Ádj.

k 5
uequk igk.khrhy js’ku nqdkukaaP;k
ladyhr rF;ka
rF;kaps i`Fk%dj.k vkf.k Lif"Vdj.k

5-1 ÁLrkouk
xjhc yksdkaph miklekjhiklwu o dqiks"k.kkiklwu lqVdk dj.kslkBh o
ns’kkrhy vFkZO;oLFksr ekuoh HkkaMoykyk dk;Z{ke Bso.;klkBh lkoZtfud forj.k
O;oLFkk egRokph Hkwfedk ikj ikMr vlrs- gs lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksps mÌh"V
forj.kkrhy loZ ?kVdkadMwu O;ofLFkr ikj ikMys tkrs dh ukgh gs igk.ks
vko’;d vkgs- LFkkfud ikrGhoj dke dj.kkjs ?kVd Eg.kts LoLr /kkU; nqdku
;k ?kVdkpk dkMZ/kkjdk’kh ÁR;{k lac/a k ;sr vlrks-

5-2 js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidkyk djkos ykx.kkjs dk;Z

js’ku /kkU; nqdkunkjkyk dkMZ/kkjdkaP;ki;Zar R;kaP;k dksVÓkrhy /kkU;
iksgp.;kdjhrk cjhp dk;Zs djkoh ykxrkr- rh dk;sZ dks.krh vkgsr rs tk.kwu
?ks.ks ;k fBdk.kh egRokps Bjsy-
lqjokrhyk js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidkyk nqdkukyk tksMY;k xsysY;k js’ku
dkMkZP;k la[;sP;k Áek.kkr fdrh /kkU; [kjsnh djko;kps vkgs R;k jdesps pyu
c¡dsr Hkjkos ykxrs- R;kuarj rs pyu ?ksowu rkyqD;kyk tkÅu R;k pyukP;k
vk/kkjs /kkU;kph mpy djkoh ykxrs- R;k /kkU;kph mpy dsY;kuarj nqdkuki;Zar
R;k /kkU;kph okgrqd djkoh ykxrs- R;kuarj rs /kkU; ;ksX; o lqjf{kr tkxh
lkBowu Bsokos ykxrs- R;kuarj dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k Ádkjkuqlkj o Áek.kkuqlkj rs /kkU;
ÁR;sd dkMZ/kkjdkyk forjhr djkos ykxrs- forjhr dsysY;k /kkU;kph ikorh
dkMZ/kkjdkyk nsowu R;kP;k dkMkZoj R;k /kkU;kph ukasn djkoh ykxrs- R;kp
132
i)rhus rkyqD;kP;k fBdk.kh gks.kkÚ;k ÁR;sd feVhaxlkBh mifLFkr jgkos ykxrs-
'kklukdMwu /kkU; fdrh rkj[ksyk forjhr gks.kkj vkgs ;kdMs y{k Bsokos ykxrs-
;klkj[kh dk;Zs js’ku /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkkidkyk djkoh ykxrkr-

js’ku nqdkunkjkyk djkoh ykx.kkjh dk;Zs

dkMkZaP;k la[;suqlkj /kkU; [kjsnh fuf’prh

tso<s /kkU; [kjsnh djko;kps vkgs frrD;k jdesps c¡dsr pyu Hkj.ks

lnj pyu rgfly dk;kZy;krhy iqjoBk foHkkxkr tek dj.ks

/kkU; mpy dj.ks

okgrqd dj.ks

lkBk dj.ks

dkMZ/kkjdkauk dkMkZP;k Ádkjkuqlkj okVi dj.ks

dkMkZoj /kkU;kph ukasn dj.ks

ÁR;sd efgU;kyk rkyqD;kyk feVhaxyk gtj jgk.ks

133
5-3 js’ku nqdkukrhy dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k
js’ku nqdkukrhy dkMZ/kkjd fdrh vkgsr o rs Áek.kkis{kk tkLr vkgsr dk
deh vkgsr ;kph igk.kh dj.ks vko’;d vlrs- ;kojp R;k nqdkukph dk;Z{kerk
o O;oLFkkiu voyacwu vlrs- iq<hy rDR;k}kjs dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk
;k ftYgÓkaP;k Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy js’ku nqdkuke/khy dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k n’kZfoyh
vkgs-
rDrk 5-1
,dk js’ku nqdkukrhy dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k
v- Ø- dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- 1 rs 500 19 54-29
2- 501 rs 1000 15 42-86
3- 1001 rs 1500 1 2-85
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

ojhy dks"Vdko:u vls lwfpr gksrs dh] vH;kl {ks=kr fuEE;kgwu vf/kd
¼54-29 %½ js’ku nqdkukaP;k dk;Z{ks=kr 1 rs 500 dkMZ/kkjd ;srkr- rj
501 rs 1000 dkMZ/kkjd vl.kkjh js’ku nqdkus 42-86 VDds brdh vkgsr-
1001 rs 1500 i;Zar dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k QDr ,dkp nqdkukarxZr ;srs- vH;kl
{ks=rhy Mksxajh Hkkxkr ygku ygku xkos] okMÓk] oLR;k vlrkr- R;keqGs ,dk
js’ku nqdkunkjkdMs vf/kd dkMZ/kkjd fnY;kl xkokph okMÓkph la[;k ok<rs-
R;keqGs dkMZ/kkjdkauk cÚ;kp varjko:u /kkU; vk.k.;kdjhrk js’ku nqdkukdMs
;kos ykxrs- rlsp dkMZ/kkjdkaph o i;kZ;kus okMÓk] oLR;kaph la[;k ok<Y;kl
js’ku nqdkukP;k O;oLFkkiukr vdk;Z{kerk fuekZ.k gksr-s 501 is{kk tkLr
dkMZ/kkjd vl.kkjh js’ku nqdkus 5 rs 15 xkokauk tksMysyh vkgsr- ;keqGs
dkMZ/kkjdkauk =kl gksrks-

134
 vkÑrh 5 - 1
js’ ku nqd kukrhy dkMZ/ kkjdkap h la[ ;k
2.85%

42.86%

54.29%

1 rs 500 501 rs 1000 1001 rs 1500

5-4 uequk js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidka

O;oLFkkidkapsps f’k{k.k
dks.krsgh dke ;’kLohi.ks dj.;klkBh R;kckcrps ;ksX; rs f’k{k.k o
Áf’k{k.k vko’;d vlrs- lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk ;’kLohi.ks jkcfo.;klkBh
LFkkfud ikrGhoj dke dj.kkÚ;k uequk js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidkps f’k{k.kkfo"k;d
ekfgrh ?ks.ks t:jhps gksrs- [kkyhy rDR;k}kjs js’ku nqdkunkjkaP;k 'kS{kf.kd fLFkrh
fo"k;hph dYiuk ;srs-
rDrk 5-2
js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidka
O;oLFkkidkapsps f’k{k.k
v- Ø- f’k{k.k okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- 1 yh rs 10 oh 13 37-14
2- 11 oh rs 12 oh 18 51-43
3- mPp f’k{k.k 4 11-43
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

