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ACI 523 2 1996 Guide For Precast Cellular Concrete Floor Roof and Wall Units PDF
ACI 523 2 1996 Guide For Precast Cellular Concrete Floor Roof and Wall Units PDF
2R-96
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4.1—Structural analysis
Keywords: cellular concretes; concrete construction; concrete slabs; deflection;
4.2—Notation
floors, lightweight concretes; precast concrete; prefabrication; roofs; structural 4.3—Allowable design stresses in concrete and reinforcement
design; thermal conductivity; walls. 4.4—Deflection
4.5—Concrete protection for reinforcement
CONTENTS 4.6—Modulus of elasticity
4.7—Bearing
Chapter 1—General, p 523.2R-2 4.8—Interaction between units
1.1—Objective 4.9—Anchorage
1.2—Scope 4.10—Holes and openings
1.3—Definition of cellular concrete
Chapter 5—Manufacturing, p. 523.2R-4
Chapter 2—Materials, p. 523.2R-2 5.1—Curing
2.1—Aggregate 5.2—Workmanship
2.2—Hydraulic cement 5.3—Dimensional tolerances
2.3—Lime 5.4—Identification and marking
2.4—Mixing water
2.5—Reinforcement Chapter 6—Tests, p. 523.2R-4
2.6—Admixtures 6.1—Tests of an individual flexural unit
6.2—Quality control, sampling and acceptance testing
Chapter 3—Concrete properties, p. 523.2R-2
3.1—Compressive strength
523.2R-1
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523.2R-2 ACI COMMITTEE REPORT
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(200 GPa)
should the thickness be less than 2 in. (50 mm). For this pur-
fc = allowable compressive stress
pose the thickness of a topping should not be included in
f'c = compressive strength of concrete specimen at 28
computing the depth.
days unless otherwise specified
h = vertical distance between lateral wall supports
4.5—Concrete protection for reinforcement
I = moment of inertia Due to the high porosity of cellular concretes, the reinforc-
L = span length of slab or beam ing bars must receive a rust-resistant coating before casting.
n = Es/Ec The minimum clear cover should be 1/2 in. (12 mm), com-
t = thickness of unit posed of cellular concrete and any coating that has been ap-
vs = allowable shear stress plied to the steel reinforcement. The protective cover for fire
w = total load per unit length of beam or per unit area hazard should be at least that necessary to comply with local
of slab building codes or other applicable codes.
D = deflection
4.6—Modulus of elasticity
4.3—Allowable design stresses in concrete and The modulus of elasticity should be determined in accor-
reinforcement dance with ASTM C 469, except that the specimens may be
4.3.1—For steel reinforcement, the design allowable
rectangular prisms, and only the results of the first cycle of
stresses should not exceed one-half of the specified yield
loading should be utilized. Strains may be measured by use
strength, with a maximum of 24,000 psi (165 MPa).
of electrical resistance strain gages, mechanical strain mea-
4.3.2—The design allowable stresses in the concrete
should conform to the requirements Appendix A of ACI 318, suring devices, or dial gages attached to a suitable frame.
except as noted below Maximum strains should not exceed 0.001.
a.Unreinforced web shear stress vc permitted should not It is possible to determine Ec and n by direct measurement
exceed 0.03 f'c. of deflection of production members, in accordance with
b.Walls—Allowable compressive stress in concrete for ASTM E 72. Using the deflection formula
precast cellular concrete load-bearing walls should not ex-
ceed the following ∆ = 5wL4/384EcI
fc = 0.2f’c[1—(h/40t)3] a value for EcI can be calculated. By trial and error calcula-
Non-load-bearing partitions or curtain walls should be tions for I of the uncracked transformed section, using as-
limited to an h/t ratio of not greater than 48, with the maxi- sumed values of n, a value for Ec can be calculated. Correct
mum height and length of the wall not exceeding 20 and 40 values of Ec and n are obtained when the relationship Es/Ec
feet respectively. is equal to the assumed value for n.
