INSTRUCTION MANUAL

High Speed Disc Centrifuge

SPT 41-PO
S. Number:
 SPT
SAFETY MEASURES
FOR HIGH SPEED SEPARATORS

The bowl of a centrifugal separator rotates at a very high speed and great forces
are generated.
To ensure the safety of personnel and equipment:
 Always follow the safety instructions and precautions.
 Carefully follow the instructions in the instruction manual concerning
installation, assembly of the components, operation and regular maintenance.
 Always use genuine SPT spare parts and tools.
 Ensure that all operators who run and service a separator are well trained and
knowledgeable about the machine and its mode of operation.

NONCOMPLIANCE MAY CAUSE SERIOUS ACCIDENTS

BEFORE INITIAL START-UP OF NEW/OVERHAULED

MACHINES
 Never transport or lift a separator with its bowl installed. This may
cause bearing and bowl spindle damage.

 Ensure that the gear housing has been filled with the correct
quantity of specified oil.

 Check that installation and tightness of rubber vibration dampers

between frame and foundation is according to instructions.

 Many separators are equipped with paring disc liquid discharge.

It is important that the paring device/feed tube assembly has
correct height adjustment and is securely tightened before ma-
chine is operated. See instruction manual for detailed instruct-
ions.

 Be sure to check that the frequency and voltage of the current

to be connected comply with machine specifications.

 Make sure that the separator frame, control boxes and cabinets
are connected to earth (ground) in accordance with local regu-
lations.

 Note that a separator must never be started without its bowl.

This may damage its bearings.

 Be sure that the motor rotates in the same direction as arrow on

separator frame. The lock ring(s) of the bowl may unscrew if it
rotates in the wrong direction.

Check the operating rpm with an empty bowl against the value
specified in the instruction book. Self-cleaning separators are to
be checked before the operating water is introduced (open
bowl.)
SPT

 NEVER start the machine before the lock rings of the bowl,
inlet and outlet devices, frame hood, clamps, pipe
couplings and other fastenings have been securely
tightened. Note that the assembly mark Ф on the main lock
ring must be aligned or pass the mark Ф on bowl body or
bowl hood when lock ring is fully tightened. In this position
there must be proper compression of disc stack.

 The brake should always be released before start.

 If machine is equipped with vibration alarm unit check the

setting and adjust it if necessary to individual process
conditions.

 If unusual vibration occurs INCREASE IMMEDIATELY THE LIQUID

FEED, PRODUCT OR WATER TO A MAXIMUM. Switch off motor,
but leave the program controls on. If possible, turn the discharge
frequency to OFF position and apply the brake. After the bowl has
stopped completely, dismantle, clean and check all parts carefully.
Do no operate until the cause of the vibration has been identified
and eliminated.

 Ensure there is no leakage from piping connections on the se-

parator and to/from the separator.

 NEVER loosen any part of the machine until the bowl has come to
a COMPLETE STANDSTILL.

 NEVER use the machine for separating liquid which is more

corrosive or has higher density, higher temperature, different
characteristics of the solids, etc. than originally specified. Consult
your SPT representative.

 Follow local safety regulations concerning inflammable, toxic, or

corrosive process media. Affix information and warning notices in
prominent places.
 SPT

TO BE OBSERVED FOR SAFE OPERATION OF NOZZLE TYPE SEPARATORS.

 Never start the machine without being sure that the bowl is
clean and all nozzles are open. Supervise the entire starting
cycle.

 Always run and stop the machine with a sufficient flow of liquid
into the bowl to keep it filled. This reduces the unbalance if
clogging of nozzle/nozzles should occur.

 Take precautions to ensure that the feed or other liquid supply

is never accidentally shut off when the bowl is in motion. Pro-
vide an emergency water/liquid supply which is always available
for feeding in the event the ordinary supply fails, for example
due to power or pump failure.

 Always use strainers in the feed lines for product, cleaning liq-
uid and water. Their mesh size must be smaller than the nozzle
size.

 The function of the bowl’s discharge mechanism is vital for safe

operation of the separator. It is therefore absolutely necessary
to have an uninterrupted flow of clean, soft (dehardened)
water/liquid at prescribed constant pressure. Ensure that the
entering pressure does not fall below the minimum level
required and does not exceed the maximum level allowed.

MAINTENANCE
 Switch off and, if possible, lock out the power to the machine
and allow it to stop completely before starting any dismantling
work. Hang up warning signs against turning on power.

 A separator bowl is balanced as a complete unit. Do not

interchange the components of a bowl with those of any other
bowl. Make sure that no parts are left out during assembly.

 NEVER heat rotate bowl parts, such as bowl body, bowl hood,
lock rings, etc. with a naked flame or attempt repairs by
welding. This could destroy the mechanical and structural
strength of the material.

 NEVER operate the machine when the assembly mark Ф, on the

main lock surpasses the corresponding mark on bowl body/bowl
hood by more than 25 degrees.
Consult your SPT representative.
SPT

 The disc stack gradually settles and looses compression force. At

each maintenance routine, check whether more discs are to be
added in order to assure correct compression. NEVER remove a
disc without replacing it with a new one. When reassembling be
sure to assemble slotted discs in the same order that they pre-
viously had.

 At each service occasion or at least every third month the most

important parts should be checked for damage. Special attention
should be given to bowl pillars at sludge discharge ports, threads
of bowl body/main lock ring as well as the frame and the upper
frame part which is permanently hit by the ejected solids and/or
the operating water. If the process conditions are corrosive or
erosive, the frequency must be increased.

 Make sure that the brake is in good condition on machines

equipped with brake.

IF YOU ARE UNCERTAIN OF ANY POINTS,

CONTACT YOUR SPT
REPRESENTATIVE

SPT SERVICE

For reliability and safe operation we recommend that

your separator is inspected at regular intervals by
SPT service engineers. These inspections will also
ensure that your separator is working efficiently and
economically.
SPT
SPT

CHAPTER CHAPTER

Useful Lubrication
information

CHAPTER CHAPTER
Technical Inlet
information Bowl
Outlet

CHAPTER CHAPTER
Data Operating
Trouble tracing

CHAPTER CHAPTER
Set of tools Cleaning
Set of Maintenance
spares

CHAPTER CHAPTER

Installation Power
transmission
SPT

CHAPTER CHAPTER
Mounting Accessories
the motor

CHAPTER CHAPTER
Frame parts Supplement

ALPHABETIC REGISTER
 SPT

ALPHABETIC REGISTER
CHAPTER CHAPTER
Abbreviations A Number of revolutions C
Accessories X
Oil check H
Ball bearings L Oil drain H, S
Bowl I Oil exchange H
Bowl spindle P Oil for worm gear H
Brake S Oil gauge H, S
Oiling L
Clarification B Operation K
Cleaning L Ordering parts A
Cleaning agents L Outlet I
Clutch coupling P Overhaul L

Data C Paring disc B, I

Dimensioned drawing G Pipes G
Direction of rotation R Power required C
Discharge nozzle B, G, I Power transmission P
Drive R Pump X
Purification B
Electric cable R
Revolution counter S
Factors influencing the B Running K
separation
Fittings X
Foundation G Selection of discharge B
nozzle
Frame erection S Separation K
Frame parts S Separation, techniques of B
Friction blocks P Service interruptions L
Friction pads L, P, S Spares for accessories C
Spares, ordering routine A
Gear housing oil H Starting K
General information A Strainer K
Supplementary instructions Y
Height regulations L
Hinged bolts S Thread check L
Tools, set of F
Inlet I Trouble tracing K
Installation G
Worm P
Linings L, P, S Worm wheel P
Lock ring thread L Worm wheel shaft P
Lubrication H
Lubricating the lock ring H
Lubrication points H

Maintenance L
Motor R
Motor output C
(As this register is common to a number
of related types, one or more key words
cited above may be missing in the
text.)
 SPT
A
GENERAL INFORMATION

Contents – Disposition – Supplement – Type Denomination.

Serial Number – Safety Regulations – Lubrication.
Cleaning – Special Tools – Abbreviations – Ordering Routine.

Correct installation, suitable treatment of the liquid before

and after the passage through the machine, correct operation
and handling of the machine according to the directions given
in this book, cleanliness, carefulness and methodical overhaul
are factors of the greatest importance for ensuring the best
machine function and intended results.

CONTENTS As appears from the table of contents, the Instruction Manual

contains instructions concerning installation and operation,
dismantling and assembly as well as cleaning and overhaul.
Since practically all machine parts have been identified by a
part number, the instruction Book serves also as a PART NUMBER
LIST (SPARE PARTS LIST).

The Instruction Manual deals not only with parts and devices
included in the standard design, but may also with special and
alternative equipment.

The constructional particulars given in the Instruction Manual

are not binding. We reserve the right to make alterations
without previous notice. Reconstructions made after delivery
are not followed by new Instruction Manuals.

DISPOSITION Every chapter of this manual has its own reference letter
which is placed in the right hand top corner of each page. The
chapters are arranged in alphabetical order. Whenever
reference is made to a page of the Instruction Manual in any
form of communication with us, please state the reference
letter and the heading of the chapter in question.
 SPT
GENERAL INFORMATION A
SUPPLEMENT If the Instruction Manual is intended for a machine made to
special order, supplementary instructions are often given in
chapter Y – please check this before placing the machine in
service. Supplementary data (on treatment of liquid, weight
etc.) are often found also in the technical information
submitted in connection with the purchase.
The SPT representative is always glad to provide advice and
information beyond the contents of this instruction Book.