135
 vkÑrh 5 - 2
js’ ku nqd ku O;oLFkkidkps f’k{k.k
11.43%

37.14%

51.43%

1 yh rs 10 oh 11 oh rs 12 oh mPp f’k{k.k

ojhy dks"Vdko:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] 51-43 VDds js’ku nqdku
O;oLFkkid gs mPp ek/;fed Lrjki;Zar f’k{k.k ?ksrysys vkgsr rj 37-14 VDds
js’ku nqdkunkj gs ifgyh rs ngkoh i;Zar f’k{k.k ?ksrysys vkgsr- rj 11-43 VDds
js’ku nqdkunkj gs inoh] inO;qRrj inoh vls mPp f’kf{kr vkgsr- ;ko:u vls
fnlwu ;srs dh] fuEE;kgwu vf/kd js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkid gs mPp&ek/;fed o
toGikl 12 VDds js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkid gs mPp f’kf{kr vkgsr- Eg.ktsp 60
VDD;kagwu vf/kd js’ku nqdkunkj gs pkaxY;k Ádkjs f’k{k.k ?ksrysys vkgsr- vls
vlys rjh lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksps O;oLFkkiu ek= Eg.kkos frrds dk;Z{ke
ukgh-

5-5 LoLr /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkkidkaps ¼nqdkunkj½ mRiUu

Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy js’ku /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkkidkapk okf"kZd mRiUukpk fopkj
dj.ks ns[khy egRokps vkgs- ,[kknk nqdkunkj lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkspk
xSjekxkZus okij d:u vf/kd mRiUu feGorks dk gs letwu ?ks.;klkBh R;kaP;k
mRiUukpk vH;kl dj.ks ØeÁkIr vkgs- js’ku /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkidkaps mRiUu
[kkyhy rDR;k}kjs Li"V dsys vkgs-
136
 rDrk 5-3
js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidkps mRiUu
v- Ø- mRiUu ¼#-
¼#-½ okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- 20000 i;Zar 5 14-29
2- 20000 rs 50000 8 22-86
3- 50000 rs 100000 16 45-71
4- 100000 is{kk tkLr 6 17-14
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] 20000 #i;kai;Zar mRiUu

vl.kkÚ;k js’ku nqdkunkjkaph la[;k 14-29 VDds brdh vkgs- 20000 rs
50000 #i;kai;Zar mRiUu vl.kkjs 22-86 VDds js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkid
vkgsr rj 50000 rs 100000 #i;kai;Zr mRiUu vl.kkjs lokZr tkLr Eg.kts
45-71 VDds js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkid vkgsr- 17-14 VDds js’ku nqdku
O;oLFkkidkaps okf"kZd mRiUu gs 100000 #i;kagwu vf/kd vlY;kps fnlwu ;srs-
vkÑrh 5 - 3
js’ ku nqd ku O;oLFkkidkps mRiUu
17.14% 14.29%

22.86%

45.71%

20000 i;Zar 20000 rs 50000 50000 rs 100000 100000 is{kk tkLr

137
 ;ko:u vls lwfpr gksrs dh] dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkaP;k
Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy fuEE;kgwu vf/kd js’ku /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkkidkaps okf"kZd mRiUu
gs 50]000 #i;kais{kk vf/kd vlY;kus gs js’ku /kkU; nqdku O;oLFkkidkph
vfFkZd fLFkrh cjh okVrs- rlsp fuEE;kgwu vf/kd nqdkunkj gs dks.kR;k uk
dks.kR;k Ádkjs jktdkj.kk’kh lac/khr vlY;kps fnlwu ;srs-

5-6 js’ku nqdkukrhy uksdjkaph la[;k

js’ku /kkU; nqdkukr uksdj fdrh vkgsr gs igk.ks t:jhps vkgs- dkj.k
;ko:u vkiY;kyk R;k js’ku nqdkukpk foLrkj letw 'kdrks- uksdjkauk fnY;k
tk.kkÚ;k ixkjkoj js’ku /kkU; nqdkunkjkapk [kpZ voyacwu vlrks- ;klkBh js’ku
nqdkukrhy uksdjkaph la[;k o R;kauk fnys tk.kkjs osru ;kapk vH;kl dj.ks
vko’;d Bjrs- [kkyhy rDR;kr dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYg;kaP;k
Mkssaxjh Hkkxkrhy js’ku /kkU; nqdkuke/;s vl.kkÚ;k uksdjkaph la[;k o R;kaP;k
osruklaac/a kh vkdMsokjh n’kZfoyh vkgs-

rDrk 5-4
js’ku nqdkukrhy uksdjkaph la[;k o osru nj
ixkj ¼#-
¼#-½
v- uksdj nqdkukaph 1000 3000 ,dw.k
VDdsokjh 1000
Ø- la[;k la[;k rs is{kk dkexkj
i;Zar
3000 tkLr
1- 0 22 62-86 & & & &
2- 1 9 25-71 5 3 1 9
3- 2 4 11-43 4 4 0 8
,dw.k 35 100 9 7 1 17
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

138
 dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkaP;k Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy 35
xkokae/khy 35 nqdkukaiSdh 62-86 VDds nqdkukar dkexkj useysyk ukgh- v’kh
nqdkus ekyd Lor% pkyfor vlrkr- rj 25-71 VDds nqdkukar QDr ,dp
dkexkj useysyk vkgs- 11-43 VDds nqdkukar ek= nksu dkexkjkaph fu;qDrh
dsyh vkgs- ;kiSdh ,d lsYleu o nqljk ekikMh Eg.kwu dke igkrkuk vk<Grks-
ljkljh nksu nqdkukekxs 01 uksdj fdaok ÁR;sdh 1 v/kZosG uksdj useyk xsY;kps
fnlrs-

vkÑrh 5 - 4
js’ ku nqd kukrhy uksd jkap h la[ ;k
11.43%

25.71%

62.86%

0 dkexkj 1 dkexkj 2 dkexkj

;ko:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ,dw.k 35 nqdkukaiSdh 13 nqdkukar feGwu

17 dkexkj dke djhr vkgsr- R;kiSdh 9 dkexkjkauk efgU;kyk 1000
#i;kai;Zar ixkj feGrks rj 7 dkexkjkauk 1000 rs 3000 #i;kai;Zar ixkj
feGrks- QDr ,dp dkexkj 3000 #i;kais{kk tkLr ixkj ?ks.kkjk vkgs-
fuEE;kis{kk tkLr nqdkukar nqdkunkj dkexkj u Bsork Lor%p nqdku pkyforkr
dkj.k ,drj uksdjkauk fnyk tk.kkÚ;k ixkjkph jDde okprs o feG.kkÚ;k
u¶;kr ok< gksrs o nqljs Eg.kts R;kaP;k nqdkukyk tksMysY;k dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k
deh vlrs R;keqGs R;kaP;koj /kkU; forj.kkpk Qkjlk rk.k ulrks-
139
5-7 js’ku /kkU;kph
/kkU;kph dkMZ/kkjdkadMwu gks.kkjh mpy
dkMZ/kkjd js’ku nqdkukrwu feG.kkÚ;k /kkU;kpk iqjsiqj Qk;nk ?ksrkr dh
ukgh gs igk.ks t:jhps vkgs- ;k vuq"ka?kkus [kkyhy fnysY;k rDR;kr dksYgkiwj]
lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkrhy Mksaxjh Hkxkrhy js’ku nqdkukrwu fdrh VDds
yksd js’ku nqdkukrwu feG.kkÚ;k /kkU;kpk Qk;nk ?ksrkr gs n’kZfo.;kr vkys vkgs-
rDrk 5-5
js’ku nqdkukrwu gks.kkjh
kkjh vUu/kkU;kph mpy
v- Ø- /kkU;kph mpy ¼%½½ okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- 0 rs 25 & &
2- 25 & 50 & &
3- 51 & 75 & &
4- 76 & 100 35 100
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] vH;kl{ks=kr ;s.kkjh loZp js’ku
nqdkukrwu ¼35 nqdkus½ dkMZ/kkjd 75 rs 100 VDD;kai;Zar /kkU;kph mpy
djrkr- dkj.k Mksaxjh Hkkxkr vkfFkZdn`"VÓk ekxklysY;k yksdkaps Áek.k vf/kd
vlY;keqGs gs yksd js’ku nqdkukrwu /kkU; d/kh ;srs ;kph okV igkr clysys
vlrkr] R;kojp R;kapk mnjfuokZg voyacwu vlrks- Eg.kwup lkoZtfud forj.k
O;oLFkk vkfFkZdn`"VÓk dedqor oxkZP;k tx.;kpk [kÚ;k vFkkZus vk/kkj vkgs vls
Eg.krk ;sbZy-

5-8 js’ku nqdkukaph dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh rkyqD;kdMwu gks.kkjh /kkU;kph o

brj oLrwaph mpy
lkoZtfud forj.kkr js’ku /kkU; nqdkus rkyqD;kgwu fdrh /kkU;kph mpy
djrkr] rlsp dks.kR;k dkMkZlkBh fdrh Áek.kkr mpy gksrs ;ko:u R;k js’ku
140
 /kkU; nqdkukaph O;kIrh le.;kl enr gksrs- [kkyhr rDR;kr ;k fo"k;hph lfoLrj
ekfgrh fnyh vkgs-

5-8-1 js’ku nqdkukaph xOgkph mpy

js’ku nqdkunkj rkyqD;kgwu ds’kjh] fioGÓk o vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k
dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k Áek.kkuqlkj xOgkph fdrh Áek.kkr mpy djrkr gs igk.ks
vko’;d vkgs- [kkyhy rDR;kr js’ku nqdkunkjkadMwu dkMZ/kkjdkauqlkj gks.kkjh
xOgkph mpy fdrh vkgs ;kph ekfgrh fnyh vkgs-
rDrk 5-6
js’ku nqdkuakph xOgkph mpy
ds’kjh dkMZ fioGs
fioGs dkMZ vaR;ksn; dkMZ
fDaoVy jsat
okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1 rs 10 10 28-57 & & & &
11 rs 20 19 54-29 4 11-43 16 45-71
21 rs 30 5 14-29 6 17-14 18 51-43
31 rs 40 1 2-86 19 54-29 1 2-86
41 rs 50 & & 4 11-43 & &
50 is{kk tkLr & & 2 5-71 & &
,dw.k 35 100 35 100 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2010

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] Mksaxjh Hkkxkr ds’kjh dkMkZlkBh
1 rs 10 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy dj.kkjh 25-57 js’ku nqdkus vkgsr- rj
54-29 VDds nqdkus gh 11 rs 20 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy djrkr- rj 14-29
VDds nqdkus 21 rs 30 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy djhr vlwu QDr ,dp nqdku
¼2-86 %½ 31 rs 30 fDoaVy xOgkph ds’kjh dkMkZlkBh mpy djrkuk vk<Gwu
vkys-

141
 fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh dj.;kr ;s.kkjh mpy igkrk] 11 rs 20 fDoaVy
xOgkph mpy dj.kkjh 11-43 nqdkus vkgsr- 21 rs 30 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy
dj.kkjh 17-14 VDds nqdkus rj 31 rs 40 fDoaVy o 41 rs 50 fDoaVy
xOgkph mpy dj.kkjh vuqØes 54-29 VDds o 11-43 VDds js’ku nqdkus
vkgsr- QDr nksup nqdkus ¼5-71 %½ fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh 50 fDoaVygwu
vf/kd xOgkph mpy djrkr- vH;kl{ks=kr fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh loZp nqdkus
gh 10 fDoaVy is{kk vf/kd xOgkph mpy djrkuk fnlrkr-

vkÑrh 5-5
js’ ku nqdkuak ph xOgkph mpy
60
ds'kjh
50
fioGs
40
mpy ¼VDds½

vaR;ksn;
30

20

10

0
1 rs 10 11 rs 20 21 rs 30 31 rs 40 41 rs 50 50 is{ kk tkLr

xgw ¼fDoaV y½

vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZk/kkjdkaP;klkBh dsysyh xOgkph mpy ikgrk vls

fnlwu ;srs dh] fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k Áek.ksp vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh
ns[khy dsyh tk.kkjh xOgkph mpy gh usgeh 10 fDoaVyis{kk vf/kd vkgs- ;ke/;s
45-71 VDds nqdkukadMwu 11 rs 20 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy gksrs rj fuEE;kgwu
vf/kd nqdkus ¼51-43 %½ gh 21 rs 30 fDoaVy xOgkph mpy djrkr- 31 rs
40 fDoaVyi;Zar xOgkph mpy dj.kkjs ,dp nqdku ¼2-86 %½ vlwu vaR;ksn;
;kstusP;k dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh 40 fDoaVyis{kk vf/kd xOgkph mpy dks.kR;kp js’ku
nqdkukrwu gksrkuk fnlr ukgh-

142
 ojhy ekfgrh o:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] fioGÓk o vaR;ksn;
;kstuslkBhP;k dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh gks.kkjh xOgkph mpy gh fuf’pri.ks ds’kjh
dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh gks.kkÚ;k xOgkP;k mpyhis{kk vf/kd vkgs- fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh
xOgkph mpy lokZr tkLr Áek.kkr gksrkuk vk<Grs-

5-8-2 js’ku nqdkukaph rkanGkph mpy

js’ku nqdkunkj rkyqD;kgwu osxosxGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh fdrh Áek.kkr
rkanGkph mpy djrkr] rlsp ds’kjh] fioGÓk o vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k
dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k Áek.kkuqlkj rkanGkph fdrh Áek.kkr mpy gksrs gs igk.ks vko’;d
vkgs- [kkyhy rDR;kr js’ku nqdkunkjkadMwu dkMZ/kkjdkauqlkj gks.kkjh rkanGkph
mpy fdrh vkgs ;kph ekfgrh fnyh vkgs-
rDrk 5-7
js’ku nqdkuakph rkanGkph mpy
ds’kjh dkMZ fioGs dkMZ vaR;ksn; dkMZ
fDaoVy jsat
okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1 rs 10 18 51-43 1 2-86 16 45-71
11 rs 20 15 42-86 17 48-57 15 42-86
21 rs 30 2 5-71 11 31-43 4 11-43
31 rs 40 & & 3 8-57 & &
41 rs 50 & & 2 5-71 & &
50 is{kk tkLr & & 1 2-86 & &
,dw.k 35 100 35 100 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] Mksaxjh Hkkxkr ds’kjh dkMkZlkBh 1
rs 10 fDoaVy rkanGkph mpy dj.kkjh fuEE;kgwu vf/kd ¼51-43 %½ js’ku
nqdkus vkgsr- rj 42-86 VDds nqdkus gh 11 rs 20 fDoaVy rkanGkph mpy
djhr vlwu QDr nksu nqdkus ¼5-71 %½ 21 rs 30 fDoaVy rkanGkph mpy

143
djkruk vk<Grkr- ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkaklBh 30 fDoaVyis{kk vf/kd rkanGkph
mpy gksrku fnlwu ;sr ukgh-

vkÑrh 5-6
js’ ku nqd kuakph rkan Gkph mpy
60
ds' kj h
50 fioGs
40 vaR ;ksn ;
mpy ¼VDds½

30
20
10
0
1 rs 10 11 rs 20 21 rs 30 31 rs 40 41 rs 50 50 is{kk tkLr
rkan wG ¼fDoaV y½

fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh dj.;kr ;s.kkjh mpy igkrk] 1 rs 10 fDoaVy

rkanGkph mpy dj.kkjs ,d nqdku ¼2-86 %½ vlwu 11 rs 20 fDoaVy
rkanGkph mpy dj.kkjh 48-57 nqdkus vkgsr- 21 rs 30 fDoaVy rkanGkph
mpy dj.kkjh 31-43 VDds nqdkus vkgsr rj 31 rs 40 fDoaVy o 41 rs 50
fDoaVy rkanGkph mpy dj.kkjh vuqØes 8-57 VDds o 5-71 VDds js’ku nqdkus
vkgsr- QDr ,dp nqdku ¼2-86 %½ fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh 50 fDoaVygwu
vf/kd rkanGkph mpy djrs-

vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZk/kkjdkaP;klkBh dsysyh rkanGkph mpy ikgrk vls

fnlwu ;srs dh] fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkaP;kis{kk vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh
gks.kkjh rkanGkph mpy deh vkgs- ;ke/;s 45-71 VDds nqdkukadMwu 1 rs 10
fDoaVy xOgkph mpy gksrs rj 42-86 VDds nqdkus gh 11 rs 20 fDoaVy
xOgkph mpy djrkr- 21 rs 30 fDoaVyi;Zar xOgkph mpy dj.kkjh pkj nqdkus

144
¼11-43 %½ vlwu vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh 30 fDoaVyis{kk vf/kd
xOgkph mpy dks.kR;kp js’ku nqdkukrwu gksrkuk fnlr ukgh-

ojhy ekfgrh o:u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] tkLrhr tkLr rkanGkph mpy
fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh gksrs vkgs- dkj.k vH;kl{ks=kr nkfjæÓ js"ks[kkyh ;s.kkÚ;k
yksdkaps Áek.k vf/kd vkgs- fioGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkauarj vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k
dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh rkanGkph mpy tkLr gksrs rj vis{ksÁek.ks ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh
gks.kkjh rkanGkph mpy deh vkgs dkj.k ,drj ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh ;s.kkÚ;k
/kkU;kpk lkBk fuf’pr ulrks o nqljs Eg.kts vH;kl {ks=krhy Mksaxjh Hkkxkr
ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k rqyusus deh vkgs-

5-8-3 js’ku nqdkukaph jkWdsyph mpy

js’ku nqdkunkjkadMwu rkyqD;kgwu osxosxGÓk dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh xgw o rkanqG
;kcjkscjp fdrh Áek.kkr jkWdsyph mpy gksrs gs igk.ks vko’;d vkgs- ds’kjh]
fioGÓk o vaR;ksn; ;kstusP;k dkMZ/kkjdkauk feG.kkjs jkWdsyps Áek.k lkj[ksp
vlY;kus jkWdsyph mpy gh ,dw.k dkMZ/kkjkdkauqlkj gksr vlrs- [kkyhy rDR;kr
js’ku nqdkunkjkadMwu gks.kkjh jkWdsyph mpy fdrh vkgs ;kph ekfgrh fnyh vkgs-
rDrk 5-8
js’ku nqdkuakph jkWdsyph mpy
fyVj jsat okjaokjhrk VDds
VDdsokjh
1000 rs 2000 20 57-14
2001 rs 4000 14 40-00
4001 rs 6000 1 2-86
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

145
 vkÑrh 5- 7
js’ ku nqd kuak ph jkWd sy ph mpy ¼fyVj½
2.86%

40.00%

57.14%

1000 rs 2000 2001 rs 4000 4001 rs 6000

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] vH;kl{ks=krhy fuEE;kis{kk tkLr

js’ku /kkU; nqdkus gh 1000 rs 2000 fyVj jkWdsyph rj 40-00 VDds nqdkus
2001 rs 4000 fyVj jkWdsyph mpy djrkr- vH;kl{ks=kr QDr ,dk
nqdkukrwu ¼2-86 %½ 4000 fyVjis{kk vf/kd jkWdsyph mpy gksrkuk fnlwu
;srs- dkj.k ;k js’ku nqdkukP;k dkMZ/kkjkdkaph la[;k tkLr vkgs- ojhy loZ
ckchapk fopkj djrk] vH;kl {ks=rhy dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkaP;k
Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy loZp js’ku /kkU; nqdkus lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksekQZr forjhr
gks.kkÚ;k xgw] rkanqG o jkWdsy ;k frugh oLrwaph mpy djrkuk fnlwu ;srkr-
ikersy gs Áfr dkMZ/kkjdkal 1 fyVj feGrs ek= rs usgehp feGrs vls ukgh-
lk[kj vkf.k rwjMkG ;k oLrw ns[khy d/khrjh forjhr gksrkuk fnlrkr- eq[;Ros
d:u luklqnhP;k osGsyk v’kk oLrwaps forj.k gksrkuk fnlwu ;srs-

5-9 js’kfuax oLrwapk [kjsnh foØh nj vkf.k uQk

js’ku nqdkunkjkauk gks.kkÚ;k u¶;k&rksVÓkpk vH;kl dj.ks t:jhps vkgs-
lgkftdp R;kauk gks.kkjk uQk fdaok rksVk gk /kkU;kaP;k [kjsnh o foØh njkaoj

146
 voyacwu vlrks- Eg.kwu js’kfuax oLrwaP;k [kjsnh foØhP;k njkapk lfoLrj vH;kl
gks.ks xjtsps vkgs- [kkyhy rDR;ke/;s js’ku nqdkukrwu forjhr gks.kkÚ;k oLrwapk
[kjsnh o foØhpk nj n’kZfoyk vkgs-
rDrk 5-9
js’kfuax oLrwapk [kjsnh foØh nj vkf.k uQk
ds’kjh dkMZ fioGs dkMZ vaR;ksn; dkMZ
oLrw [kjsnh foØh [kjsnh foØh [kjsnh foØh
uQk uQk uQk
nj nj nj nj nj nj
xgw 6-70 7-20 0-50 4-50 5-0 0-50 1-50 2-0 0-50
rkanqG 9-10 9-60 0-50 5-50 6-0 0-50 2-50 3-0 0-50
jkWdsy 12-65 12-95 0-30 12-65 12-65 0-30 12-65 12-95 0-30
ikersy 29-0 30-0 1-00 29-0 30-0 1-0 29 30-0 1-00
lk[kj 20-0 20-0 00 13-50 13-50 00 13-50 13-50 00
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011
ojhy rDrk gk js’kuoj iqjfoY;k tk.kkÚ;k oLrwapk [kjsnh o foØh nj
n’kZforks] R;ko:u js’ku /kkU; nqdkuknkjkauk fdrir uQk feGrks gs y{kkr ;sr-s
ds’kjh dkMkZlkBh xOgkph foØh #- 6-70 us gksrs o foØh #- 7-20 us gksrs-
rj rkanGkph [kjsnh fdaer Áfr fdyksl #- 9-10 brdh vlwu foØh fdaer #-
9-60 brdh vkgs- ;ko:u nqdkunkjkl ds’kjh dkMkZojhy xOgkiklwu o
rkanGkiklwu Áfr fdyksl 50 iSls uQk feGrks- lk[kjsP;k ckcrhr lkaxk;ps rj
ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkauk lk[kj 20-0 #- fdyksus feGrs o lk[kjsph [kjsnh fdaer
ns[khy #- 20-0 Áfr fdyks vlY;kus lk[kjsP;k foØhiklwu nqdkunkjkauk
dks.krkpk Qk;nk gksr ukgh- lk[kj fodY;kuarj dsoG ckjnk.k fdaok eksdGh
iksrh ;kaP;k foØhrwu ;s.kkjs mRiUu Eg.ktsp uQk ekukok ykxrks- vFkkZr
nqdkunkj dkMZ/kkjdkauk ekykps out d:u nsrkuk FkksMhQkj gkrpkyk[kh d:u
uk uQk uk rksVk O;ogkj djrkr-

