Va a Name: Class: ed) Sa ee Energy Conversion and Conservation Guide for Reading + How are different forms of energy related? + What isthe low of conservation of 182¢M__ Teaching Resources _A hanes rom ane form of energy to another i called an energy con version. Most forms af energy can be converted into other forms. For example, a toaster converts electrical energy 0 thermal energy, Your body converts the chemical energy in the food you eat to the mechanical nergy you need to move your muscles and to the thermal energy your body uses to maintain its temperature. One of the most common energy conversions is the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy. For example, when you stretch a rubber ‘band, you give it elastic potential energy. Ifyou let it go, the rubber band files across the room. While the rubber band ts moving, it has kinetic energy. ‘The law of conservation of energy sttes that when one form of energy 's converted to another, no energy is destroyed in the process. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be ‘created or destroyed. This means that the total amount of energy isthe same before and after any process. For example, water at the top of a ‘Waterfall has gravitational potential energy. As the waterfalls, the poten- tial energy decreases because the height decreases. The kinetic energy Increases because the velocity of the water increases. So potential energy {s converted to kinetic energy. The total amount of energy stays the same, {t Just changes forms. Albert Einstein added a small change to the law of conservation of energy. He said that in the same way that different forms of energy can be converted to one another, matter and energy can also be converted back and forth. . Motlon, Fores, and Energy7 Name Date ‘Class SECTION 5-2 a Cas Energy Conversion and Conservation ¢ Understanding Main ideas © © © ‘Study the Wlustration above and then read the following statements. IF the statement ‘is true, write true, If tis false, change the underlined word ar words to make the ‘statement true. at_all 1. An energy conversion is occurring only at paint 3, ene rqy 18 never _ 2. In this example, the law of conservation of energy says that the st 7 is Convertto! ball never loses kinetic energy. One Form to omothes -Sfteds 2 3. As the ball rises from point 1 to point $, it slows down. #1 4. The ball has the most potential energy at point 3. true 5. The ball has equal amounts of potential and kinetic energy at point 4. ¢ Building Vocabulary Write a definition for each of the fallowing terms on the lines below. 6. energy conversion “change Finn one fot to dnather . law of conservation of energy , ey 1S newer Crtoted o¢ d id (© Prentice-Hall ne. Motion, Forces, and Energy TTeoching Resources Me 133“Match te items in Column I with te ters or prises in Columen IL. Write the letter ofthe correct ter or phrase in ‘the blank on the left. Column I Column I Ft wok a, total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system —D 2 energy be =hrionecnss A 3, mechanical energy pels acre iclapener hall & 4. potential energy « Seow net . transfer of energy through motion —= & Kinetic energy e. energy in the form of motion —B 6. law of conservation of energy £, the ability to cause change Use the definitions of kinetic energy and potential energy to decide what kind of energy each example ised below has. Write KE for kinetic energy and PE for potential energy. Kinetic energy is energy in the form of motion. Potential energy is stored energy. The amount of potential energy in a sample of matier depends cn its positon or condition. 1 amoving skateboard 2. aock at the edge of a cliff 3. a glass of milk 4. gasoline 5. a basketball passing through the hoop 6 a dry cell of a battery 7. am acorn hanging from an oak tree 4 a-person climbing a ladder 9. apiece of celery KE 10. blowing wind CConeplete the chart below by listing each of the examples of potential energy above inthe correét column. Gravitational Potential Energy __|Chemical Potential Energy RRA RRR BREF 8 Copyright © Giencoe/MAccrtl son of The McGrmeHl Companies, nc.‘Name Date Block Observing Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy 1. Inthe appropriate column, write down all the objects that you can observe in one ‘minute that have kinetic energy. Be specific. 2. Repeat step 1 for objects that have potential energy. Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Le 3. Write a conclusion about the relative number of objects that have kinetic energy versus the number that have potential energy. eS CO RName: Page: Class: Date: Number:, 14-3 How does energy change form? Lesson Review ‘Write the term that best completes each statement in the space. provided, 1. Wildlife may be in danger because of heat, oO otution, ‘A motorcycle moves when the engine changes chemical energy into Mechanica) enecay. 2 3. Inthe equation B= me’, the Estands for Binecay — — —~ . 1. A bouncing ball has the greatest amountof___ Kine tic. nergy atts ighest i When you tum on a light, electrical energy is changed into heat and. i iGthergy. Energy can never be created or ed 4 5. 6. 7. Nuclear energy is changed into electrical energyby __MWACNC AC reactors, 8. 5. When energy changes form, ___t\nerpyna\ energy is always produced. |. Thermal pollution is caused when wasted Chex Ga) _ energy enters the environment. 1. _Lawversive 2 2 snowed that matter and energy are two farms ofthe same thing, Skill Challenge ‘Skilfs: sequencing, interpreting diagrams ‘Use the diagram to answer the following questions. ewes By 1, What energy changes are shown in the diagram? CAvcle of Pe vodiant ~ ion) — = shom} a { 2. How does the diagram illustrate the law of conserve=tion of energy? Storts vl energy 4% ends uj] enemy Cotes and Charge Py Soe Teachers Fascist CD-ROM (607 Pear Est, Kobe Fanon ann Greve, Ala tan — orgy and Werk CHAPTER 16 ge 6