
principles of conservation and protection of nature. This is because conservation
areas have a diversity of ecosystems inhabited by various types of rare flora and
fauna that must be preserved. The diversity of these ecosystems makes tamana
natural tourism not only in the forest, but tourists can also see the beauty of other
ecosystems such as lake ecosystems and grassland ecosystems. Nature tourism
parks are not only on land, but also in the sea. For example the underwater park
that has the beauty of the ocean scenery in the form of the beauty of coral reefs
and ornamental fish. Some examples of Nature tourism are Taman Nasional
Gunung Leuser at Aceh, Taman Nasional Baluran at East Java, Laut Bunaken at
North Sulawesi and Green Canyon at West Java and Lake Toba at North
Sumatera. The existence of natural tourism, it provides many benefits such as
Recreation and nature tourism places, suitable places for the learning process for
all ages, as a means of research, as a support for cultural activities, increase
economic growth, improve people's welfare, preserve nature, the environment,
and resources, foster a sense of love for the homeland, strengthen themselves and
unity of the nation, strengthen friendship between the nations.
 The fourth is Cultural Tourism which is a journey made on the basis of
desire to broaden one's outlook on life by visiting or visiting other places, learning
about people's conditions and their customs, culture and art. Cultural tourism is
also carried out by a person or group by visiting certain places for recreational
purposes, personal development, or learning about cultural attraction by utilizing
the cultural potential of the place visited. this type of tourism activity also uses
culture as its object. Existing cultural diversity in a place can be used as a tourist
attraction for tourists to visit. This cultural tourism concerns the uniqueness and
uniqueness of the culture, can be in the form of arts, ceremonies or works of art of
the local community. in this case, cultural tourism must be preserved because it is
an element of tourism that attracts tourists most especially foreign tourists to come
to that place. The development of the tourism industry can stimulate cultural
development because intentional or not, culture will continue to grow. In addition,
tourists can find out and learn the patterns of social behavior of citizens, customs,
habits, and other cultural and cultural heritage. In other words, cultural tourism
has cultural objects and attractions in the form of historical, archaeological and
artistic heritage that have unique and socio-cultural distinctions and ancient
inheritance that are second to none.

There are several types of cultural tourism such as: Religious tourism -
which is usually carried out by people with one main belief to visit places that
they think provide spiritual meaning. Educational tourism - which is usually
carried out by people or children with the aim of learning something from the
attractions they visit. Historical tourism - which is usually done by people with the
aim of knowing history or seeing historical objects and studying the past from a
tourist attraction that he visited. City tourism - which is done by people to visit
other cities and explore the city while learning new cultures that are different from
their domicile. Customary tourism - carried out by people to visit traditional
tourism objects with the aim of knowing the patterns, potentials, architecture, and
habits of indigenous peoples from an area. Art tourism - carried out by people to
visit a tourist attraction that has high art, both performance and visual arts. This
cultural tourism also has the benefits of preserving culture, adding cultural insight,
studying history, elevating the image of the nation, fostering a sense of love for
the homeland, adding to the national economy, Strengthen friendship between
nations, preserve nature, study the uniqueness of a region, increase experience,
and unite the nation.

And the last one is Convention Tourism which is meeting of a group of

people who are together exchange experiences and information through talks,
hear, learn and discuss certain topics. Tour implementation of the convention was
held will go through activities association meeting activities, company meetings
and trade shows and exhibitions. Commonly, the Convention tourism components
are known as MICE, namely Meeting, Incentive, Conference, and Exhibition
which based upon industry, profession, and fandom. Trade conventions typically
focus on a particular industry or industry segment, and feature keynote speakers,
vendor displays, and other information and activities of interest to the event
organizers and attendees. Professional conventions focus on issues of concern
along with advancements related to the profession. Such conventions are generally
organized by societies or communities dedicated to promotion of the topic of
interest. Fan conventions usually feature displays, shows, and sales based on pop
culture and guest celebrities. Science fiction conventions traditionally partake of
the nature of both professional conventions and fan conventions, with the balance
varying from one to another. Conventions also exist for various hobbies, such as
gaming or model railroads. Conventions are often planned and coordinated, often
in exacting detail, by professional meeting and convention planners, either by
staff of the convention's hosting company or by outside specialists.

Finally, Tourism is an activity that can directly touch and involve the
community, so that there is reciprocity between society and tourism. Even tourism
is said to have considerable energy that can make local people experience changes
in various aspects of their lives. Therefore the development of the tourism
industry is one of the strategies used by the community to promote certain areas as
tourist areas to increase trade through the sale of goods and services to non-local
people.