Copyright American Concrete Institute
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523.2R-4 ACI COMMITTEE REPORT
from its appearance and structural performance. fully placed in final position without overstressing or
Copyright American Concrete Institute
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PRECAST CELLULAR CONCRETE 523.2R-5
damage. Instructions from the manufacturer on how to han- C 469 Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity
dle the units must be followed. Special equipment is usually and Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression
used or recommended by the manufacturer to assist in the C 495 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of
transportation and erection of the units. Lightweight Insulating Concrete
C 513 Standard Method for Securing, Preparing, and Test-
CHAPTER 8—FIRE RESISTANCE ing Specimens from Hardened Lightweight Insulat-
The fire-retardant functions of cellular concrete range ing Concrete for Compressive Strength
from that of supporting loads during and after a fire to that of C 518 Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux
significantly reducing heat transfer. This ability to resist the Measurements and Thermal Transmission Proper-
flow of heat at high temperatures, as measured by the rise in ties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
temperature on the unexposed side of an assembly during a C 567 Standard Test Method for Unit Weight of Structural
fire test, is an important criterion in measuring fire retar- Lightweight Concrete
dance. Fire retardance tests have been conducted on wall, C 595 Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
floor, and roof assemblies constructed of cellular concrete. C 618 Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Cal-
Test results and construction details are published by ACI cined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Ad-
Committee 216 in their “Guide for Determining the Fire En- mixture In Portland Cement Concrete
durance of Concrete Elements (ACI 216R-89),” by the C 796 Standard Test Method for Foaming Agents for Use in
American Insurance Association, and by Underwriters Lab- Producing Cellular Concrete Using Preformed Foam
oratories, Inc. C 869 Standard Specification for Foaming Agents Used in
Making Preformed Foam for Cellular Concrete
CHAPTER 9—REFERENCES C 911 Standard Specification for Quicklime, Hydrated
Lime, and Limestone for Chemical Uses
9.1—Specified references
The standards and ACI documents referred to in this docu- E 72 Standard Method for Conducting Strength Tests of
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ment are listed below with their serial designation. The stan- Panels for Building Construction
dards and reports listed were current at the time this document E 122 Standard Recommended Practice for Choice of
was revised. Since some of these publications are revised fre- Sample Size to Estimate the Average Quality of a
quently, the user of this document should check directly with Lot or Process
the sponsoring group to refer to the latest revision. 9.1.3—American Welding Society Documents
9.1.1—ACI Documents D12.1 Recommended Practices for Welding Reinforcing
Steel, Metal Inserts, and Connections in Reinforced
117 Standard Tolerances for Concrete Construction and
Concrete Construction
Materials
212.3R Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
9.2—Cited references
214 Recommended Practice for Evaluation of Strength 1. Klieger, Paul, and Lamond, Joseph, eds., Significance of Tests and Prop-
Test Results of Concrete erties of Concrete and Concrete Making Materials, ASTM Publication STP
318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete 169C, Part VI, Chapter 49, 1994, 7 pp.
2. Zollo, R. F., and Hays, C. D., “A Habitat of Fiber Reinforced Con-
9.1.2—ASTM Standards crete,” Concrete International, Vol. 16, No. 6, June 1994, pp. 23-26.
A 82 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for 3. “Autoclaved Aerated Concrete—Properties, Testing, Design,”
Concrete Reinforcement RILEM Technical Committees 78-MCA and 51-ALC, London, 1993,
404 pp.
A 185 Standard Specification for Welded Steel Wire Fab-
4. Short, A., and Kinniburgh, W., Lightweight Concrete, John Wiley and
ric, Pain, for Concrete Reinforcement Sons, Inc., New York 1963, 368 pp.
A 615 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet- 5. Short, A., and Kinniburgh, W., “The Structural Use of Aerated Con-
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement crete,” The Structural Engineer (London), V. 39, No. 1, Jan. 1961, pp. 1-16.
6. Valore, R. C., Jr., “Insulating Concretes,” ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings
C 33 Standard Specifications for Concrete Aggregates V. 53, No. 5, Nov. 1954, pp. 509-532.
C 144 Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry 7. Valore, R. C., Jr., “Cellular Concretes,” ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings V.
Mortar 50, No. 9, May 1954, pp. 773-796; and No. 10, June 1954, pp. 817-836.
C 150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement 8. Kluge, Ralph W.; Sparks, Morris M.; and Tuma, Edward C., “Light-
weight-Aggregate Concrete,” ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 45, No. 9,
C 177 Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux May 1949, pp. 625-642.
Measurements and Thermal Transmission Proper- 9. Fire Resistance Directory—V. 1, Underwriters Laboratory, Inc.,
ties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus Northbrook, IL, 1995, 1516 pp.
C 332 Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates 10. Grimm, C. T., “Vermiculite Insulating Concrete,” Civil Engineering—
ASCE, V. 33, No. 11, Nov. 1963, p. 69.
for Insulating Concrete 11. “Sound Transmission Loss Test,” Report L-136-3-63 and L-136-6-63,
C 341 Standard Test Method for Length Change of Michael J. Kodaras Acoustical Laboratories, Perlite Institute, New York 1963.
Drilled or Sawed Specimens of Cement Mortar and 12. Ryan, J. V., and Bender E. W., “Fire Tests of Precast Cellular Con-
Concrete crete Floors and Roofs,” Monograph 45, National Bureau of Standards,
Washington, D.C., 1962.
C 426 Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of 13. Lightweight Concrete, RILEM Symposium (Goteborg, 1960);
Concrete Block RILEM, Paris (published by Akademiforiaget-Gumperts, 1961), 618 pp.
Copyright American Concrete Institute
Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 01/23/2006 00:30:39 MST