TYPE DENOMINATION It may occur that the type denomination stated on the type
SERIAL NO. plate of the machine and on the title page of the
Instruction Manual are not exactly identical. In such cases
the Serial No. of the machine shall be the determining
factor; the correct Instruction Manual is always marked with
the serial number appearing on the type plate. Always state
the type denomination indicated on the type plate when
ordering spares.

SAFETY REGULATIONS Chapter K contains a survey of the safety regulations which

must ABSOLUTELY be observed when the machine is to be used.
The electric installation must be done by an experienced
electrician with knowledge of the local safety stipulations.
It should be noted that, as a rule, the Instruction Manual
contains no safety regulations necessitated by any special
properties of the process liquid, such as inflammability,
toxicity or corrosiveness.

LUBRICATION As a rule, the mounting instructions only state the parts

CLEANING that require lubrication or cleaning. All information on
lubricants and cleaning agents to be used is given in
chapters H and L.

SPECIAL TOOLS The design of the special tools appear from chapter F.
 SPT
GENERAL INFORMATION A
ORDERING ROUTINE When ordering spare parts always state the PART NUMBER and
NAME the TYPE DENOMINATION of the machine as indicated on
the type plate.
Always order the spare parts based on the Instruction
Manual that has the serial number of the actual machine
stamped on its title page.

Model order form

Delivery It may occur that the part number of a delivered

part differs from that in the Instruction Manual.
In such cases, the new part is at least
equivalent to and fully interchangeable with the
old one.
 SPT
GENERAL INFORMATION A
(Ordering Routine, page 2)

In cases when the machine has been rebuilt after delivery,

or if the part number is not included in the Instruction
Manual, or when in doubt about the correct part number for
other reasons, the purchaser or customer should quote the
model type and the serial number indicated on the TYPE
PLATE.

Coupling pulley,
Belt pulley

Besides part number and name (see chapter R) also

state the dimensions b, c and D of the motor shaft.
When ordering a coupling pulley also state the
suitable nave length a.
 SPT GENERAL INFORMATION A

ABBREVIATIONS H = hour

l/h = litres per hour

r/m = r.p.m. = revolutions per minute

Hz (Herz) = c/s = cycle per second

Ф = diameter

SAE class = indication of oil viscosity according to the

Society of Automotive Engineers, U.S.A

SSU = Saybolt Seconds Universal: indication of oil

viscosity

°E = degrees Engler: indication of oil viscosity

EP = Extreme Pressure: lubricant with additives making

it capable of resisting high contact pressure

ASTM = American Society for Testing Materials

NLGI classes = classification of lubricating grease by

penetration after processing according to National
Lubricating Grease Institute, U.S.A.

ISO = standards of processing according to the

International Organization for Standardizing
 SPT
B
TECHINICAL INFORMATION

Function – Definitions – Factors influencing the Process –

FUNCTION The purpose of the operation is either to liberate a liquid

from strange particles, or to separate two intermixed liquids.

DEFINITIONS
Throughput This means the quantity of liquid supplied per unit time. The
throughput is given in cu.m/h or 1/h (Imp.galls/h).

Reception ability This means the largest liquid quantity that the bowl can
treat per unit time, expressed in cu.m/h or 1/h
(Imp.galls/h).

Clarification A liquid – sludge separation in which the machine is used to

separate particles, normally solid ones, from a liquid having
a lower specific gravity than that of the particles.

Purification A liquid – liquid separation in which the machine is used for

separating two intermixed liquids, which are insoluble in
each other and have different specific gravities. Solids with
specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can be
separated off at the same time.

Concentration A liquid – liquid separation in which the machine is used for

separating two intermixed liquids, which are insoluble in
each other and have different specific gravities, the heavier
liquid constituting the major part of the mixture. Solids
with specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can
be separated off at the same time.
 SPT
TECHNIQUES OF SEPARATION B
FACTORS INFLUENCING
THE SEPARATION

Difference in The centrifugal force acts on all particles proportionally

specific gravity to their specific gravity. This applies to solid particles
as well as to fluid particles. The greater the difference
in specific gravity, the easier the separation.

Size and shape of The larger the particle, the quicker the sedimentation. The
particles particles to be separated off must not be so small that the
mixture is close to colloidal state. The smooth and round
particle is easier separated off than the irregular one.
Rough treatment, such as in pumps, can split the particles,
with reduced size and separating speed as a result.

Viscosity The more fluid a liquid is, the quicker is the separating
process and the better the separation – in other words, low
viscosity improves the separation result. The viscosity can
in many cases be reduced by heating.

Time in If the separation is not satisfactory, the throughput must

centrifugal field be reduced, lower throughput gives, normally, a better
separation result.
SPT
TECHNIQUES OF SEPARATION B

Centrifugal force Concentrator bowl

This bowl has two outlets. The process liquid
flows through the distributor to the
Bowl parts
interspace between the bowl discs, where the

Process liquid liquid phases are separated from each other

by action of the centrifugal force. The heavy

Heavy liquid phase phase and any solids move along the underside
of the bowl discs towards the periphery of

Light liquid phase the bowl, where the solids settle on the bowl
wall.

Solids The heavy phase proceeds along the upper side

of the top disc towards the neck of the bowl
Diameter of inner hood and discharges over the gravity disc - the
outlet
outer way (blue in the illustration).
Diameter of outer The light phase moves along the upper side of
outlet the bowl discs towards the bowl centre and dis-
Diameter of charges via the top disc neck – the inner
interface Inner way (yellow in the illustration).
 SPT
The paring disc has for its object to
discharge the liquid under pressure.
The liquid rotates, driven by the ro-
tating paring chamber, in the form of a
ring around the stationary paring disc.
This dips radically, to a greater or
smaller depth, into the rotating liquid
ring, which exerts a pressure rising
rapidly with increasing diameter. The
pressure produced by the paring disc is
composed partly of the ―centrifugal
pressure‖ prevailing at the periphery,
partly of the kinetic energy of the
rotating liquid ring which is converted
more or less completely into pressure
energy.
TECHNIQUES OF SEPARATION B
When the throughput is small and there
is no back pressure in the discharge
line, the inner diameter of the liquid
ring will practically equal the outer
diameter of the paring disc. If the li-
quid must overcome a back pressure,
such as a high delivery head or press-
sure-absorbing apparatuses, the dia-
meter of the liquid ring in the paring
chamber will diminish until the back
pressure is neutralized. Thus the par-
ing disc will pump out all liquid fed
to the paring chamber (nothwithstanding
the back pressure) up to the highest
pres-sure the paring disc can produce
at this liquid quantity.
 SPT TECHNIQUES OF SEPARATION B

SELECTION OF The size of the orifices in the discharge nozzles must be

DISCHARGE NOZZLE suited to the flow to the machine, the content of solids in
the flow, the quantity of concentrate wanted and desired
concentration of the latter.

Graph The graph, which applies to operation with water,

shows how the flow through the nozzles increase with
increasing orifice diameter in the nozzles. The figure
in the parenthesis after the type denomination
indicates the normal number of nozzles in the bowl.
Y = Total flow through all nozzles in m3/h.
X = orifice diameter in mm.
 SPT
C
DATA
Supplementary particulars (such as weight data) are contained
In the technical information sent to you in connection with the
purchase of the machine.

MOTOR DATA
Power required Suitable motor output: 18,5 kW(25 HP)
Starting power: 17 kW(23 HP)
Working power (depending on throughput):
12 – 14 kW (16-19 HP)

MACHINE DATA
Speed in r.p.m The prescribed speed of the worm wheel shaft, which must not be
exceeded, is stamped on the type plate of the machine.

 With direct coupling: 4-polar, 50 c/s A.C motor or D.C. motor.

 With direct coupling: 4-polar, 60 c/s A.C. motor

LUBRICATING OIL Oil type: Depending on motor size and working temperature
FOR WORM GEAR according to specification in chapter H.
HOUSING
Oil charge for filling to operation level: 12 1
(2, 6 Imp.galls).
 SPT
F
SET of TOOLS

The special tools for the bowl are preferably hung up as

close to the machine (or the cleaning place) as
possible. If a tool is provided with left-hand thread or
intended for a left-hand screwed joint, this has been
specially pointed out in the dismantling and assembling
instructions. Notification in this respect is not made
where right-hand thread is concerned.

SPECIAL TOOLS for INLET

and OUTLET.

