EVALUACIÓN DE LAS CONDICIONES DEL

MACIZO ROCOSO PARA ESTIMAR LA DILUCIÓN

DE LAS CAJAS
CÁLCULO DE DILUCION (%)
DEFINICION DE ELOS
Factores que afectan la estabilidad del tajo abierto & Dilución
 TAJEO POR SUBNIVELES
DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE TAJEOS
MÉTODO GRÁFICO DE ESTABILIDAD

Source:
Mathews et
al. (1981)
RADIO HIDRAULICO
 NÚMERO DE ESTABILIDAD

N'  Q' x A x B x C
N is the Stability number

Q' Modified Tunneling Quality

Index (NGI)
A Stress factor
B Joint orientation factor
C Gravity factor
 Indice Q´ De Barton
Q is the NGI tunnelling index
RQD Rock Quality Designation
Jr is the Joint roughness number
Jw is the Joint water reduction number
Jn is the Joint set number
Ja is the Joint alteration number
SRF is the Stress Reduction factor

RQD Jr J
RQD Jr J w
Q x x w Q'  x x
J J SRF J J 1
n a n a
Factor A: Factor de Esfuerzo
Factor B: Factor de Orientación de Juntas
 Factor C: Factor de Gravedad
Backs and Hanging Walls:
 Gráfico de Estabilidad

Source:
Point 1 Mathews

Point 2 (1981)

For a 20m high stope

HR = 3 L = 8.5m
HR = 9 L = 180m
 Gráfico de Estabilidad

Source: Potvin (1988)

Source: Nickson (1993)

Nickson (1993)
Gráfico de Estabilidad
Hutchinson and Diedrichs (1996)
 Ejercicio 5

Find the “Factor B” for the flat stope back assuming

the following critical joint sets (Factor B chart
repeated on next slide):
(dip/dip direction)
a) 0˚/167˚
b) 20˚/90˚
c) 20˚/180˚
d) 60˚/90˚
Factor B
 Ejercicio 6

Find the “Factor B” for the (east-west) hangingwall,

assuming the following critical joint sets :
(dip/dip direction)
a) 0˚/167˚
b) 80˚/180˚
c) 90˚/90˚
d) 70˚/0˚
e) 70˚/300˚

70˚
Calculo del Factor B
 Ejercicio 7

Find the “Factor C” for the (east-

west) hanging wall, footwall and
back of the stope, assuming the
following critical joint sets :

(dip/dip direction)
90˚/90˚
70˚/180˚
60˚/0˚

70˚
 Ejercicio 7
Factor C: Footwall
Hangingwall

Back
 Ejercicio 8

Assess the stability of a stope hangingwall and

stope back that have the following parameters:
Hangingwall Back
• Q’ 20 10
• Factor A 1 0.1
• Factor B 0.3 1
• Factor C 8 2
• Dimensions 90m x 60m 60m x 15m
 Gráfico de Estabilidad (Ejercicio 8)

Hanging wall

Back
 Ejercicio 9

Assess the stability of a flat stope back and a hanging wall

striking N-S with a dip of 80 ˚ towards the east, that have
the following parameters:
Stope Back
• Q’ = 4
• Induced stress = 65 MPa
• Comp. strength = 150 MPa
• Critical joint dip/dip direct. =
0˚/ 145 ˚
• Dimension 10m x 90m
Stope Hangingwall
• Q’ = 10
• Induced stress = 20 MPa
• Comp. Strength = 140 MPa
• Critical joint dip/dip direct:
80 ˚/270 ˚
• Dimension 90m x 90m
 Gráfico de Estabilidad (Ejercicio 9)

Hanging wall

Back
Densidad de cable bolting
 Ejercicio 12

Assess the stability of the proposed flat stope back, which will be 40m long by
30m wide and in the following rockmass conditions:
• RQD = 60
• Number of joint sets: 2 + random
• Joint surface: smooth, planar, unaltered
• UCS: 125 MPa
• Induced stress: 25 MPa
• UCS:125 MPa
• Critical joint: Flat dipping
Suggest a cable bolt pattern, if required
Ejercicio 12
Ejercicio 12
ELOS: Clark (1998)
 ELOS

Source: Clark and

Pakalnis (1997)
EJEMPLO: TAJEO LONGITUDINAL
 Caracterización geomecánica

• Un RMR = 45% equivale a Q’= 1.1. El factor A =1 indica relajamiento de las

cajas debido a la excavación. El factor B tiene un valor de 0.3, debido a que
las estructuras principales son paralelas a la caja techo y la diferencia en
buzamiento es aproximadamente cero. El factor C = 5 debido a que hay falla
gravitatoria.
EJEMPLO 2
RMR: 45-50
RETROANÁLISIS DE TAJEOS
ELOS
Parámetros de Diseño – Roca Regular
Parámetros de Diseño – Roca Mala
ANCHO DEL TAJEO:
SECUENCIA DE MINADO: