Siemens Generator Testing Procedures PDF

Turbogenerator Test program
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Description for the realization of final tests
The final inspection of a generator serves as proof of all requirements and quality provisions. For
that purpose the generator is on its complete operating condition.
For every 2 and 4-pole genrator the possibility exists to carry out a test run.
The methods of testing described here are a non-committal representation of the possible tests.
The actual examining extent is fixed according to the project specific inspection and test plan and
is part of the quality assurance.
The respective checking program can be completed by the module "customer participation".
document number X – scope of supply

Test program
M – surplus price
0. „production“ Fert00 X
1. „standard“ Stan00 X
2. „performance“ Perf00 X
3. „special“ Sond00 M
Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.
Power Generation PG P247 Doc.-No 48

(Werk Erfurt) Prep. Date Sheet
Appr. Date 1
Test program „production“ overview
Description
Tests conducted during manufacturing process are included in the generator price. These
tests are not described in this document. For details please refer to the Siemens ITP.
Including:
• Ultrasonic and surface inspection
• Balancing and overspeed test of the rotor with 120% nN for 2 min
• High voltage tests prior and after impregnation of the stator

Appr. Date 2
Test program „standard“ overview
description
No rotating tests
Applied for identical machines – (first machine gets a performance test)
Tests:
1.1 visual inspection of all parts
1.2 position of terminals, cooling equipment, any supplies (oil,water,air), junction boxes
1.3 check of nameplate-data
1.4 DC resistance measurement of windings
1.4.1 DC stator resistance Ra
1.4.2 DC rotor resistance Rf
1.5 winding insulation resistance measurements
1.5.1 generator stator and rotor
1.5.2 exciter stator and rotor (if existing)
1.5.3 slot resistance thermometer
1.6 high voltage tests
1.6.1 generator stator- and rotor winding
1.6.2 voltage test of the stator winding of exciter and pilot exciter (if existing)
1.6.3 voltage test of the slot resistance temperature detectors
1.7 dielectric dissipation factor tan δ of the stator winding
1.8 functional test of accesories and attachments
1.9 inverse current diagram for both diode rectifier groups (+ and -)
Test protocols of the repeated generators are available and can be deliverd upon request

Appr. Date 3
Test program „performance“ overview
description
Test program "STANDARD“ with additional rotating test
Test program:
2.1 test program "STANDARD TEST"
2.2 mechanical no load test at rated speed
2.2.1 vibration measurements at bearings and shaft
2.2.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE
2.2.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE
2.2.4 determination of the temperature rises of the windings
2.2.5 measurement of cold and warm air temperatures, determination of rise
2.2.6 determination of friction losses
2.2.7 overspeed test
2.2.8 test of bypass control by changing inlet temperature limit value
2.3 sustained short circuit test at rated speed and rated current
2.3.4 short-circuit characteristic up to nominal current
2.3.5 determination of temperature rises at nominal voltage
2.3.6 Determination of cold and warm air temperatures
2.3.7 determination of short-circuit losses at nominal current
2.3.8 tests at exciter machine
2.4 electrical no load test at rated voltage and rated speed

Appr. Date 4
2.4.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage
2.4.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage
2.4.4 no load saturation characteristic up to 130% of nominal voltage
2.4.5 determination of temperature rises at 110% of nominal voltage
2.4.6 Determination of cold and warm air temperatures at 110% nominal voltage
2.4.7 determination of iron losses at 100% of nominal voltage
2.4.8 measurement of shaft voltage
2.4.9 verification of phase sequence and terminal marking, comparison with dimensional drawing
2.4.10 voltage balance test
2.4.11 deviation factor of open circuit terminal voltage wave form
2.5 calculation from measurements
2.5.1 efficiency at 100, 75, 50 and 25%
2.5.2 short circuit ratio KC
2.5.3 nominal load temperature rise for stator and rotor winding (generator)
2.5.4 volumetric air flow calorimetrically by using standard cold and warm air temperature readings
2.5.5 voltage regulation
2.5.6 determination of Portier reactance
Test protocols of all tested generators are available and can be deliverd upon request