Lifting tool for

Pin spanner for distributor
--11107
inlet tube
--11101

Spanner for cap nut

--11108
SPECIAL TOOLS for BOWL

Small bowl
spanner
--11102
(2 screws
--11103)
Lifting tool for
bowl body
--11109
Large bowl
spanner
--11104

Extractor for level

tube
--11110

Lifting tool for

bowl hood
--11105

Internal gauge for

discharge nozzle
--11111
Tin hammer
--11106
 SPT SET OF TOOLS F
(Tools for bowl, page 2) SPECIAL TOOLS for CLUTCH
COUPLING and WORM WHEEL
Cleaning and maintenance
SHAFT

Puller for coupling

Sludge knife pulley
--11112 --11118
To be used together
with screws of
coupling pulley.
Syringe for
discharge nozzle
--11113 Pin spanner for
round nut
--11119

Socket wrench
(8mm) for Driving sleeve for
discharge nozzle ball bearing
--11114 -11120

Cleaning needle for

discharge nozzle
-11115

Lining-up tool for

bushing
--11116

Mounting tool for

bushing
-11117
 SPT SET OF TOOLS F
SPECIAL TOOLS for BOWL VARIOUS SPECIAL TOOLS
SPINDLE

Hook spanner
Lifting tool for --11126
bowl spindle
--11121

t-handle
Protective disc --11127
--11122
Rod
--11128

Driving-off Socket (2)

sleeve for top 14mm –11129
ball bearing 19mm –11130
--11123 24mm --11131

Driving-off
Lifting tool for sleeve for top
bottom bearing ball bearing
--11124 --11132

Pin spanner for

throw-off collar
of top bearing
--11125
 SPT SPARE PART NUMBERS F
SPECIAL SPARE PART Listed below are some spare part numbers which for
NUMBERS practical reasons have not been inserted in the
chapter where they properly belong.

Discharge nozzle
Hole diameter Part
(comp. chapter I)
(mm) number
1.45 41137-B
1.60 41137-C
1.80 41137-A

Power trans- Speed of worm 1420- 1700-

mission wheel shaft 1500 1800
(comp. chapter P) in r.p.m
Worm wheel 41145-A 41145-B

Worm spindle 41159-A 41159-B

The speed of the worm wheel shaft is indicated on the

type plate.
Always check that the old worm gear part and the new
one have same number of teeth.
With D.C or A.C. 50 c/s operate the machine at a speed
of 1420-1500 r.p.m
With A.C 60 c/s operate the machine at a speed of
1700-1800 r.p.m
 SPT
G

INSTALLATION This chapter deals with the mounting of the machine and with
the actions to be taken before the first start. The SPT
representative is always glad to provide further advice and
information.

DIMENSIONED All measurements needed for the installation are given in the
DRAWING dimensioned drawing, the reference numbers of which are
explained below. (The table applies to several types of
separator and thus comprises more reference numbers than are
found in the drawing.)

1 Feed 40 Inlet 80 Condensation water

2 From heater 41 Outlet 81 Interface control
3 To heater 42 Concentrate 82 Pump for feed and discharge
4 Light effluent 43 Operating liquid 83 Discharge pump
5 Heavy effluent 44 Ventilation 84 Three-way valve
6 Solid effluent 45 Air or other gas (except steam) 85 Plate heat exchanger
7 Overflow liquid 46 Waste liquid 86 Skimmilk
8 Drain 47 Constant pressure valve 87 Whey
9 Auxiliary liquid for liquid 48 Flow meter 88 Bowl emptying
seal 49 Shut-off valve 89 Draw-off

10 Auxiliary liquid for liquid 50 Control valve 90 Nozzle flow

11 seal 51 Flow indicator 91 Flow-control valve
12 Auxiliary liquid 52 Sight glass 92 Flushing liquid
13 Flushing liquid 53 Electric connection 93 Barrier liquid
14 Self-emptying 54 Brake handle 94 Check valve
15 Air or other gas (except steam) 55 Revolution counter 95 Pressure regulator
16 Operating liquid 56 Oil filling screw 96 Pressure gauge
17 Operating liquid 57 Oil gauge glass 97 Fixed throttling
18 Cooling air 58 Oil drain screw 98 Pilot liquid
19 Cooling air 59 Waste liquid 99 Indicator gas
ventilation
20 Ventilation 60 Shut-off valve 100 Cooling liquid
21 Return flow 61 Feed pump 101 Compressed air
22 Electric connection 62 Strainer 102 Vibration switch
23 Effluent 63 Light liquid feed 103 Oil level switch
24 Raw material 64 Heavy liquid feed 104 Protective gas
25 Treated raw material 65 Light effluent 105 Protective gas
26 Steam 66 Heavy effluent
27 Waste liquid 67 Barrier liquid
28 Flushing liquid 68 Air or other gas (except steam)
29 reagent 69 Protective gas

30 Flushing liquid 70 Protective gas

31 Barrier liquid 71 Electric connection
32 Barrier liquid 72 Cream
33 Barrier liquid 73 Thermometer
34 Barrier liquid 74 Strainer
35 Waste liquid 75 Steam preheater
36 Ventilation 76 Operating water tank
37 Air or other gas (except steam) 77 Sludge tank
38 Water feed 78 Sludge pump
39 Outlet for bowl emptying 79 Softening filter
SPT
SPT
 SPT INSTALLATION G
UNPACKING Place bowl parts on a soft (e.g. wooden) surface. Check against
packing list to ensure that all parts have been unpacked.

FOUNDATION The foundation must be firm, level and free from vibration. It
may be constructed of girders, concrete or the like. Details of
bolt sizes, spacing between bolts, etc. are given in the
dimensioned drawing. The distance to the nearest wall must not
be less than the minimum indicated in the dimensioned drawing.
Make sure that piping, pumps and other apparatus are placed so
as to be readily accessible for inspection.

FRAME. ERECTION See chapter S. all necessary measurements are given in the
dimensioned drawing. Note that anchor bolts and nuts are not
included in the delivery.

BOWL. INLET. Dismantle and if necessary clean he parts in contact with

OUTLET liquid – see chapter I. Make sure that the seal rings are
fitted in their positions (in some cases these are delivered in
a separate package in the packing case). If the cap nut is in
position on the bowl spindle, unscrew it (clockwise) before
mounting the bowl body. Before the machine is started the bowl
must be assembled according to the direction in chapter I.

LUBRICATION The machine must not under any circumstances, run without oil
in the oil reservoir. See chapter H.

HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT Check according to the directions in chapter L.

MOTOR MOUNTING See chapter R.

It is imperative that the worm gear housing should contain oil
when the motor is tested for correct wiring (direction of
rotation). If the machine is to be run up to full speed, the
bowl must be in position on the spindle and the outlet housing
and the bowl hood must be fastened and secured.
 SPT INSTALLATION G
Piping Fit the pipes and hoses so that the inlet and outlet
connections of the machine are not subjected to strain.
Tight weld (hard-solder) internal pipe ends in con-
nection sleeves so as to avoid dirt-collecting pockets.
This is particularly important in plants in which high
hygienic demands are made, such as in the food
industry.
Grind and polish all welding seams (hard-solderings)
carefully.
All attachements should be made so as to allow varia-
tions in length and to prevent transmission of strains
and vibrations.
Blow or flush out each section of the piping after
mounting. Also flush out the whole pipe system after
installation so that metallic ashes and other impuri-
ties are removed entirely and cannot get into the
machine, pumps or other apparatuses.

CHECKING Examine the installation before putting the machine

into service. Check particularly:
o That the worm wheel shaft rotates at prescribed
speed and that the bowl rotates in the correct direction.
o That the nuts of the anchor bolts are tightened
according to directions in chapter S.
o That the directions given under the heading
BEFORE STARTING in chapter K have been observed.

CLEANING PLACE A table or a stand for the bowl and its special tools
should be arranged as near the machine as possible.
 SPT
H
LUBRICATION
It should be understood that the mentioning of certain brands
as examples of a suitable lubricant does not involve an ex-
clusion of other brands with equivalent properties.
ABBREVIATIONS – see chapter A.

The machine is delivered without oil in the worm gear

housing. It must NOT be started unless oil in the
quantity and of the quality prescribed has been supp-
lied. A change of the separating temperature can make it
necessary to replace the oil by oil of a different
type.
Lubricants, oil as well as grease, must be kept in clean,
closed cans to prevent penetration of dust and moisture and
to reduce the oxidizing effect of the air. The storing room
should be dry and cool.

LUBRICATION POINT.
LUBRICATION Lubrication point Lubrication instructions see
INSTRUCTIONS chapter

Worm gear housing H

Bowl spindle H

Bowl H and I

Clutch coupling bearings P

Motor See motor manual

Special equipment X
 SPT LUBRICATION H
LUBRICANTS
Lubricating oil Mineral lubricating oil suitable for lubrication of worm
for worm gear gears steel/bronze and splash lubrication of bearings,
housing i.e. hydraulic- and circulating oils or industrial gear
oils.
The separating – and ambient temperatures are decisive
for the viscosity that is to be chosen. See below.
Separating temperature: ±0-30°C Separating temperature: 30-100°C
Ambient temperature: 5-30°C Ambient temperature: 10-30°C
Viscosity at 100°C: 13.0-15.5 cSt Viscosity at 100°C: 16.5-22 cSt
(corresponding to ISO VG 150 or SAE 40) (corresponding to ISO VG 220 or SAE 50)

Viscosity index: min 90 Viscosity index: min 90

Heat resistance: must stand an oil bath Heat resistance: must stand an oil bath
temperature of 100°C for at least 1000 h. temperature of 100°C for at least 1000 h.

