Chapter – 1

Number system

Number system represents a valuable set of numbers that consists of natural numbers,

integers, real numbers, irrational numbers, rational numbers and goes on.

Set of counting numbers is called the Natural Numbers

N=1,2,3,4,5,...

Set of Natural numbers plus Zero is called the Whole Numbers

W=0,1,2,3,4,5,....
Note:
So all natural Number are whole number but all whole numbers are not
natural numbers

Examples:

2 is Natural Number
-2 is not a Natural number
0 is a whole number
Integers

Lets look at what are integers

Integers is the set of all the whole number plus the negative of Natural
Numbers
Z=..,−7,−6,−5,−4,−3,−2,−1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,..Z=..,
−7,−6,−5,−4,−3,−2,−1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,..
Note

 So integers contains all the whole number plus negative of all the
natural numbers
 the natural numbers without zero are commonly referred to as
positive integers

Rational and Irrational Numbers

Rational Number

p
A number is called rational if it can be expressed in the form   where
q
p and q are integers (q> 0).
Important Points to Note

 every integers, natural and whole number is a rational number as

they can be expressed in terms of p/q
 There are infinite rational number between two rational number
 They either have termination decimal expression or repeating
non terminating decimal expression.SO if a number whose
decimal expansion is terminating or non-terminating recurring
then it is rational

Irrational Number

A number is called rational if it cannot be expressed in the form p/q

where p and q are integers (q> 0).
Example :√ 3, :√ 5, :√ 2 , π,etc.