Appr. Date 5
Test program „special“ overview
description
Additional special tests required by the customer or from specifications like SHELL, API,
etc.
3.1 tests at no load and nominal speed
3.1.1 no-load retardation test, determination of acceleration time, stored energy constant and
moment of inertia
3.2 3pole sustained short cicuit test
3.2.1 over current test at 150% IN for 30 sec.
3.3 2pole sustained short circuit test
line-to-line sustained short circuit test, determination of negative sequence reactance and
3.3.1
resistance
3.4 test at nominal voltage and nominal speed
3.4.1 noise measurement at nominal voltage and nominal speed
3.4.2 harmonic analysis of line-to-line voltage and determination of THF (TIF)
3.4.3 harmonic analysis of line-to-neutral voltage and determination of THF (TIF)
3.4.4 field current decay test with the armature winding open-circuited and determination of T‘d0
3.5 tests at sudden three-phase short circuit
3.5.1 sudden three-phase short circuit and determination of characteristic reactances and time
constants, extropolated to 100%
3.6 pressure measurement to check cooling gas distribution
3.7 measurement of pressure drop over air filters
3.8 determination of the polarization index
3.9 magnetization test of the complete stator
Test protocols of all tested generators are available and can be deliverd upon request
Further tests are possible if requested

Appr. Date 6
Details test program „standard“ back
1.1 visual inspection of all parts
1.2 position of terminals, cooling equipment, any supplies (oil,water,air), junction boxes
The comparison of the position of terminals, cooling equipment, junction boxes and any
supplies with the dimension drawing is carried out during the assembly. The values are
recorded in the manufactoring test report.
1.3 check of nameplate-data

The nameplate-data is checked of correspondance and completeness. Nameplates
preferably are mounted on the casing at places where they can be read easily.
Fundamental structure of a nameplate according to DIN VDE 0530 part 1 in comparison
with a practical example
1.4 DC resistance measurement of windings

according to IEC 34-4 (15; 57)
The measurement of the direct-current resistance of the winding is conducted by a

Thomson precision measuring bridge.(double bridge)
By equalizing the bridge with rheostats the searched resistance is determined. The value is
taken out when the galvanometer displays zero. The measurement is conducted when the
winding finds itself in thermal equilibrium and the winding temperature is measured.

Appr. Date 7
DC stator resistance Ra
Measured is every phase, the star point is opened.
DC rotor resistance Rf
The resistance is measured on the slip-rings or for generators having a exciter machine
on the connecting bars between exciter rotor and generator rotor. The resistance is
converted to 20°C.

Appr. Date 8
1.5 winding insulation resistance measurements

according to IEEE 115, 3.1.
The winding insulation resistance depends on the insulation material, the level of the test
voltage and the temperature. The measurement is carried out at d.c.voltage before every
voltage test. It is done again for check after the voltage test.
generator stator:
measured is every pair of terminals by turns phase to phase and ground at 5000V
generator rotor:
at 2500V or 5000V depending on the test voltage
slot thermometer:
measured are the slot thermometer to ground at 2500V
exciter stator winding:
at 1000V
exciter rotor winding:
is tested together with the generator rotor, diodes have to be short-circuited
generator heating:
at 1000V
additional components:
at 500Vor 1000V
Measuring instrument is an insulation resistance tester. The values are carried out when all
transient behaviours are weared off or after one minute. The test is stood when the defined
minimum insulation resistance is kept. For normal environment conditions the insulation
resistance of stator and rotor winding is > 1000MΩ.
Equivalent circuit diagram of a winding insulation on principle

Appr. Date 9
1.6 High voltage tests

according to IEC 34-1 (8) 8.2
The voltage tests are performed as direct as possible after a test run otherwise on principle
before the shipment with sinusoidal test voltage at system frequency.
voltage test of the terminals

according to DIN 0530 part 1
The voltage test of the terminals is conducted with 1,5 times the test voltage for winding
tests for 1 minute.
If any flashover or blowout is not arising the test is stood.
The test of the terminals is realized as a type test before connecting the winding to the
embedded terminals or to special terminals of the same type.
quantity of the test voltages

extract from DIN 530 part 1/ IEC 34-1 (17)
1 Insulated windings of rotating machines of 500 V+twice the rated voltage

size less than
1 kW and of rated voltage less than 100V
2 Insulated windings of rotating machines of 1000 V + twice the rated voltage with a
size less than 10 000 kW minimum of 1500
3 Insulated windings or rotating machines of

size less then 10 000 kW or more.
Rated voltage:
Up to 24 000 V 1000 V + twice the rated voltage
Above 24 000 V subject to agreement between
manufacturer and purchaser
4 Seperatly-excited field windings of 1000 V +twice the maximum rated circuit

direct-current machines voltage with a minimun of 1500 V
5 Field windings of synchronous generators

Rated exciter voltage
Up to 500 V 10 times the rated field voltage with a
minimum of 1500 V
Above 500 V 4000 V + twice the rated field voltage

Appr. Date 10
1.6.1 generator stator and rotor winding
voltage test of the generator stator

For nominal voltage less than 24kV the test voltage is determined by 2Un +1000V
Every phase winding is tested separately against earth and the other phase windings. The
voltage is increased continuously from zero up to the rated value. The total test voltage has
to stay at least for one minute.
Core and not tested windings are connected
Stator winding is grounded and if necessary short circuited
RTD and other sensors are short circuited are grounded
(Also see table point 3)
voltage test of the generator rotor

Up to an exciter voltage UfN of 500V the test voltage is determined by:
10 UfN at least 1500V
Tested is winding to ground. The total test voltage has to stay one minute.
For generators with exciter machine the rotor of the exciter machine is tested together with
the generator rotor. Therefore the diodes have to be short-circuited.
(Also see table point 5a)
1.6.2 voltage test of the stator winding of exciter and pilot exciter
The test voltage amounts 1500 V. (table point 2) It has to last for 1 min.
Therfore the rotor is grounded.
For three-phase a.c. winding the voltage test is carried out by phase if possible.
1.6.3 voltage test of the slot resistance temperature detectors

The test voltage amounts: 1500V
The voltage is increased continiously from zero to the total test voltage. The total test
voltage has to stay for one minute. Tested are the RTD short-circuited with each other or if
necessary every single one. For that purpose the windings have to be connected with each
other and with the core.

Appr. Date 11
1.7 dielectric dissipation factor tan δ of the stator winding

according to EN 50209 PV 0010.2-0403 (Siemens)
The dissipation factor is the relation of ohmic currents to capacitive currents of the winding
insulation. It is measured by a self-balancing Shering measuring bridge at ambient
temperature. Each tested winding is connected to CX the other not tested windings are
grounded.The reference capacitor CN amounts 1000 pF.
The dissipation factor is measured at voltages of 0.1 to 1 UN in steps of 0.1 UN and then up
to 1.4 UN in steps of 0.2 UN.
Shering measuring bridge on principle
1.8 functional test of accesories and attachments

Following attachments are tested:
bearing resistance thermometer

measurement of insulation
cold and warm gas resistance thermometer Resistances and ohmic resistances
anticondensation heating of exciter machine measurement of resistances,

anticondensation heating of generator heating test
functional test by bridging the

leakage water detectors contacts with water
additional attachments (e.g. flux probe, slotcoupler…)

Appr. Date 12
1.9 inverse current diagram for both diode rectifier groups (+ and -)
internal test
The reverse characteristic of the single diodes is tested. For that purpose the voltage is
turned from zero up to 1000 V maximum in steps of 200 V. The appropriated reverse
current is drawn out.
The single groups of diodes are compared with each other.

Appr. Date 13
Details test program „performance“ back
2.1 test program „standard test“
assembly:
generator is adjusted to the calibrated motor by an axial moveable cardan shaft
bearing clearance and electrical center are focussed
afterwards the cardan shaft is arrested
for compact excitation
for static excitation

Appr. Date 14
2.2 mechanical no load test at rated speed

assembly:
generator is assembled ready for operation
stator winding is short-circuited on both sides
acquisition of stator currents by calibrated voltage transformer, e.g. 6000A:1A
installation of precision measuring shunt for the measurement of the exciter current
connection and inspection of original measuring sensors
slot resistance temperature detectors
bearing temperature detectors
cold and warm gas temperature detectors
attaching of additional sensors
additional temperature detectors for areas of cold and warm gas
additional temperature detectors for oil feeder and return lines
vibration sensors
During the mechanical no load test the brushes of static excited generators have to fit so
that the friction losses of the brushes are taken into account.
electrical diagrams:
excitation by an exciter machine excitation by slip rings

Appr. Date 15

according to ISO 9719 + ISO 10816 , VDI 2056, PV 11- 004 internal standard
Five vibration detectors at each bearing

Measuring point 1 for vertical vibrations
Measuring point 2 for horizontal vibrations
Measuring point 3 for axial vibrations
Two measuring points for the relative shaft vibrations in an angle of 45° to the
horizontal
measuring
point
45° 45° amplifier
detector for relative

shaftvibrations inside of
the bearing
The measurement is conducted at rated speed. With the help of special software the
values of the different test runs are recorded and it is tested whether they keep to the
internal or customer specific limits. After finishing the test runs the bearings are inspected
again.

according to IEC 34-1 (7.5; 7.6)
Measured are the temperature of the oil inflow and the return circuit of every bearing by Pt
100 resistance temperature detectors. If necessary thee oil lines are thermal insulated to
avoid incorrect measurements.
The difference in temperature is base of calculation of the bearing losses.

according to IEC 34-1 (7.9)
Determination of the bearing temperatures by resistance temperature detectors Pt 100.
difference of temperature inside of bearings:

Inside the plain bearing the shaft floats in direction of the rotation. At this point the lubricant
gets more pressure. The originated friction is cause of a possible temperature difference
inside the bearing.

Appr. Date 16
The temperature difference should not exceed 15K.

The viscosity of the lubricant and the utilization factor of the bearing have a formative
influence to this process.
2.2.4 determination of the temperature rises of the windings

according to IEC 34.1 (7.5 ;7.6)
stator:
The winding temperature is measured by at least six embedded temperature detectors
(ETD), distributed evenly to the three phases. The ETD is Pt 100 resistance temperature
detectors. Depending on their lengh they take out the average value of the slot
temperature. The temperature rise is calculated by deducting the cold gas temperature
from each determined value.
rotor:
The determination of the rotor temperature is conducted by the resistance method. Only for
that pupose the generator is run at 10% of its nominal excitation for a special time during
the electrical no load test.Voltage and current are measured. The calculated resistance is
related to the cold resistance R20 before the test run.The temperature rise can be
determined by the following formula:
R1 − R 2
δ2 − δa = ( k + δ1 ) + δ1 − δ a
R1
with:

Appr. Date 17
δ2 −δa overtemperature
δ2 winding temperature at the end of the test in °C
δ1 coolant temperature at the end of the test in °C
δa temperature of the cold winding at the beginning of the measurement in °C
R2 winding resistance at the end of the test
R1 winding resistance at the temperature of δ1

reciprocal of the resistance temperature coefficient at 0°C
k k=235 for copper
2.2.5 measurement of cold and warm air temperatures, determination of rise

according to IEC 34.1 (7.5 ;7.6)
The measurement of the cold and warm air temperatures is conducted by Pt 100
resistance temperature detectors at every gas area. For better results additional
temperature detectors are attached.
2.2.6 determination of friction losses

according to IEC 34-2 (4.4; 13)
The recording of the losses starts, when the generator and all its components are in
condition of thermal equilibrium.
According to the named standard is a generator in condition of thermal equilibrium, if the
change of temperature at different parts of the machine amounts less than 2 K per hour
(according to DIN VDE 0530 part 1).
Determined are the total mechanical losses of the generator.