Examples: Examples:
BP Energol HLP 150 BP Energol HLP 220
Energol GRXP 150 Energol GRXP 220

Castrol Hyspin AWS 150 Castrol Hyspin ZN 220

Alpha SP 150 Alpha SP 220

Esso Esso Nuto 150 Esso Esso Nuto 220

Spartan EP 150 Spartan EP 220

Gulf Harmony 150 AW Gulf Harmony 220

EP lubricant HD 150 EP lubricant HD 220

Mobil DTE BB Mobil DTE AA

Mobilgear 629 Mobilgear 630

Shell Tellus oil C 150 Shell Tellus oil C 220

Omala oil 150 Omala oil 220

Texaco Regal oil R et O 150 Texaco Regal oil R et O 220

Meropa 150 Meropa 220

Lubricating Lithium-soap type ball bearing grease.

grease NLGI class 2 or 3 usable up to +110°C.

The grease should be vibration-resistant and must

stand small amounts of water.
Examples:
BP Energrease LS 2
Castrol Spheerol APS 2
Mobil Mobilux 2
Shell Alvania R 3
Texaco Regal AFB 2

Consult your SPT representative when choosing oil if the separation

should take place at a temperature that is not stated in the table or
if the ambient temperature should be extremely high or low.
 SPT
LUBRICATION H

(Lubricants, page 2)

Lubricants for screw Light-coloured, non-poisonous lubricating greases

joints and sliding and pastes.
surfaces in contact
with food Examples:
Molykote paste D (White)
―Lubr engineers‖ LE 4025
Polyethylene-castor oil paste
Castor oil

Lubricants for Special lubricant preventing seizing when there

Other screw joints are no specific demands regarding colour and non-
poisonousness. Can under these circumstances be
used for the lock ring- and nut joints of the
bowl.

Examples:
Molykote paste G rapid
Molykote paste 1000
Molykote bounded lubricants 321 R

Lubricant giving the Examples:

same pre-stressing
Molykote paste 1000
after repeated
tightening to a
given tightening
torque
 SPT
LUBRICATION H
LUBRICATION
DIRECTIONS

Worm gear The worm gear and ball bearings are lubricated from the
Housing - filling oil bath of the worm gear housing (splash lubrication).
Supply oil till the oil level reaches the upper half of
the oil gauge glass. The level must never be allowed to
sink below the lower edge of the gauge glass. If the
glass is provided with corrugations they should be
vertical. Keep the glass clean – otherwise a line,
which can be mistaken for the oil level, will in time
build up on the inside of the glass.

Worm gear Check the oil level every time the machine is to
Housing – oil be started, and the oil condition once a week
checking
immediately after the machine has come to
standstill, before any impurities have had time to
settle. This is done as follows: back off the
drain screw some turns and draw an oil sample. If
the oil is heavily contaminated, drain it off and
supply fresh oil. If the machine has been idle
(for instance during a night), screw out the drain
screw some turns and drain off any water.

Worm gear Change the oil the first time after 300 hours of
Housing – oil operation, then after each operating period of 1500
change
hours. Any sediments should be removed by means of
a suitable cleaning agent (see chapter L), which is
drained off through the drain hole. Then wipe off
the gear housing internally with a clean cloth (not
twist). Check that the packings are in perfect
condition. Supply fresh oil.
 SPT LUBRICATION H
Bowl Before every assembly wipe clean the threads of lock
rings, bowl body and bowl hood as well as the contact
surfaces between these parts. If necessary, they should
be cleaned with a clean cloth moistened with cleaning
agent (see chapter L). After wiping, lubricate them
according to one of the alternatives below.

Alternative 1
When the bowl lock ring is made of stainless
steel or monel metal and the bowl body and/or the
bowl hood are of stainless steel, the lock ring
carries the symbol shown in the adjoining drawing.
The following lubrication procedure is recommended:
1. PRIMING with molybdenum disulfide paste, rub or
brush in the paste sparsely all over the surface –
follow the directions printed on the wrapping, if
any. Always prime new parts as well as parts which
have lost their previously applied primer due to
e.g. thorough cleaning or machining.
2. LUBRICATION with Molykote paste 1000 grease
after priming, and before assembly after routine
dismantling as well. Polyethylene-castor oil paste,
castor oil or some other equivalent lubricant can
be used for machines emploied in the food industry
or where dark-coloured lubricants are unsuitable,
for instance Molykote paste D (white).

Alternative 2
When the lock ring is made of carbon steel pri-
ming is normally unnecessary, lubrication alone
will do – for lubricant see above.
However, if a tendency to seizing is observed,
alternative 1 must be applied.
 SPT LUBRICATION H
(Lubricants Directions)

Bowl (cont.)

All surfaces marked in red in the

drawing must be cleaned and
lubricated before the parts are
mounted. Stainless parts and parts
of monel metal are lubricated
according to alternative 1, the
other parts can be lubricated
according to alternative 2a or 2b.
 SPT LUBRICATION H
(Lubricants Directions)
Bowl spindle Once a month, the cone should be lubricated with a little
cone oil or grease, but only very sparsely so that sliding is
avoided.

Motor See the manual accompanying it.

Clutch coupling See chapter P.

Bearings

Accessories See chapter X.

(such as pumps)

Service inter- Remove the bowl and grease or oil the bowl spindle cone.
Vales Before putting the bowl on the spindle again, wipe off the
(several days) lubricant from the cone.
In case of long service intervals it is recommended to
apply anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease to the spindle
cone.
SPT
I
 SPT
INLET.OUTLET I
DISMANTLING

Observer that the bowl MUST be at

rest before the dismantling is
commenced – check that the revolution
counter does not move. Plug
--41101
Unscrew and remove the inlet tube Seal ring
with the special tool – see chapter F --21101

Holder
ASSEMBLING --41102

Put inlet pipe carefully through the Inlet tube

--41103
connection housing. Turn the tube until
its thread engages with that of the
paring disc. Packing
Height adjustment. --31101

Check the height of the paring disc Holder

before mounting the guide ring – see --41104
chapter L.

Sleeve
--41105
Seal ring
Coupling nut
--21102
--41106
Packing
--21103
Connection housing
--41107
Seal ring
--21104
Clamp screw
--41108 Seal ring
--21105
Clamping stirrup Screw (4)
--41109 --51101

Pin (2)
--61101
Guide ring
--41110
Adjusting ring (0-6)
--31102
 SPT INLET.OUTLET I
FRAME HOOD
DISCHARGE BEND

Nut (2)
--51103

Cap (2)
--41111

Screw (3) Screw

--51102 --51104

Hinge sleeve
--41112

Frame hood
--41113

Stop screw
--51105
Nut
--51106

Leading-off
screen
-41114

Seal ring
--21106

Pawl
--see chapter S

Stud bolt (2)

--51107
Seal ring
--21107
Flange
--41115
Discharge bend
--41116

Discharge bend
--41117

Spring (2) – 71101

Nut (2) – 51108

 SPT BOWL I
CONCENTRATOR BOWL
Lock ring
--41118
distributor
(left-hand thread)
--41128
Cover
--41119
Seal ring
-21108
Paring disc Фmm
41120-D 105
41120-E 110
41120-F 115 Erosion guard
41120-G 120 (upper)
41120-H 125
41120-B 95 --41129
41120-C 100
41120-A 90 Cap nut
Guide sleeve --41130
--41121 (left-hand thread)
Seal ring Distributor tube
--21109 (8)—41131
Level tube (8) Distributor inset
--41122 --41132
Packing (8) Screw(4)
--31103 --51109
Lock ring Ring
--41123 --41133
(left-hand thread) Erosion guard
(lower)
--41134

Distributor
Bowl hood
support
--41124 --41135

Bowl body
Seal ring
--41136
-21110
Seal ring
Discharge
--21111
nozzle(8) part
Paring disc
Number - see
--41125
chapter F

Packing (8)
Disc set --31104
Bowl disc
--41126

Seal ring (8)

--21112
Bushing (8)
--41138

Level ring
--41127
SPT BOWL I
DISMANTLING The dismantling can be divided into the stages indicated
by figures in the illustration.
Observer that the bowl MUST be at rest before the
dismantling is commenced – check that the revolution
counter does not move.
Use special tools – see chapter F.
Place the parts on a soft, e.g. wooden or rubber base.

Inlet. Outlet For dismantling – see the beginning of this chapter.

Frame hood Loosen the hinged bolts and open the frame hood.

Lock ring (Stage 1)

Unscrew small lock ring clockwise (left-hand thread).

Cover. Guide Remove cover and guide sleeve with the upper paring disc.
sleeve

Level tubes (Stage 2)

Draw level tubes with packings out of bowl hood. If the
tubes stick, loosen them by knocking with a hammer against
the lower side of the tool shoulder.
Note: Before loosening the large lock ring pull the
level tubes out of the bowl hood.

Lock ring Unscrew the large lock ring clockwise (left-hand thread).
Loosen it by knocking on the spanner handle with a lead
mallet or the like.
Push the spanner forward as far as possible in the hitting
direction before every blow.

Bowl hood Screw the tool anti-clockwise on the bowl hood. Tighten
the centre of the tool to detach the hood from the bowl
body and remove the hood.

Paring disc Remove paring disc from the distributor.