147
 fioGÓk dkMkZP;k ckcrhr xOgkph [kjsnh fdaer #- 4-50 vkgs o foØh
fdaer #- 5-0 vkgs] rlsp rkanGkph [kjsnh fdaer #- 5-50 vkgs o foØh
fdaer #- 6-00 brdh vkgs- ;kpk vFkZ ;k nksUgh oLrw iklwu nqdkunkjkauk
fdyksikBhekxs QDr 50 iSls uQk feGrks- ds’kjh dkMZ/kkjdkaÁek.ks fioGÓk
dkMkZojhy lk[kjsph [kjsnh vkf.k foØh fdaer lkj[khp vlY;kus lk[kj foØhrwu
nqdkunkjkauk uQk feGr ukgh- ek= ds’kjh dkMkZis{kk lk[kjsph [kjsnh o foØh
fdaer deh ¼#- 13-50½ vkgs-

vaR;ksn; dkMZojhy xgw nqdkunkj #- 1-50 [kjsnh d:r rks 2-00

#i;kaus fodrkr rj rkanqG 2-50 #i;kaus [kjsnh d:u 3-0 #i;kaus fodrkr-
;kpk vFkZ ds’kjh o fioGÓk dkMkZis{kk vaR;ksn; dkMkZojhy xOgkph [kjsnh o foØh
fdaer deh vlyh rjh nqdkunkjkyk ;k nksUgh oLrw ikBhekxs feG.kkjk uQk ek=
ds’kjh o fioGÓk dkMkZbrdkp ¼50 iSls½ vkgs- vaR;ksn; dkMZojhy lk[kjsph
[kjsnh o foØh fdaer gh fioGÓk dkMkZÁek.ksp vkgs-

ojhy rDR;kuqlkj jkWdsyP;k ckcrhr vls fnlwu ;srs dh] loZ

dkMZ/kkjdkajhrk loZ nqdkunkjkauk jkWdsy gs Áfr fyVj #- 12-65 brD;k njkus
feGrs o rs jkWdsy R;kauk Áfr fyVj 12-95 #i;kauh fodkos ykxrs] Eg.kts R;kauk
fyVj ikBhekxs QDr 30 iSls brdk uQk feGrks- ;kpÁek.ks loZ ÁdkjP;k
dkMZ/kkjdkalkBh feG.kkÚ;k ikersykph fdaer 29 #i;s vkgs o gs ikersy
nqdkunkj 30 #i;s fdaerhus fodwu R;kiklwu Áfr fyVj ekxs 1-0 #i;s uQk
feGorkr-

;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh js’kuoj iqjfoY;k tk.kkÚ;k oLrwlkBh feG.kkjk

uQk gk [kwi deh vkgs- ek= tj ,dk nqdkukyk tksMY;k xsysY;k dkMZ/kkjdkaph
148
la[;k vf/kd vlsy rj feG.kkÚ;k u¶;kr FkksMÓk Áek.kkr ok< gksrs- vls
vlys rjh R;kauk js’kuojhy oLrwikBhekxs feG.kkÚ;k u¶;kps Áek.k gs vYi
vkgs- [kjsnh&foØh njkr vaR;r vYi xkGk feGr vlY;kus nqdkunkj tknk uQk
feG.kkP;k mÌs’kkus js’ku nqdkunkj Hkz"V o xSj ekxkZapk voyac djrkuk fnlrkr-
nqdkunkjkapk Qk;nk vf/kd djko;kpk vlsy rj xkGk@ekftZu ok<owu |kok
ykxsy- o R;kpk ifj.kke Eg.kwu dkMZ/kkjdkauk /kkU; egkx ?;kos ykxsy- v’kk
rÚgsus bdMs vkM o frdMs foghj v’kk n`"VpØkr lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk
lkiMyh vkgs-

5-10 LoLr /kkU; nqdkukapk okf"kZd Qk;nk o rksVk

lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksr js’ku /kkU; nqdkukaps egRo vuU;lk/kkj.k
vkgs- ek= ;k nqdkukauk usedk Qk;nk gksrks dk gs igk.ks xjtsps vkgs- tj
HkkSxksfyd o yksdla[;sP;k n`"Vhus lkj[;kp ifjfLFkrhr ,[kk|k nqdkukl Qk;nk o
,[kk|k nqdkukl rksVk gksr vlsy rj R;kikBhekxph dkj.ks vH;kl.ks vko’;d
vkgs- ;k loZ xks"Vhaps Lo:i [kkyhy rDR;k}kjs Li"V dj.;kpk Á;Ru dsyk
vkgs-
rDrk 5-10
LoLr /kkU; nqnqdkukapk Qk;nk o rksVk
ljkljh
v- Ø- Qk;nk@rksVk ¼#-
¼#-½ okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
Qk;nk ¼#-
¼#-½
1- rksVk 0 0
2- 1 rs 5000 4 11-43
3- 5001 rs 10000 6 17-14
17628
4- 10001 rs 15000 10 28-27
5- 15001 rs 25000 9 25-72
6- 25000 is{kk tkLr 6 17-14
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011
149
 ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] vH;kl {ks=kr ,dgh rksVÓkr
pky.kkjs LoLr js’ku /kkU; nqdku ukgh- loZ nqdkus Qk;|kr pkyr vlwu R;kauk
gks.kkjk Qk;nk gk ek= deh o osxosxGk vkgs- dkj.k nqdkukyk tksMysY;k
dkMZ/kkjdkaph la[;k o nqdkunkjkadMwu gks.kkjh /kkU;kph mpy ;koj gk Qk;nk
voyacwu vlrks- 5000 #i;kai;Zr Q;nk gks.kkjh vH;kl {ks=kr 11-43 VDds
nqdkus vlwu 17-14 VDds nqdkukauk 5001 rs 10000 #i;kai;Zar Qk;nk gksrks-
;kpk vFkZ vH;kl{ks=krhy 70 VDD;kgwu vf/kd ¼71-43 %½ nqdkuknkjkauk
10000 #i;kais{kk vf/kd Qk;nk gksrks- ;ke/;s 10001 rs 15000 #i;kai;Zar
uQk feGo.kkjh 28-57 VDds nqdkus vlwu 15001 rs 25000 #i;kai;Zar uQk
feGo.kkjh 25-72 VDds nqdkus vkgsr- 17-14 VDds nqdkunkjkauk lkoZtfud
forj.kkrhy /kkU; okVikrwu 25000 #i;kais{kk vf/kd uQk feGrks- rj ljkljh
#- 17628 brdk Qk;nk fnlwu ;srks-

vkÑrh 5- 8
LoLr /kkU; nqd kukap k Qk;nk o rksVk ¼#i;s½
0.00%
11.43%
17.14%

17.14%

25.72%

28.27%

rksVk 1 rs 5000 5001 rs 10000

10001 rs 15000 15001 rs 25000 25000 is{kk tkLr

uQk gk R;k nqdkukauk tksMY;k xssysY;k dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k la[;soj voyacwu