Appr. Date 18
These consist of:

alll friction losses, including those of the exciter machine
bearing losses
friction losses of the brushes and sealing systems
To determine the bearing losses separately, the following measurements are done:
oil flow per time
oil inflow temperature
oil return temperature
bearing losses
The bearing losses depend on temperature and viscosity of the lubricant (oil) and on the
utilisation factor of the bearing.
They can be determined the following way:
PV = ∆ϑ ⋅ c p ⋅ ρ ⋅ Q
with:
∆ϑ difference between return circuit and inflow temperature in K
cp specific thermal capacity of oil under constant pressur

ρ density of oil at special temperature
Q oil flow rate
2.2.7 overspeed test

according to IEC 34.3 (11)
For the overspeed test turbo-generators are driven at 1,2 times rated speed for two
minutes.
This is realized at the overspeed and balancing test pit for flexurally elastic rotors. (for us
mostly two-pole TLRI).Tested is the single rotor.
For flexurally stiff rotors (for us mostly four-pole TLII) the test is carried out at the test
station with generator completed.
The overspeed test is stood, if no lasting deformation or other defects are arising which
disturb the normal operation of the machine and if the adjacent winding insulation test of
the rotor winding is passed.
(also have a look at DIN 530 part 1)

Appr. Date 19
quantity of the overspeed

according to DIN 0530 part l/ IEC 34-1 (21) extract
Machine type Overspeed requirement
1 Alternating current machines 1.2 times the maximum rated speed

All machines other than those specifie
below.
1a) Water turbine driven generators, any Unless otherwise specified, the runaway speed of the set
auxiliary machines connected directly but not less than 1.2 times the maximum rated speed.
(electrically or mechanically) to the
main machine.
1b) Machines which may under certain The specified runaway speed of the set, but not less
circumstances driven by the load. than 1.2 times the maximum rated speed.
1c) Series and universal motors 1.1 times the no-load speed at rated voltage. For motors
integrally attached to loads that cannot become
accidentally disconnected, the word "no-load speed"
shall be interpreted to mean the lightest load condition
possible with the load.
2.2.8 test of bypass control by changing inlet temperature limit value

For generators with direct air cooling (DAC-unit) the inlet air is sucked in from outside.The
bypass flaps are important for cold gas temperatures below the operating point. When the
bypass flaps are opened, the generator uses the warm exhaust air again as inlet air.
The limited reference value for automatical control of by-pass flaps of the direct air cooled
unit (DAC) is about 5°C. By increasing of the reference value through the inlet air
temperature can be tested whether the bypass flaps open properly and the exhaust flaps of
the warm air close accordingly.
2.3 sustained short circuit test at rated speed and rated current
assembly:
generator is assambled ready for operation
stator winding is short-circuited on both sides
exciter current is adjusted for nominal stator current
current acquisition by current transformer e.g. 8000A:1A

Appr. Date 20
slot temperature detectors

vibration sensors

according to: ISO 9719 + ISO 10816 , VDI 2056, PV 11- 004 internal standard

horizontal

Appr. Date 21
measuring
point
45° 45° amplifier
detector for relative shaft

vibrations inside of the
bearing
again.



inside the bearing.

Appr. Date 22
2.3.4 short-circuit characteristic up to nominal current

When plotting the characteristic for the three-phase sustained short circuit test Ik=f(If) also
the short circuit losses depending on the stator current are determined.The test is
conducted at nominal speed. The recording of the characteristics starts at 105% of the
rated stator current. While the current is decreased to the residual value several
measurements are taken out. The short-circuit characteristic is caused by the linear
coherence of exciter current to stator current a straight line.
The short-circuit losses are shown in the test report for the four load-points 25%,50%,75%
and 100% of rated current.
2.3.5 determination of temperature rises at nominal voltage

During the sustained short-circuit test the generator is driven with nominal voltage to its
thermal equilibrium.Then the winding temperatures are determined as follows:
stator:
By at least six embedded temperature detectors (ETD), which are put up to places where
the highest temperatures are expected, the temperature of the winding is determined. For
that purpose the highest measured value is taken out. The ETDs are Pt 100 resistance
temperature detectors.