 SPT
BOWL I
(Dismantling)

Distributor (Stage 3)
Draw up the pin ―a‖ of the tool and insert the latter
in the distributor. Depress the pin so as to press the
balls in the tool outwards, and lift out the
distributor with the set of discs.

Erosion guard Remove upper erosion guard.

CLEANING The bowl body is cleaned while remaining in the frame

-see chapter L.
Note: If the bowl body should be taken out of the frame,
proceed as follows:

Cap nut (Stage 4)

Unscrew the nut clockwise.

Distributing inset Remove inset with tubes.

Erosion guard Remove lower guard.

Distributor Lift out support.

support

Bowl body Screw down the lifting tool anti-clockwise on the bowl body
nave and lift out the bowl body. If it sticks to the
spindle, force it loose by tightening the lifting eye of
the tool.

Discharge nozzles Screw out the nozzles out of the bowl body with the
spanner.
 SPT
BOWL I
CLEANING. OVERHAUL. Satisfactory functioning cannot be ensured unless the
LUBRICATION parts in contact with liquid are carefully cleaned
before assembly. This applies particularly to seal
rings, sliding surfaces, guiding and contact
surfaces, and threads. Also take care that no burrs
are knocked up on the metal parts when handling them.
Follow the directions given in chapter L and H.

EXCHANGE of PARTS Each bowl constitutes a balanced unit which will get out of
balance if any parts having an ―‖ added to their part
number in the general drawing are exchanged without the
bowl being rebalanced. To prevent confusion of parts, for
instance when a plant consists of several machines of the
same type, these main parts are stamped either with the
complete manufacturing number or its three last digits.

GUIDES When assembling make sure that the parts are placed in the
position defined by the guides. Be careful not to damage
the guides when handling the parts.

SEAL RINGS. Check seal rings and packings for defects and make sure
PACKINGS that the corresponding grooves and sealing surfaces are
well cleaned.
After mounting check:
…that the ring lies properly (not twisted) in the groove.
…that it fills the groove evenly all around.

THREADS. PRESSURE Check the lock ring threads and the pressure in the disc
IN DISC SET set at regular intervals – see chapter L.

CORROSION. EROSION Aggressive liquids as well as liquids containing very hard

particles may cause corrosion and erosion damage. If
rapidly growing or advanced damage is noticed, consult
your SPT representative.
 SPT BOWL I
ASSEMBLING Assemble the bowl body in the sequence 4, 3, 2 and 1 on the
illustration by means of the special tools.

Bowl spindle cone (Stage 4)

Before placing the bowl body on the bowl spindle clean the
bowl body nave. Apply a little castor oil to the spindle
cone and wipe it with a clean cloth.

Bowl body Screw down the tool anti-clockwise (left-hand thread) on

the bowl body nave and put the bowl body on the spindle.

Discharge nozzles Check that the nozzle seats in the bushings are clean.
Change the nozzle bushing if the thread of the bushing has
been worn or damaged – see maintenance chapter L. screw in
the nozzles with packings in place by means of the spanner.
Selection of nozzle – see chapter B.

Distributor Place the support in the bowl body so that the bore mark in
support one of the high wings comes right in front of the recess in
the bowl body.

Erosion guard Fit the erosion guard into the bowl body.

Distributing inset Push the distributing tubes into the inset and put the
latter in the bowl body.
Cap nut Screw on and tighten the cap nut anti-clockwise on the
spindle.

Erosion guard (Stage 3)

Put on upper guard.

Bowl discs Slip bowl discs over distributor.

Distributor Place the distributor with disc set in the bowl body,
turning the distributor until the guide rail on one of the
distributor ribs opposes the recess in the bowl body. The
recesses in the lower side of the distributor will then fit
over the corresponding wings on the upper side of the
distributor support.
 SPT BOWL I
(Assembling)
Paring disc (Stage 2)
Put paring disc into the distributor, with the thread
downward.

Bowl hood Check that the seal rings are lying properly in the
grooves. Screw the tool anti-clockwise on the hood and put
on the latter so that the guide lug enters the recess in
the bowl body. Never force down the hood by screwing on the
lock ring – check instead whether some part has been
wrongly fitted.
Bowl lock Clean and lubricate the threads of the lock rings and their
contact surfaces with bowl hood and bowl body before every
assembly. Seizing may be the result, especially in new
machines, if this lubrication is neglected or an unsuitable
lubricant is used. Careful lubrication of these surfaces
will prevent unnecessary wear of threads and contact
surfaces.
Large lock ring Screw on the large lock ring anti-clockwise (left-hand
thread) till the bowl hood lies TIGHTLY against the bowl
body.

In a new bowl the tightening marks (see Fig.) will now

Tightening marks
be right in front of each other. The best way to use the
spanner is to move the handle clockwise and check the
movement with a heavy jerk. The lock ring should press
the bowl hood against the bowl body so that perfect
sealing is obtained at the seal ring, and also keep the
distributor pressed against the bowl body bottom, firmly
clamping the disc set. For final tightening it may thus
be necessary to hit the spanner handle with a lead
mallet or the like (NEVER extend the spanner handle).
Pressure in disc set, and thread checking -- see
chapter L
 SPT BOWL I
(Assembling)
Level tubes Push packings onto level tubes and insert the latter in the
channels in the hood. The bevel of all tubes should be
placed in one and the same of six positions that are
possible.
Note: For even wear of the tubes, they should be taken out
from time to time and turned one sixth revolution. This is
preferably done each time the bowl is cleaned.

Guide sleeve (Stage 1)

Push paring disc on the guide sleeve and place the
seal rung in the groove of the sleeve.
Put down the sleeve through the bowl hood and press
down until it bottoms in the paring disc.

Cover Put seal ring in the groove of cover and place latter on
bowl hood.

Small lock ring Screw on the small lock ring anti-clockwise and
tighten firmly.

Check Check manually that the bowl rotates unimpeded.

Frame hood Close the frame hood and tighten it with the hinged
bolts.

Inlet. Outlet Fit inlet and outlet parts as described in the

beginning of this chapter.
 SPT
K
OPERATION

Before starting – Start – Filling – Running –

Stopping – Trouble Tracing.
DATA see chapter C.
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT see chapter X.

Key
1. Feed
4. Light effluent
5. Heavy effluent
6. Solid effluent
8. Drain

BEFORE STARTING The bowl should be well cleaned and assembled as directed in
chapter L and I.
Check particularly:
o That the brake is released
o That the frame hood is clamped with the hinged bolts.
o That the oil level in the worm gear housing is somewhat
above the middle of the gauge glass.
 SPT
OPERATION K
(Before starting, page 2)
Process liquid Check that the liquid does not contain particles that are
larger than the outlet hole of the nozzles.

Discharge nozzle For selection of discharge nozzle – see chapter B.

START 0 Start the motor.

Acceleration Shortly after starting it may occur that the bowl begins
to vibrate more than normal. The cause is generally lack
of balance due to bad cleaning of the bowl.

Stop the machine and clean the bowl if the vibrations are
very heavy.

Heat is always generated in the clutch coupling during

the running-up period. This will be noticeable,
especially when the pads on the friction blocks are new,
through smoke and a smell of burning. Like the sliding
sound, this is quite normal and has no importance.

During acceleration the power consumption is higher than

in normal operation.

The acceleration time stated in chapter C may vary

somewhat depending for instance on the condition of
friction pads in the clutch coupling.

Filling the bowl o Immediately after starting supply process liquid

or auxiliary liquid so that the bowl is filled
quickly.
Note. The bowl should be filled with liquid
during the running-up period, the separation,
and he shutting-down period.
o When the bowl is up to speed, replace the
auxiliary liquid gradually by process liquid.
 SPT OPERATION K
RUNNING Check:
o The lubricating oil level
o The bowl speed
o The power consumption
o The through put.

STOPPING Replace gradually the process liquid by auxiliary liquid.

Switch off the motor and apply the brake.