vlrks- R;keqGs LoLr /kkU; nqdkunkj vkiY;kyk nqdkus pkyfo.;kl ijoMr
150
ukghr v’kh rØkj djrkuk fnlrkr- dkgh nqdkunkj vkiyh 'ksrh ikgr js’ku
nqdku pkyforkr rj dkgh nqdkunkjkapk LoLr /kkU; nqdkukcjkscjp fdjk.kk
nqdkukpk O;olk; ns[khy vkgsr vls R;kaP;kdMwu lkax.;kr vkys- R;kauk feG.kkjs
ekftZu [kwi deh vlY;kus uQk deh gksrks vls vusd nqdkunkjkadMwu lkax.;kr
vkys- R;keqGs nqdkunkjkauk feG.kkÚ;k u¶;kr FkksMÓk Áek.kkr ok< Ogkoh ;klkBh
R;kauh R;kauk feG.kkjs ekftZu ok<owu feGkos v’kh fouarh 'kklukdMs ojpsoj dsyh
vkgs- ;kcjkscjp dkgh nqdkunkjkauh pDd vkEgkyk js’ku nqdku pkyfo.;kdjhr
nj efguk Bjkfod osru feGkos v’kh ekx.kh dsyh vkgs- dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k Áek.kkr
nj dkMZ/kkjdkaekxs dkgh jDde eku/ku ¼osru½ Eg.kwu nsrk ;sbZy dk ;kojgh
fopkj djrk ;srks-

5-11 js’ku nqdku pkyw o can dj.ksph osG

dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k n`"Vhus js’ku nqdku fdrh osG pkyw vlrs] rlsp nqdku
m?kM.;kph o can dj.;kph osG dk; vkgs] rh dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k n`"Vhus lks;hph
vkgs dh ukgh gs igk.ks vko’;d vkgs- ;k laca/khph lfoLrj ekfgrh [kkyhy
rDR;k}kjs n’kZfoyh vkgs-
rDrk 5-11
js’ku nqdku pkyw o can dj.;kph osG
v- Ø- ri’khy okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- l- 8 rs 12 o nq- 3 rs 6 19 54-28
2- l- 8 rs nq- 2 i;Zar 4 11-42
3- nq- 3 rs jk=h 9 o R;kiq<s 3 8-57
4- fnolHkj 9 25-73
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

151
 ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] ldkGh 8 rs 12 o nqikjh 3 rs
6 ;k osGsr pkyq vl.kkjh ,dw.k 19 ¼54-28 %½ nqdkus vkgsr- Eg.ktsp
fuEE;kgwu vf/kd js’ku nqdkus ;k Bjkfod osGsr pkyw vlrkr- ldkGh
8 oktY;kiklwu nqikjh 2 oktsi;aZr pkyw vl.kkjh 11-42 VDds nqdkus vlwu
8-57 VDds nqdkus gh QDr nqikjh 3 oktY;kiklwu jk=h 9 oktsi;Zar fdaok
R;kgwu vf/kd dkG pkyw vlrkr- ,dw.k nqdkukiSdh 9 ¼25-73 %½ nqdkus gh
fnolHkj pkyw vlrkr- ;ke/;s Ákeq[;kus v’kh nqdkus ;srkr dh th fdjk.kk
ekykP;k fdaok brj ekykP;k nqdkuklkscr pkyfoyh tkrkr- rFkkfi] dsoG js’ku
nqdku vl.kkÚ;kauk v/kZosG nqdku m?kMh Bsowu brj osGsr R;kauk vU; dkekrwu
vkfFkZd ÁkIrh d:u ?;koh ykxrs- v’kk rÚgsus js’ku nqdkukaeqGs iw.kZ fnol o iw.kZ
efguk dke u ns.kkÚ;k laLFkk vkgsr-

vkÑrh 5- 9
js’ ku nqd ku pkyw o can dj.;kph osG

25.73%

54.28%
8.57%

11.42%

l- 8 rs 12 o nq- 3 rs 6 l- 8 rs nq- 2 i;Zar

nq- 3 rs jk=h 9 o R;kiq<s fnolHkj

;ko:u vls fnlrs dh] Mksaxjh Hkkxkr js’ku nqdku pkyw vkf.k can
dj.;kP;k osGsr ,dlekurk fnlwu ;sr ukgh- R;keqGs dkMZ/kkjdkaph xSjlks; gksrs-
js’ku nqdkunkj dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k lks;h,soth vkiY;k lks;huqlkj nqdkus pkyfor

152
vlY;kps fnlwu vkys- dkgh vioknkRed fBdk.kh nqdkus gh jk=h 8
oktY;kiklwu rs 12 oktsi;Zar pkyw Bsorkr vls fnlwu vkys ¼lkaxyh ftYgÓkrhy
fcÅj ;sfFky js’ku nqdku½- v’kk fBdk.kh jk=hP;kosGh dkMZ/kkjdkaph xnhZ gksrs-
v’kk jk=hP;k o xnhZP;k osGh nqdkunkjkadMwu /kkU; okVikr xSjÁdkj gks.;kph
'kD;rk vf/kd vlrs- ek= ;k js’ku nqdkunkjkauk ;kckcr fopkjys vlrk
dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k lks;hlkBhp v’kh osG BsoY;kps rs lkaxrkr-

5-12 js’ku /kkU; nqdkukaph okf"kZd myk<ky

uequk fuoMhrhy 35 js’ku /kkU; nqdkukaph xsY;k ikp o"kkZr ,dw.k
myk<ky fdrh >kyh gs igk.ks t:jhps vkgs- R;keqGs R;k js’ku nqdkukaP;k [kjsnh
foØhph O;kIrh letw 'kdsy- [kkyhy rDR;k}kjs js’ku /kkU; nqdkukaph okf"kZd
ljkljh myk<ky n’kZfoyh vkgs-
rDrk 5-12
js’ku /kkU; nqdkuka
kukaph ljkljh okf"kZd myk<ky
lu 2005&
2005&06 rs 2009&
2009&10
¼jDde #i;kar½
v- Ø - o"kZ [kjsnh foØh uQk rksVk
1- 2005&06 3]87]612 4]08]324 20]712 &
2- 2006&07 3]88]944 4]09]046 20]102 &
3- 2007&08 7]39]524 7]69]017 29]493 &
4- 2008&09 7]51]656 7]83]094 31]438 &
5- 2009&10 8]20]092 8]51]293 31]201 &
,dw.k 30]]87]
30 87]828 32
32]]20]
20]774 1]32]
32]946 &
ljkljh 6]17
17]]522 6]4444]]155 26
26]]589 &
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