Appr. Date 23
rotor:
The determination of the rotor winding temperature is conducted by the resistance method.
Measured are current and voltage. The calculated resistance is set in relation to the
resistance of the cold winding before the run. The temperature rise is determined as
follows:
R1 − R 2
δ2 − δa = ( k + δ1 ) + δ1 − δ a
R1
with:
δ2 −δa temperature rise
δ1 winding temperature at the moment of the initial resistance measurement in °C
δa temperature of the coolant at the end of the test in °C
R2 resistance of the winding at the end of the test
R1 resistance of the winding at the temperature of δ1

k k=235 for copper
2.3.6 Determination of cold and warm air temperatures

Temperature measurements are taken with the inbuilt temperature detectors. Depending
on the generator design, additional temperature detectors will be installed (e.g. air-
temperature measurement in exciter compartment).
2.3.7 determination of short-circuit losses at nominal current

according to IEC 34-2 (4.4, 13)
The short circuit losses are determined from the losses of the three phase sustained short
circuit test deducting all friction losses from the mechanical no load test and all losses
corresponding to the type of excitation from the following formula. The losses of the exciter
device according to DIN 57530 part 2 only have to be taken into account for exciter
mechanically driven from the main shaft und solely used for exciting the generator.
PV , K = PV − PV , R − PV , Err − PV , RG for compact excitation
PV , K = PV − PV , R − PV ,Ü for excitation by slip rings
with :
PV,K short circuit losses

Appr. Date 24
PV all losses measured during the test run

PV,R friction losses
PV,Ü current transfer losses of the slip rings
PV,Err excitation losses of the rotor
PV,RG losses of the exciter machine
2.3.8 tests at exciter machine
dc-resistance of the stator winding

The measurement of the direct-current resistance Ra of the stator winding is conducted by
a Thomson precision measuring bridge. (double bridge) By equalizing the bridge with
rheostats the searched resistance is determined. The value is taken out when the
galvanometer displays zero.
dc-resistance of the quadrature coil

The measurement of the direct-current resistance of the quadrature coil is conducted by a
Thomson precision measuring bridge.(double bridge)By equalizing the bridge with
rheostats the searched resistance is determined. The value is taken out when the
galvanometer displays zero.
quadrature coil Vq = F(If)

The quadrature coil serves to measure the exciter current which is realeased by the exciter
machine to the generator. Plotted is the voltage over a 1000 Ω measuring resistor in the
circuit of the quadrature coil versus the exciter field current. The exciter current is
increased from zero to the rated value and measurements are carried out in steps of 100A.
The function is linear.

Appr. Date 25
dc voltage-time-diagram
The recording of the characteristic of the exciter voltage is possible through the ground-
fault detection. By means of the oscillated voltage the diodes are tested of their
functionality.
exciter stator voltage and exciter stator current for Ifk for IN
Stator current and stator voltage of the exciter machine are measured during all three test
runs, mechanical no-load test, three-phase sustained short circuit test and electrical no-
load test. The values determined from the short-circuit test and the electrical no-load test
are used to adjust the vee characteristic of the control unit for the later operation at the
power plant. They also serve for functional inspection (e.g. of the diodes) and for the
determination of the winding temperature.
diagram of stator current versus exciter field current

According to the standard the generators characteristic is determined as the relation
between field current and stator current of the generator. This is possible for all generators
at the test stand by installing the measuring shunt between exciter machine and rotor. If the
diagram of stator current versus exciter field current is important to know for the operation
of the generator at ist later placing this characteristic also is drawn out.
overtemperature stator winding

The recording of the overtemperature of the stator winding is a special measurement. For
that purpose additional Pt 100 slot resistance temperature detectors are installed in the
stator and for the measurement of the cold gas temperature.
cold air and warm air temperatures

The determination of the cold and warm air temperature of the exciter machine is a special
measurement. Only for the test run Pt 100 resistance temperature detectors are installed.
The test serves as control of the warming of the exciter machine cooling air.
exciter volumetric air flow

The determination of the volumetric air flow of the exciter machine is conducted at a well
get-at-able point of nearly laminar flow. Several values of the flow velocity are carried out
along a grid by a windmill-type anemometer. The average is calculated from the different
measured values. The appropriate volumetric air flow is calculated by the following formula:

Appr. Date 26
V& = A ⋅ v ⋅ 3600
with:
Volumetric air flow in m3/h
V&
average flow velocity in m/s
v
flow cross-sectional area in m2
A
2.4 electrical no load test at rated voltage and rated speed

assembly:
generator is assambled ready for operation
star point is installed in the stator according to the standart, the beginnings of the
windings are open
calibrated voltage transformer are connected to the beginnings of the windings to
measure
the no-load voltage
slot temperature detectors

vibration sensors

Appr. Date 27

according to: ISO 9719 + ISO 10816 , VDI 2056, PV 11- 004 internal standard

horizontal
measuring
point
45° 45° amplifier
detector for relative shaft

vibration inside of the
bearing
again.

Appr. Date 28
2.4.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage

2.4.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage


inside the bearing.
2.4.4 no load saturation characteristic up to 130% of nominal voltage

While recording the no load saturation characteristic IL=f(If) also the losses are taken out.
To plot the no load characteristic the generator is driven on electrical no load at rated

Appr. Date 29
speed up to 130% of rated armature voltage. By reduction of the exciter current the voltage
is decreased continously to the residual value. The no load characteristic results by plotting
the armature open-circuit winding voltage versus the excitation current. It can be devided
into three segments: a straight part, the so called air gap line, a transitional zone and the
saturated part.
If, due to high residual voltage, the no-load characteristic cuts the axis above the origin, a
correction is introduced. To determine this, the straight portion of the no-load curve, which
is called the air-gap line, is projected to the point of intersection with the abscissa axis. The
length on the abscissa axis cut by this projected curve represents the correction value
which is added to all the measured values of the excitation current.
The no load losses at nominal voltage are shown in the documentation.
2.4.5 determination of temperature rises at 110% of nominal voltage

During the electrical no-load test the generator is driven with 110% of the rated voltage.
When it is at thermal equilibrium* the winding temperatures are determined as follows:
stator:
The temperature of the winding is determined by at least six embedded temperature
detectors (ETD). The ETD is Pt 100 resistance temperature detectors. The temperature
rise is calculated by deducting the cold gas temperature from each determined value.
rotor:
The determination of the rotor winding temperature is conducted by the resistance method.
Measured are current and voltage. The calculated resistance is set in relation to the
resistance of the cold winding before the run. The temperature rise is determined as
follows:
R1 − R 2
δ2 − δa = ( k + δ1 ) + δ1 − δ a
R1
with:
δ2 −δa temperature rise
δ1 winding temperature at the moment of the initial resistance measurement in °C
δa temperature of the coolant at the end of the test in °C
R2 resistance of the winding at the end of the test
R1 resistance of the winding at the temperature δ1

k k=235 for copper

Appr. Date 30
*According to the named standard is a generator in condition of thermal equilibrium, if the

2.4.6 Determination of cold and warm air temperatures at 110% nominal voltage
Temperature measurements are taken with the inbuilt temperature detectors. Depending
on the generator design, additional temperature detectors will be installed (e.g. air-
temperature measurement in exciter compartment).
2.4.7 determination of iron losses at 100% of nominal voltage

according to IEC 34-2 (4.4, 13)
To determine the iron losses, the generator is driven with nominal voltage to ist thermal
equilibrium.The losses of the exciter device according to DIN 57530 part 2 only have to be
taken into account for exciter mechanically driven from the main shaft und solely used for
exciting the generator.
The core losses are determined by the following formulas:
PV , Fe = PV − PV , R − PV , Err − PV , RG for compact excitation
PV , Fe = PV − PV , R − PV ,Ü for excitation by slip rings
with :
PV,Fe iron losses
2.4.8 measurement of shaft voltage

according to IEE 115
Reason for the shaft voltage are asymmetries of the magnetic circle e.g. because of
asymmetrical bedding of the rotor in the air gap or asymmetries of the armature winding.
The voltage induced inside of the shaft is measured before each bearing by wipers and a
digital voltmeter. For the measurement the generator is driven on electrical no load at
nominal voltage and nominal speed. During the measurement the earth brushes have to be