Shutting-down Braking is always advisable, as it allows reduction of

period liquid to be added and also shortens the time during
which vibrations can arise in the bowl at a certain
critical speed. If the sludge has settled irregularly in
the bowl, these vibrations can become very heavy and
could cause the separator to shake heavily. It is to
counter-act such vibrations that the bowl should be kept
filled with liquid throughout the shutting-down period.
Turn off the liquid when the speed is about 100 r.p.m.
Release the brake when the bowl has stopped. Dismantling
and cleaning of the bowl – see chapter I and L.
 SPT
Indication Cause
Machine vibrates 1. Moderate vibration normally
occur at the critical number of
revolutions during the running-
up and retardation periods.
2. Bowl out of balance due to:
Bad cleaning – wrong assembling
– badly tightened lock ring –
bowl assembled with parts from
different machines.
3. Vibration damping rubber
washers have lost elasticity.
4. Top bearing spring broken.
5. Foundation too weak.
Speed too high 1. tachometer reading wrong.
2. Wrong transmission.
3. The motor speed is not
appropriate.
Speed is too low. 1. Brake applied
Running-up time too 2. Pads of clutch are worn or
long. oily.
3. Voltage drop in mains.
4. Ball bearing damage.
5. Other machine defects.
6. Motor defect.
Starting power too low 1. Ammeter reading wrong.
2. Clutch pads worn or oily.
Starting power too 1. Ammeter reading wrong.
high.
2. Motor defect.
3. Ball bearing damaged.
4. Other machine defects.
Retardation time too Brake lining worn or oily.
long.
Water in worm gear 1. Condensation.
housing 2. Axial seals not tight or turned
wrongly.
3. Leakage via top bearing.
Noise from worm gear 1. Oil quantity wrong.
housing.
2. Worm wheel or worm worn.
3. Ball bearing worn or damaged.
Noise from clutch 1. Normal when starting and
coupling. stopping due to sliding of
friction blocks
2. Wrong play between coupling
pulley and elastic plate.
3. Speed too low.
Smell 1. Normal at start and stop when
friction blocks are sliding,
thus causing burnt smell.
2. V belts or flat belts are
sliding.
3. Bearing running hot.
4. Motor overheated.
―scraping‖ sounds Wrong height position
If any.
TROUBLE TRACING K
Remedy
None.
If the reason insufficient disc stack
pressure, add disc/discs.
Stop immediately and establish cause.
Badly tightened lock ring involves
fatal danger.
Renew rubber washers.
Exchange all springs
Reinforce foundation.
Check by means of revolution counter.
Stop immediately. Check that proper
transmission or belt pulley is used in
view of motor speed.
Stop immediately and provide a motor
with correct speed.
Release the brake.
Exchange or clean all pads.
Check mains voltage (D.C.)
Locate and exchange defective bearing.
Stop immediately. Check that bowl can
be rotated by hand.
Exchange or repair motor.
See – speed is too low.
Exchange or repair motor.
Locate and exchange defective bearing.
See – speed is too low.
Exchange or clean lining.
Drain water.
Exchange rings and turn correctly.
Exchange seal rings and adjust axial
seal.
Check quantity and quality.
Exchange worn parts. Exchange of com-
plete gear is generally advisable.
Exchange bearing.
None.
Adjust.
See – speed too low
None.
Clean belts. Adjust belt tension.
Feel over machine and locate spot.
Exchange bearing.
Trace cause. Adjust over current
relay, if any provided.
Stop and adjust – see Chapter L.
 SPT
L

CLEANING. OVERHAUL
Set of spares – services Interruptions – Overhaul (yearly) –
Cleaning Agents 0 Bowl Cleaning – Bowl Overhaul – Exchange
Of Bowl Parts – Checking the Bowl Lock Ring Joint – Testing
The Pressure in Bowl Disc Set – Seal Ring of Bowl Hood –
Power Transmission – Frame – Height Adjustment –
Ball and Roller Bearings.
It has proved very difficult in practice to prescribe how
often cleaning should be carried out and how thorough the
overhaul should be. However, aided by the directions given in
this chapter it should not be difficult to make up a suitable
working routine with regard paid to special local conditions.
The SPT representative will always be glad to provide further
advice and information.

GENERAL HINTS When cleaning and overhauling always follow strictly

the directions given in this book concerning the dis-
mantling, lubrication and assembling.

Set of spares Make it habit to inspect and replenish the set of

spare parts (and tools) once a year. It pays to
keep the consuming parts in stock.

Service inter – If the machine is to be put out of service for some

ruptions time, the parts in contact with liquid should be
oiled. Preferably, the bowl should be removed from
the spindle. The seal rings should be taken out and
kept flat, not hanging. Drain any condensation
water from the worm gear housing if the machine has
been at rest for some time.
 SPT
CLEANING. OVERHAUL L
Inspection In addition to daily maintenance of the parts of bowl,
inlet and outlet in contact with liquid, the machine should
be inspected and thoroughly cleaned at least once a year.
Follow the directions given in this chapter. Renew worm
parts.

Check particularly:
o Bowl body – corrosion or erosion damages.
o Threads of lock rings.
o Nave hole of bowl body and cone of bowl spindle.
o Springs and buffers of top bearing.
o Worm wheel and worm.
o Pads of coupling and lining of brake.
o Ball bearings.
o Height adjustments.
o Resilient frame anchoring parts.
 SPT CLEANING L
CLEANING AGENTS

Metallic machine Use cleaning kerosene, white spirit, mineral spirit or

parts another solvent with equivalent properties.
If the cleaning agent is unsuitable in view of the
product of the process, the bowl, inlet and outlet parts
in contact with liquid can normally be cleaned with a
soda or trisodiumphosphate solution, or with any current
technical defatting agent on an alkaline basis. A certain
care should be exercised when cleaning light metal parts,
as these may be attacked by strong alkaline solutions.
Benzine or benzol may also be used for the metal parts,
but if so, the cleaning should be done in the open air
due to the risk of explosion, and because benzol vapours
are dangerous to inhale.

Seal rings Wipe seal rings with a cloth moistened with some of the
above cleaning agents.

Coupling pads and Trichlorethylene should be used for cleaning these parts
brake lining and the corresponding friction surfaces. Note that it
should be done under safe control (ventilation), and
preferably in the open air.

Note. All metallic parts EXCEPT the friction surfaces in clutch

coupling and brake must be oiled after cleaning
-see chapter H.
 SPT CLEANING L
BOWL CLEANING How often the bowl should be stopped, dismantled and
cleaned must be learned by experience. It depends, among
other things, on the type of sludge contained in the
process liquid and on the condition of strainers and
filters as well. Defective or wrongly mounted strainers
letting through particles so bigsized that they get stuck
between the bowl discs will cause sludge blockage. If
this occours, the discs must be cleaned one by one. Any
tendency of the lock ring to stick to the bowl body must
also be considered when determining the intervals between
dismantlings. It is difficult to prescribe how often the
lock ring must be unscrewed for lubrication, as this
depends partly on the lubricant used, partly on the care
exercised in lubricating. During the first time the bowl
spindle cone must be lubricated at least once a month to
prevent the bowl body from sticking to the spindle. In
time the interval between lubrications may be extended
according to experience.

Bowl body and The bowl body is cleaned while remaining in the frame.
disc set Remove the sludge (sludge knife). Close the frame hood.
Connect the motor for a moment to set the bowl body
rotating and flush the latter with water from a hose,
which should be inserted through the opening in the frame
hood. The discs should be cleaned one by one. Handle them
carefully to avoid deformation.

Discharge nozzles Screw out the nozzles of the bowl body before being
cleaned by means of cleaning tools.
 SPT
MAINTENANCE L
BOWL OVERHAUL
Exchange of parts Bowl parts marked ―‖ on the perspective drawing in
chapter I can be exchanged only in an authorized SPT
workshop, as the exchange necessitates rebalancing –
thus the COMPLETE bowl must sent in. Other parts may
be exchanged on site.

Thread checking

Lock ring with external Lock ring with internal

thread thread

In a new bowl, the guide marks (Ф) should be right in

front of each other. In time, these marks can be drawn
past each other due to wear of the threads. When the
Ф-mark of the lock ring can be drawn past the other
Ф-mark by more than 20-30°C, an authorized SPT
representative should be consulted.
Thread checking should be done at least once a year.
The checking is carried out as follows:
Unscrew the large lock ring, remove the distributor with
disc set. Remove the outer seal ring of the bowl hood, put
on the hood and screw on the lock ring.
Tighten the large lock ring anti-clockwise till tight
contact is obtained between the contact surfaces of bowl
body and bowl hood.

Pressure in disc If the lock ring can be tightened without resistance by

set means of the spanner till the hood lies tightly against the
bowl body, the pressure should be increased by adding the
extra bowl disc (included in the set of spares) on top of
the set of bowl discs. Make sure the seal ring lies in its
groove in the bowl hood.
 SPT MAINTENANCE L
POWER TRANSMIS-
SION
Bowl spindle When overhauling the bowl spindle, check particularly
the nave bore in the bowl body, the conical portion of
the bowl spindle, and the height position.

Clutch coupling. Clean the conveyor pulley, pads of friction blocks and
brake brake lining. Roughen up the wearing surfaces of pads
and lining with a coarse file. Remember that all pads
must be exchanged at the same time even if only one of
them is worn.

Oil pan Clean the oil pan in the worm gear housing. Supply fresh
oil.

FRAME Check the rubber washers of the anchoring parts. Renew

them every second year.

Not applicable to machine with fixed coupling

 SPT MAINTENANCE L
HEIGHT ADJUSMENT The height positions should be checked both in
1. Bowl spindle connection with the yearly inspection and after
2. Ventilation plate exchange of parts which can affect the height
position.
The tolerances are narrow and it is essential,
therefore, that all parts are well cleaned and
free from burrs.

1. Remove the seal ring from the frame ring. Place a

ruler across the frame ring and measure the vertical
distance between the upper edge of bowl spindle and
the lower edge of the ruler.
The distance should be 4, 0 mm, the height position
is adjusted by means of height adjusting rings – see
chapter P.
2. If the ventilation plate has been removed, check
its height relative to the separator bowl. Measure
the vertical distance between the lower plane surface
of the bowl and the upper plane surface of the
ventilation plate. The distance should be 0, 5-1 mm
and is adjusted by means of height adjusting rings –
see chapter S.
 SPT MAINTENANCE L
HEIGHT ADJUSMENT The height of the paring disc should be checked both in
Paring disc connection with yearly inspection and after exchange of
parts which can affect the height position. Assemble
the bowl without small lock ring. Tighten the large
lock ring till the bowl lies tightly against the bowl
body. Swing down the frame hood and clamp it with the
hinged bolts.
Measure the vertical distance between the upper plane
of the guide ring and the upper face of the bowl hood
wings. The distance should be 97 ± 0,5 mm and is
corrected by means of height adjusting rings – see
―Inlet. Outlet‖ chapter I.