153
 vkÑrh 5-10
js’ ku /kkU; nqd kukap h ljkljh okf"kZd myk<ky
900
800 [kjsnh foØh uQk
#i;s ¼gtkjkr½ 700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2005&06 2006&07 2007&08 2008&09 2009&10
o"kZs

ojhy rDR;kuqlkj vH;kl{ks=krhy js’ku nqdkukaph lu 2005&06 e/;s

,dw.k ljkljh [kjsnh #- 387612 brdh vlwu ljkljh foØh #- 408324
brdh gksrh- R;kiklwu loZ uequk js’ku nqdkukauk #- 20712 brdk Qk;nk
>kyk-

lu 2006&07 e/;s ljkljh [kjsnh #- 388944 brdh gksrh rj

ljkljh foØh #-409046 brdh gksrh o ;kiklwu >kysyk uQk #- 20102
brdk gksrk- ;ko:u vls y{kkr ;srs lu 2005&06 is{kk lu 2006&07 e/;s
js’ku nqdkukaph ljkljh okf"kZd myk<ky tjh tkLr >kyh vlyh rjh u¶;kr
ek= ?kV >kysyh vkgs-

lu 2007&08 e/;s Mksaxjh Hkkxrhy la’kks/ku {ks=krhy js’ku nqdkukaph

ljkljh [kjsnh #- 739524 brdh gksrh rj ljkljh foØh #- 769017 brdh
gksrh- ;kiklwu R;kauk ljkljh #- 29493 brdk uQk feGkyk- gk xsY;k nksUgh
o"kkZe/;s feGkysY;k Qk;|kP;k rqyusr tkLr vkgs- ;kps lokZr egRokps dkj.k

154
Eg.kts lu 2007&08 iklwu ds’kjh dkMkZoj gks.kkjk vUu/kkU;kpk iqjoBk
ok<oyk xsyk-

lu 2008&09 e/;s #- 751656 ps /kkU; [kjsnh d:u rs ljkljh

783094 #i;kauh foØh d:u js’ku nqdkunkjkauh #- 31438 brdk ljkljh
uQk feGfoyk-

lu 2009&10 e/;s js’ku nqdkunkjkadMwu #- 820092 brD;k

vUu/kkU;kph [kjsnh >kyh vlwu ljkljh #- 851293 brD;k fdearhP;k
/kkU;kph foØh >kyh vkgs- ;kiklwu nqdkunkjkauk ljkljh okf"kZd 31201 brdk
uQk feGkyk tks ekxhy o"kkZis{kk #- 237 us deh vkgs-

;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkP;k
Mksaxjh Hkkxkr ljkljh myk<ky deh fnlwu ;srs- R;kpÁek.ks js’ku nqdkunkjkauk
feG.kkÚ;k ljkljh okf"kZd u¶;kps Áek.k ns[khy vR;Yi vkgs-

5-13 Mksaxjh Hkkxkdjhrk ljdkjdMwu feG.kkÚ;k loyrh

vUulqj{kk ns.;klkBh ns’kHkjkr egRokph Hkwfedk ctko.kkÚ;k lkoZtfud
forj.k O;oLFksr js’ku nqdkukauk ljkdkMwu dkgh lsok loyrh fdaok dkgh
vuqnku oSxsjs feGrs dk gs igk.ks ns[khy xjtsps vkgs- rlsp Mksaxjh Hkkxkdjhrk
ljkdkjus dkgh fo’ks"k lsok loyrh iqjoY;kr dk ts.ksd:u Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy
js’ku nqdkukaph dk;Z{kerk o O;oLFkkiu lqjGhr pkyw 'kdsy- ;kckcrph lfoLrj
ekfgrh [kkyhy rDR;kr n’kZfoyh vkgs-

155
 rDrk 5-13
ljdkjdMwu dkgh loyrh feGrkr dk\
dk\
v- Ø- ri’khy okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
1- gks; 0 0
2- ukgh 35 100
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011

ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy js’ku nqdkukauk
ljdkjdMwu Mksaxjh Hkkx Eg.kwu fo’ks"k ÁdkjP;k v’kk dks.kR;kp lks;h fdaok
loyrh feGr ukghr- js’ku nqdkunjkauk ;kfo"k;h fopkjys vlrk 100 VDds
nqdkunkjkauh v’kk dks.kR;kp loyrh feGr ulY;kps lkafxrys- ;k xks"VhP;k
Mkasxjh Hkkxkrhy js’ku nqdkukaP;k O;oLFkkiukoj Qkj eksBÓk Áek.kkr ifj.kke
gksrks- feG.kkjk Qk;nk vR;Yi] dks.kR;kgh fo’ks"k loyrh ukghr- ;keqGs js’ku
nqdkunkj js’ku /kkU; nqdku pkyforkuk fu:Rlkgh fnlwu vkys- ;kf’kok;
ekykojps fjcsV #- 11-24 brds vlwu Mksaxjh Hkkxkr okgrqd o gekyhlkBh
ljkljh fDoaVy ikBhekxs #- 30 brdk [kpZ ;srks- gk loZ [kpZ nqdkunkjkyk
vkiY;k f[k’kkrwu djkok ykxrks- ;kpk ifj.kke R;kyk feG.kkÚ;k u¶;koj gksrks-
R;keqGs feG.kkÚ;k u¶;kr ok< Ogkoh] tkLr iSlk feGkok ;k mÌs’kkus vls
nqdkunkj js’ku /kkU; forj.kkr Hkz"Vkpkj] xSjÁdkj djrkuk vk<Grkr- ljdkjus
;k loZ ckchadMs osGhp y{k nsowu js’ku nqdkukauk fof’k"V ÁdkjP;k lks;h fdaok
vuqnku eatwj djkos ts.ksd:u nqdkunkjkadMwu gks.kkÚ;k Hkz"Vkpkjkl] xSjÁdkjkp
FkksMÓk Áek.kkr dk gksbZuk vkGk clsy-

156
5-14 lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk dk;Z{ke dj.;kdjhrk js’ku
nqdkunkjkaph ers
ns’kkrhy tursyk vUulqj{kk ns.;klkBh] nkfjæÓ deh dj.;klkBh]
dqiks"k.k] miklekj b- xks"Vhaph rhozrk deh dj.;klkBh ljdkjdMwu fofo/k
;kstuk jkcfoY;k tkrkr- R;krhy lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk gh lokZr egRokph
;a=.kk vkgs- ek= vH;klkvarh gh ;a=.kk vdk;Z{ke vlY;kps fnlwu ;srs-
;kcÌy js’ku nqdkunkjkauk fopkjys vlrk R;kauh lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk
dk;Z{ke dj.;klkBh dkgh ers ekaMyh- [kkyhr rDR;k}kjs js’ku nqdkunkjkaph gh
ers n’kZfoyh vkgsr-
rDrk 5-14
lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk dk;Z{ke gks.;kdjhrk
js’ku nqdkunkjkaph ers
v-
ri’khy okjaokjhrk VDdsokjh
Ø-
1- ekftZu o fjcsV ok<owu feGkos 13 37-14
nqdku pkyfo.;kdjhrk ixkj fdaok vuqnku]
2- 3 8-57
loyrh feGkO;kr
njkr Qjd d:u lokZauk Áfr ek.k’kh
3- 7 20-00
Áek.kkuqlkj iqjoBk Ogkok
4- dkMZ/kkjdkaps ;ksX; Ádkjs ofxZdj.k Ogkos 11 31-42
5- vUu/kkU;kpk iqjoBk fu;fer o ok<owu feGkok 1 2-87
,dw
,dw.k 35 100
lanHkZ % {ks=loZs{k.k] 2011
ojhy rDR;ko:u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFkk dk;Z{ke
dj.;kdjhrk js’ku nqdkunkjkauh th ers ekaMyh vkgsr R;ke/;s R;kauh QDr
vkiyk Lor%pk fopkj dsyk vkgs- ;ke/;s toGikl 37-14 VDds nqdkunkjkauh
R;kauk feG.kkjs fjcsV o ekftZu ok<owu feGkos gh lwpuk dsyh vkgs- dkj.k
R;kauk Áfr fDoaVy feG.kkjs fjcsV gs 11-24 #i;s brds vkgs ek= Mksaxjh Hkkx

157
vlY;kus okgrqd o gekyh [kpZ R;kgwu fdrhrjh tkLr ;srks o rks nqdkunkjkl
Lor%P;k u¶;krwu |kok ykxrks- Eg.kwu cgqrsd nqdkunkjkauh v’kk Ádkjph ekx.kh
dsY;kps fnlwu ;srs-

vkÑrh 5- 11
lkoZt fud forj.k O;oLFkk dk;Z{ ke gks. ;kdjhrk js’ ku nqd kunkjkap h ers

2.87%

31.42%
37.14%

20.00% 8.57%

ekftZu o fjcsV ok<owu feGkos

nqdku pkyfo.;kdjhrk ixkj fdaok vuqnku] loyrh feGkO;kr
njkr Qjd d:u lokZauk Áfr ek.k’kh Áek.kkuqlkj iqjoBk Ogkok
dkMZ/kkjdkaps ;ksX; Ádkjs ofxZdj.k Ogkos
vUu/kkU;kpk iqjoBk fu;fer o ok<owu feGkok

uequk ikgk.khrhy 8-57 VDds js’ku nqdkunkjkauh js’ku nqdku

pkyfo.;kdjhrk ;s.kkjk [kpZ o R;kiklwu feG.kkjk uQk gk loZ ldkjus vkiY;k
rkC;kr ?;kok o js’ku nqdkunkjkauk js’ku nqdku pkyfo.;kdjhr Bjkfod osru
|kos vls uewn dsys vkgs- vU;Fkk js’ku nqdku pkyfo.;kdjhrk dkgh loyrh]
vuqnku oSxsjs ns.;kr ;kos v’kh lwpuk dsyh vkgs-

rlsp 20 VDds js’ku nqdkunkjkauh O;fDrP;k vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrhuqlkj o

dkMkZP;k Ádkjkuqlkj njkr Qjd djkok vls er O;Dr dsys- ek= lokZauk leku
/kkU; o rs Áfr ek.k’kh Áek.k ;k rRokoj ns.;kr ;kos ;keqGs dkMZ/kkjdkauk ;ksX;

158
U;k; feGsy] rlsp dkMZ/kkjd o nqdkunkj ;kaP;ke/;s oknkoknhps Álax mn~Hko.kkj
ukghr vls lkax.;kr vkys- rlsp dkgh dkMZ/kkjdkauk 35 fdyks /kkU; feGrs]
ek= ?kjkr nksu fdaok rhu O;Drh vlrkr] R;kauk feG.kkjs gs /kkU; R;kaP;k
xjtsis{kk vf/kd vlrs R;keqGs vls dkMZ/kkjd vkiY;kdMhy /kkU;kph iquZfoØh
djrkr- ;klkBh dqVqackrhy Áfrek.k’kh Áek.kkuqlkj /kkU; ns.;kr ;kos vls /kkU;
nqdkunkjkauh lwpfoys vkgs-

,dw.k nqdkunkjkaiSdh 31-42 VDds js’ku nqdkunkjkauh dkMZ/kkjdkps ;ksX;

i)rhus ofxZdj.k Ogkos vls er uewn dsys vkgs- 1997&98 P;k los{Z k.kkuqlkj
th dkMsZ okVyh vkgsr R;kp i)rhus v|ki /kkU; okVi lq: vkgs- R;keqGs [kjk
xjhc ;k ;kstusiklwu oafpr jgkr vkgs- ;keqGs dkMZ/kkjdkaps QsjloZs{k.k d:u
;ksX; i)rhus ofxZdj.k gks.ks vko’;d vkgs-

dsoG ,dk nqdkunkjkus ¼2-87 %½ vUu/kkU;kpk iqjoBk ok<owu o

fu;fer feGkok v’kh lwpuk dsyh vkgs- R;keqGs js’ku nqdkunkjkauk Qk;nk gksbZy
o dkMZ/kkjdkaps ns[khy lek/kku gksbZy-

v’kk i)rhus js’ku nqdku O;oLFkkidkauh lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksr nks"k

vlwugh O;oLFkk dk;Z{ke dj.;kdjhrk vkiY;k lwpuk o ers ekaMyh vkgsr-

5-15 dkgh fuoMd fufj{k.ks

js’ku nqdkunkjkauk fu;fer o efgU;kP;k Bjkfod v’kk rkj[ksyk /kkU;kpk
iqjoBk gksr ukgh- nqdkukph lkQ lQkbZ tjh jkst dsyh tkr vlyh rjh /kkU;
lkBoY;kuarj R;kyk fdM ykxw u;s Eg.kwu vkS"k/kkapk okij dsyk tkr ukgh- /kkU;
rlsp m?kMÓk iksR;ke/;s Bsoys tkrs- dkgh nqdkunkj js’kuoj /kkU; miyC/k >kys

159
vkgs ;kP;k lwpuk lwpuk Qydkoj fyghr ukghr rj cjsp nqdkunkj gs
jktdkj.kk’kh ÁR;{k fdaok vÁR;{kfjR;k laca/khr vlY;kps vk<Gwu vkys-

'kklukdMwu dkMZ/kkjdkaP;k xjtsP;k Áek.kkr /kkU; feGr ukgh- rj /kkU;

js’kuoj miyC/k >kY;kuarj rs feGo.;klkBh xnhZ gksrs] jkax ykokoh ykxrs-
ÁR;sd efgU;kps /kkU; okVwu f’kYyd jkfgY;kl iq<hy efgU;kr rso<kp dksVk
f’kYyd nk[kowu R;kP;k deh Áek.kkr /kkU;kph mpy djkoh ykxrs-

5-16 lkjka’k
dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk ftYgÓkP;k Mksaxjh Hkkxkrhy lkoZtfud
forj.k O;oLFksps fp= ikfgys vlrk] ;k O;oLFksus xjhc] nkfjæÓ js"ks[kkyhy
tursyk deh fdearhr vUu/kkU; miyC/k d:u R;kaph ifjfLFkrh lq/kkj.;ke/;s
egRokph Hkwfedk ctkoyh vlY;kps fnlwu ;srs- rFkkfi] lkoZtfud forj.kkrwu
QDr xgw vkf.k rkanwG ;k nksup oLrw [kkld:u iqjfoY;k tkrkr rj jkWdsyP;k
ekx.khP;k ekukus iqjoBÓkps Áek.k deh vkgs- ;kpk ifj.kke Eg.kwu brj
xjtsP;k oLrwalkBh dkMZ/kkjdkauk [kqY;k cktkjkf’kok; i;kZ; ukgh- rs [kktxh
fdjdksG nqdkukarwu tkfLrrtkLr eky [kjsnh djrkr rj dkgh dkMZ/kkjd
m/kkjhoj [kjsnh djrkr vls fnlwu vkys- R;keqGs R;kauk R;k oLrwalkBh tkLr
fdaer ekstkoh ykxrs- ifj.kkeh R;kaph ifjfLFkrh lq/kkj.;k,soth tSls Fks jgkrs
fdaok rh vk.k[kh.kp [kkykors- ;k loZ ckchapk ns’kkP;k vkfFkZd fodklkoj
vÁR;{ki.ks ifj.kke gksrkuk fnlwu ;srks- ;keqGs dksYgkiwj] lkaxyh vkf.k lkrkjk
ftYgÓkaP;k Mkasxjh Hkkxkcjkscjp laiw.kZ ns’kkr lkoZtfud forj.k O;oLFksr dkgh
cny d:u rh l{ke o vFkZ{ke dj.ks xjtsps vkgs-

160