CONFIDENTIAL GOREN UN Iv ERSITY JANUARY SEMESTER 2012 FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE : PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND INSTRUCTION CODE : HMEF5043 DATE : 14 APRIL 2012 DURATION : 3 HOURS TIME : 9,00 AM — 12.00 NOON INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of TWO Parts - PART A and PART B. Read the instructions for each part carefully. 2. Write your answers in the Answer Booklet provided. This question paper consists of THREE PAGES of questions printed on both sides of the Paper, excluding this page.HMEFS043/JAN2012IF - AA, PARTA INSTRUCTIONS: 1. THERE ARE FIVE (5) QUESTIONS IN THIS PART. 2. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. Question 1 Psychologists employ various research methods to study and understand human nature. Explain TWO (2) advantages and TWO (2) disadvantages of using the observational methods in psychology. [8 marks] Question 2 Reinforcement can be defined as any event that increases the probability of a response. Explain FOUR (4) different reinforcement schedules that can be used to initiate a desired behaviour. [8 marks] Question 3 Piaget believed that schemas are mental or cognitive structures which enable a person to adapt and organise the environment. Examine what is meant by assimilation and accommodation in Piaget's theory of learning (8 marks] Question 4 Information in the short-term memory can be kept active by rehearsing Identify and explain TWO (2) types of rehearsal that can be used. [8 marks] Question 5 Teachers in the constructivist classroom guides learning and scaffolds instruction Analyse the benefits of constructivism in relation to student involvement in learning [8 marks] [TOTAL: 40 MARKS]HMEFS043/JAN2012IF — AA, PARTB. INSTRUCTIONS: 1. THERE ARE FIVE (5) QUESTIONS IN THIS PART. 2. ANSWER THREE (3) QUESTIONS ONLY. Question 4 You have decided to apply the principles of operant conditioning in the teaching and learning processes. Discuss using specific examples, FIVE (5) strategies or practices that you would undertake in your classroom. [TOTAL: 20 MARKS] Question 2 The cognitive approach to learning emphasises on how learners construct meaning as they encounter new information and try to fit it in with what they already know. Elaborate on FIVE (5) principles of the cognitive approach and discuss ONE (1) implication that ‘can be drawn from each of the principles. [TOTAL: 20 MARKS] Question 3 Explain how metacognitive knowledge is different from metacognitive control and discuss how metacogritive ability plays an important role in differentiating successful learners from the less successful learers. [TOTAL: 20 MARKS] Question 4 Describe the FOUR (4) stages involved in a creative process and discuss the possible obstacles students would face in undertaking a creative activity. ITOTAL: 20 MARKS]HMEFS0431JAN20121F — AA, Question 5 Locus of control describes an individual's belief regarding the causes of his or her experiences and those factors to which an individual attributes his or her success and failures Discuss the characteristic differences in locus of control between students who are classified as internal and external and suggest classroom practices to help students with external locus of control [TOTAL: 20 MARKS] QUESTION PAPER ENDS HERE