Check After every height adjustment loosen the brake cap and
turn the worm wheel shaft by hand. If it turns heavily
or a scraping noise is heard, wrong adjustment may be
the cause – check again.
 SPT

GENERAL ADVICE

BALL BEARINGS. ROLLER BEARINGS

Use the greatest cleanliness when handling roller bearings.

Avoid unnecessary dismounting of bearings. They may suffer

damage, or impurities may get into them during the handling.

Dismounting

Detach the bearing from its seat by pressing against the race having
the tightest fit. Use a puller or special tool. Thus, apply the pressure to
the inner race when the bearing sits tightly on the shaft, and to the
outer race when the bearing is tightly fitted in the housing
respectively.
Arrange dismounted bearings and other parts in assembling order to
avoid confusion.
Check the shaft end and the bearing seat in the housing for damage
indicating that the bearing has rotated on the shaft, and in the hous-
ing respectively. Replace the damaged part, if the faults cannot be
remedied by polishing or in some other way.

Fitting

Leave new bearings in original wrapping until ready to fit. The anti-
rust agent protecting a new bearing need not be removed.

Fit a bearing on a shaft by pressure applied to the inner race and in

a housing by pressure applied to the outer race. Use a suitable
piece of pipe or a metal drift and a hammer. Never strike the bearing
directly.
Bearings sitting with tight fit on a shaft should be heated in oil before
assembly. The oil temperature should not exceed 100 °C. never
leave the bearing in the oil bath longer than required for throrough
heating.

Angular contact ball bearings

Always fit single-row angular contact ball bearings with the stamped
side of the inner race facing the axial load.
SPT P
 SPT CLUTCH COUPLING. WORM WHEEL SHAFT P
EXCHANGE of The clutch coupling stops working when the
FRICTION PADS friction pads are worn out.

Remove the brake cap and the holding brackets.

Take out the friction blocks and renew all pads
even if only one of them is worn. The screws are
slotted at both ends. Turn the holding brackets
so that the friction blocks cannot slide off the
pins. Make sure that the brackets enter the
grooves in the nave and that the blocks are
easily movable.

Oily pads Clean the pads (chapter L) and roughen up their

friction surface with a coarse file.

DISMANTLING Dismantle and assemble the parts in the sequence

ASSEMBLING shown in the following illustrations, using the
special tools.
In addition to the legends observe…
…that the ball bearings should not loosened
unnecessarily.
…that the directions in chapter L for mounting of
ball bearings should be followed.
…that the cleaning and maintenance directions
given in chapter L and lubrication instructions
appearing in chapter H must be followed. Take
special care in cleaning the friction surface of
the conveyor pulley and friction pads and protect
these surfaces against oil and grease during
mounting.
SPT CLUTCH P

The friction blocks

can be removed with-
out the necessity of
1. Nave dismantling the rest
--41139
of the clutch.
2.Friction block (3)
-- 41140
3.Friction Pad (3)
2 3 4 –-41141
4.screw (4)
--51110

5. Holding bracket (3)

--41142

6.Spring washer (3) When the blocks are

--51111 assembled they should
move freely, and the
7.Screw (3) holding brackets should
--51112 be mounted so that they
Ball bearing engage the groove in
--81101 the nave and prevent
the blocks from slip-
Spacing sleeve ping off their pivots.
--41143

Ball bearing
--81102

Lock washer
--51113

Round cut
--51114

Packing
--31105
The illustration shows
Coupling pulley how the nave is eased
--41144 off the shaft. To
assemble, first fit
Spring washer (6)
the nave on the shaft
--51111
Screw (6)
and then the inner
--51115 ball bearing. Pack
one-third of the space
about the spacing
Elastic plate sleeve with ball
--21113 bearing grease. Use
the drive-on sleeve to
drive the bearings
into position.
 SPT WORM WHEEL SHAFT P
PARTS IN WORM
GEAR HOUSING Drain off the oil. Remove frame
cap and gear housing cap. Knock
out the taper pin and remove the
end shield. Apply the brake.

Worm wheel
-41145-A
-41145-B

Stop ring
-41146
Taper pin
-61102
When assembling turn the stop ring
Frame into the correct position, as ole

End shield and pin are tapered. Check with the

-41147 pin and drive in the latter firmly.
Spring washer (4) Apply the brake and check for play
-51116
between pin and stop ring or shaft.
Screw (4)
-51117 In case of play, ream the hole
―Loose‖ all bearing (conicity 0.02)
-81103
Supply FRESH oil in the worm gear
Lock washer
-51118 housing before starting the
Round nut machine.
-51119

for part number see chapter F.

included in worm wheel shaft, complete.

 SPT WORM WHEEL SHAFT P
PARTS in
COUPLING HOUSING

Worm wheel shaft with

conveyor pulley, round nuts
and lock washers
-41148

Screw (3) Remove the clutch coupling and

-51120 release the brake.
Protecting cover Take out the worm wheel shaft
-41149
with conveyor pulley, ball
Packing
bearing and protecting cover.
-31106

―Fixed‖ ball bearing

-81104

Frame
Stop washer
-41150
Spring washer (3)
-51111
Nut (3)
-51121
If the ―fixed‖ ball bearing
should be exchanged:
Screw the jack screws (included
in tool set) into the threaded
holes of the conveyor pulley and
tighten till the bearing comes
off.
When mounting fit protecting
cover and packing – check that
one of the holes registers with
the oil groove in the protecting
cover – and push up the bearing
on the shaft as far as possible.
It is advisable to glue the
packing to the cover. Push the
worm wheel shaft into the frame
and fasten the stop washer.
SPT P
 SPT BOWL SPINDLE P
BOWL SPINDLE PARTS

Screw (3)
--51122
Top shield
-41151
Seal ring
-21114
Throw-off
collar
-41152
Screw (6)
-51123
Protecting cap
-41153

Seal ring
-21115

Ball bearing
Housing
-41154
Screw (6)
-51124
Washer (6)
-51116

Spring casing
-41155
Buffer (6)
-41156
Spring (6)
-71102
Screw plug (6)
-41157

Packing
-31107
SPT BOWL SPINDLE P

Oil deflector
--41158

Ball bearing
--81105

Worm spindle
--41159-A
--41159-B

DISMANTLING. ASSEMBLING
Lift out the bowl body and apply

Ball Bearing Protecting

the brake. Dismantle and assemble
Ring
the parts by means of the special
--41160
Ball bearing tools in the sequence appearing
-81106
Seal ring from the following illustrations.
--21121
Packing In addition to the legends observe…
--31108
Spring …that ball bearings should not be
Bottom Beating Sleeve
washer --41161 loosened unless it is necessary.
--51125 Journal
Screw --41162 …that the mounting directions for
--51126 Ball bearing ball bearings appearing in chapter
--81107
L should be followed.
Bottom bearing pressure
housing …that the cleaning and maintenance
--41163
directions in chapter L and the
Securing ring
--41165 lubrication direction in chapter H
Bottom bearing pressure
Securing piece must be followed.
--41164
ring Cylindrical pressure spring
--41165 --71103
Cup spring (8pcs)
--41166
Guide bolt
--41167
Bottom bearing threaded
piece
--41168
Plug
--41169
Packing
--31109
Bottom bearing cap
--41170
 or equivalent bearing of
another make.
 for part number see chapter F.
 SPT
R
MOUNTING the MOTOR

General Drawing – Perspective Drawing with Part Numbers –

Mounting.
SPECIAL TOOLS see chapter G – LUBRICATION see chapter H –
CLEANING see chapter L – MOTOR see special manual.

GENERAL HINTS
Motor The speed prescribed for the ingoing shaft of the ma-
chine (the worm wheel shaft) and which must on no
conditions be exceeded, is stamped on the type plate of
the machine. The worm gear ratio and the friction clocks
of the clutch are suited to this speed.
Check the number of revolutions by means of the re-
volution counter after installation and after exchange
of motor.
For particulars concerning power requirement and speed
see chapter C.
Coupling pulley When the machine is delivered with motor, the pulley has
or belt pulley been fastened in its correct position on the motor
shaft. Score the position of the pulley before loosening
it from the motor shaft. The axial play for the elastic
plate – measurement ―a‖ in illustration – should be
about 2 mm (5/64‖).
When finishing a predrilled coupling pulley or belt
pulley, the tolerance H7-J6 according to ISO should be
applied.

Electric cable The electric cable to the motor should preferably have a
free length allowing the removal of the motor with-out
disconnecting the cable from the terminals.
Connection to Connect the motor to mains so that the bowl will rotate
mains CLOCKWISE.
The machine must never be started unless the bowl is
placed on the spindle and the worm gear housing
contains the prescribed quantity and quality of
lubricating oil.
 SPT MOTOR MOUNTING R
FLANGE MOTOR (drive ―4‖)

Frame

Coupling pulley
--41171

Set screw
--51127
A = 250mm
Motor adapter 41172
Stud bolt 51128 (4)
Washer 51129 (8)
Screw 51130 (8)
Washer 51131 (4)
Nut 51132 (4)

Note that, as a rule, it is not necessary to

loosen the motor and motor adapter from each
other when mounting and dismounting.
Push the elastic plate on to the pins in the
coupling pulley of the separator.
Screw the two guide bolts (see chapter F) into
the twp upper, opposed screw holes in the frame
flange.
Hang the motor (adapter attached) on the guide
bolts and push it into correct position, fitting
the pins of the coupling pulley into the holes in
the elastic plate. Fasten the motor and replace
the guide bolts by screws. Tighten the screws
alternately and check that the motor adapter
enters the seat in the frame.
When dismounting note that the electric cable
must not be disconnected in the terminal block.
 SPT
S
FRAME ERECTION
FRAME PARTS
1. Oil drain
2. Oil gauge glass
3. Revolution counter
4. Brake
5. Pawl, buffer
6. Cover
7. Ventilation plate
8. Hinged bolt
9. Drain pipe
10. Grating
11. Bottom bearing housing
12. Frame cap
 SPT
FRAME PARTS S
FRAME ERECTION Mount the frame, or the base plate if included in the
delivery, on VIBRATION DAMPERS as illustrated on next page.
Fist put the frame (base plate) without cushions in its place
and check:
o That the bolts do not press against the edge of the holes,
otherwise the resilient mounting of the frame will be
impeded.
o That the frame (base plate) is horizontal and that all
feet rest on the base. If adjusting washers are needed,
they should have the same diameter as the base cushions.
Then lift the frame (base plate), fit the vibration
dampers in the sequence shown in the illustration, lower,
and check that the bolts do no press against the edge of
the holes.

Screw down the nuts till they touch the cup covers and
tighten a further half-turn.

Hold the nuts firmly and secure with lock nuts.

Mounting the In this case the frame and motor are mounted on a
frame on base common base plate. This plate is predrilled and like
plate. the motor marked with the manufacturing number of
the machine to which it belongs. Place the frame on
the base plate, fi x its position with the guide
pins and fasten the frame rigidly (without
cushions) to the base plate.
The part numbers of base plate, screws and guide
pins are given in chapter R.
 SPT FRAME PARTS S
VENTILATION PLATE GRATING-VENT HOLE

Screw (6) Grating

--51123 --41179
Plate
--41173

Adjusting ring (0-7) Screw (6)

--31110 (1mm) --51133
--31111 (0.5mm)

OIL DRAIN

Packing
--31112

Screw
--41174

VENTILATION DAMPER
Nut (8) 

Cup cover
--41175
Rubber washer VENTILATION PLATE
--21116
Cup Packing
--41176 --31114
Frame or base plate Stabilizer
--41180
Cup cover Packing
--41177 --31114
Glass
Rubber washer --41181
--21117 Packing
Cup --31115
--41178 Fixing ring
Stud bolt --41182
Screw (3)
--51134
Adjusting washer
 SPT FRAME PARTS S
PAWL. BUFFER FRAME CAP (replaced by pump in
machines provided with pump)

Nut (2) Packing

--51135 --31116

Screw
--51136
Pawl Cap
--41183 --41190
Nut
--51137 Washer (6)
Set screw
--51141
--51138
Screw (6)
--51142
Lever ball
COVER for VENT HOLE
--41184
Pawl lever
--41185
Spring (2)
--71104
Sleeve (2)
--41186
Screw (2)
Packing
--51139
--31117

Cover
HINGED --41191
Hand wheel
BOLT (3)
--41187
Washer (4)
Cap nut
--51142
--41188
Screw (4)
--51143
Clamping shoe
--41189
DRAIN PIPE

Hinged bolt Pipe

--51140 --41192

Pin
--61103
Pivot
--61104
 SPT
FRAME PARTS S
Split pin
BRAKE -- 67799 --61105

Handle
--41193

Pivot
--61106

Screw (4)
--51144
Exchange of lining
Washer (4)
release the brake
--51145
and remove the cap.
Exchange the lining.
Note that the screws
Cap
are slotted at both
--41194
ends (use an angle
driver).fasten the
cap to the machine
with the handle
pointing downward.

Spring
--71105
Dismantling. Assem-
ling

Brake shoe, complete

--41195

Slotted pin
--61107
Clamp the cap in a
Lining screw vice, apple
--41216 the brake, and
Screw (3) remove the handle.
--51110 See that cap,
handle, and brake
shoe are turned as
shown by the
arrows in the
figure. Fasten the
cap to the machine
with the handle
pointing downward.
SPT REVOLUTION COUNTER S
REVOLUTION COUNTER

Lipseal ring
--41196

Shaft
--41197

Stop ring
--41198 Speed particulars –
Slotted pin see chapter C. count
-61108 the number of
revolutions during
Bushing one minute.
--41199
Assembling when mounting
Oil supply lubrication shaft and
--41200 gear wheel with oil or
the same type as used in
the same type as used in
Packing
the gear housing Direct
--31118 the gear wheel
Screw (6) correctly – hole and pin
--51144 are tapered. In care of
Washer (6) play ream the hole
51145 (conicity 0.02). Make
Cap sure the lipseal ring is
--41201 directed according to
Packing the illustration.
--31119

Guide pin
--61110

Gear wheel
--41202 Note: The part numbers
do not apply to machines
Taper pin equipped with combined
-61109 revolution counter and
tachometer – in the
latter case see special
Set screw page.
--51146
 SPT FRAME PARTS S
REVOLUTION COUNTER
Speed checking
Speed particulars – see
chapter C. Count the number of
revolutions during one minute.

Assembling When mounting lubricate shaft and gear wheel with

oil of the type used in the gear housing. Direct
the gear wheel correctly – pin and hole are
tapered. In case of play ream the hole (conicity
1:50).
Make sure the lipseal ring is directed according to
the illustration.
SPT
X
ACCESSORIES

The accessories described in the following are normally

not included in the standard equipment of the machine.
They have been entered in the instruction book partly
because in some cases it has proved adventageous to
procure some of these accessories subsequently as a
complement to the standard equipment.

Special operating instructions related with the

illustration of one or more of these accessories are
also inserted in this chapter. Any spare parts should be
considered as consuming articles – thus always keep them
in stock.
SPT
FLOW METER X
FLOW METER

Tightening screw – 41203

Sight glass – 41204

Scale holder – 41205

Scale – 41206

Screw for scale (2) – 51147

Stop screw – 51148

Sealing ring – 21118

Mearusing rod – 41207

Coupling nut – 41208

Sleeve – 41209

Packing – 21119

Top part – 41210

Measuring body – 41211

Packing – 21120

Bottom part – 41212

Packing – 21119

Coupling nut – 41213

Nipple – 41214

Packing – 21119

Angle, complete.-- 41215

SPT FLOW METER X
(Flow Meter, page 2)
The meter reading is actual reading should be
determined by the through- multiplied, or the scale can
passing liquid quantity, the be ex-changed. Scales for
specific gravity of the various liquids are
liquid and its viscosity, available on special request.
but is independent of the
pressure conditions. EXCHANGE of PARTS
Exchange of indicator rod,
When installing, connect the measuring body or scale
meter so that the liquid makes recalibration
will lift the indicator rod. necessary. When the
In most cases the flow indicator is provided with
direction is indicated by spring, the upsetting of the
arrows in the dimensioned rod against the pointer must
drawing. be filed off before the
spring can be exchanged.
READING
Read the scale right in
RESISTANCE in METER
front of the pointer at the
The flow resistance varies,
top end of the indicator rod.
of course, in the various
Note: meter provided with
meter types and measuring
cleaning plug or vent cock
ranges. The available meters
must be vented when reading
specified according to their
the glass tube must be
measuring range in the table
entirely full of liquid.
below, which gives the
approximate value of the
MEASURING RANGE
maximum pressure drop in the
By exchanging some parts the
various meter
meters can be modified for
use within another measuring
range than original one – go Meter Max pressure max drop
type m.w.c. p.s.
see table (certain meters) Cu/m/h
or contact your SPT 0,3-1,5 0,2 0,2
representative. The meter 0,5-5,0 0,7 1,0
must be calibrated after 0,6-3,8 0,4 0,5
modification. 1,4-6,0 0,5 0,7
2,0,8,0 0,75 1,0
SCALE GRADUATION 3,0-8,0 0,8 1,1
4,6-11,0 1,2 1,7
Unless statement to the 4,0-16,0 1,4 1,9
contrary is made, the meter 8,0-24,0 1,5 2,1
scale is graded for water 15,0-45,0 2,1 2,9
and must be corrected if the 15,90, 5,5 7,8
meter is to be used for
liquid with different
specific gravity or
viscosity. If so, either a
correction coefficient can
be determined in each
specific case, by which the
 SPT
Y
SUPPLEMENT
In the foregoing chapters a standard machine with the normal
additional equipment has been described.
This chapter deals with deviations from the standard design,
and with additional equipment which has not been mentioned in
chapter X.
SPT