Appr. Date 31
lifted.
The shaft voltage may amount some mV up to 40V. Its quantity is caused by construction
and can be different for every machine.
2.4.9 verification of phase sequence and terminal marking, comparison with dimensional
drawing
During the electrical no-load test the phase sequence of the armature voltage is tested and
compared with the standard. It also has to be tested whether the stamped match-marking
on the terminals is right.
2.4.1 voltage balance test

0 according to IEEE 115
To test the voltage balance measurements of all three phases to each other are taken at
nominal voltage and nominal speed during the no-load test.
2.4.1 deviation factor of open circuit terminal voltage wave form

1 according to IEEE 115, 3.12.5; DIN 530 part 1
At rated speed and rated voltage the terminal voltage of the generator is oscillated and
tested by its harmonic content.
The voltage curve is considered to be sinusoidal, if the instantaneous value of the same
phase differs from the fundamental wave more than 5% of the peak value of the
fundamental wave. The voltage is tested at the terminals. The peak value is determined as
follows:
a0 + 3 ⋅ a1 + a2
S=
3
with:
S peak value of the fundamental wave
a0, a1, a2 instantaneous value of the oscillated voltage after 30°, 60° and 90°
g instantaneous value of the fundamental wave of the voltage after 30°, 50° and 90°

Appr. Date 32
2.5 calculation from measurements
2.5.1 efficiency at 100, 75, 50 and 25%

according to IEC 34-2 (10, 11)
When the generator is driven by a calibrated motor at rated conditions of speed, voltage
and current, the efficiency is taken as the ratio of output to input.
Poutput P
η= ⋅ 100% = ⋅ 100%
Pinput P + ∑ PV
Used is the method of single losses (prefered method). As important fact the machine has
to be at thermal equilibrium.

The efficiency is calculated from the sum of the following losses

friction losses
iron losses
short-circuit losses
field I2R-losses
electrical losses of excitation
brush contact losses
For load points of 25%, 50%, 75% und 100% of IN the efficiency values are shown in the
documentation.
friction losses PV,R

Friction losses are constant under rated speed. They are determined during the
mechanical no load test and they consist of:
bearing friction losses
air friction losses
The friction losses of the air are calculated from the sum of the friction losses determined
during the test run minus the bearing losses. For compact excitation the friction losses of
exciter machine are included.

Appr. Date 33
bearing losses
The bearing losses depend on temperature and viscosity of the lubricant (oil) and on the
utilisation factor of the bearing.
They can be determined the following way: PV = ∆ϑ ⋅ c p ⋅ ρ ⋅ Q
with:

Q oil flow rate
field I2R-losses PV,Err

The losses of the exciter circuit are determined as follows:
PV , Err = 1,21⋅ I 2f ⋅ R20 ⋅10−3

with:
R20... resistance of the exciter winding at reference temperature
I... exciter current at a special load-point measured under load
brush contact losses PV,Ü

The sum of the brush contact losses is calculated by the following formula:
PV ,Ü = U ⋅ I f
with:
U... fixed voltage drop allowed for all brushes of each polarity
U=1V for carbon-graphite brushes
U=0,3V for metal-carbon brushes
If.... exciter current
electrical losses of excitation PV,LE

For exciter mechanically driven from the main shaft und solely used for exciting the
generator:
These losses include the difference between the power absorbed at the shaft of the exciter
and the useful power which it provides at the terminals of the exciter.

Appr. Date 34
The losses of the exciter machine have been determined in type test.
short-circuit losses PV,K

The short circuit losses are determined from the losses of the three phase sustained short
circuit test deducting all friction losses from the mechanical no load test and all losses
corresponding to the type of excitation from the following formula. The losses of the exciter
device according to DIN 57530 part 2 only have to be taken into account for exciter
mechanically driven from the main shaft und solely used for exciting the generator.
PV , K = PV − PV , R − PV , Err − PV , RG for compact excitation
PV , K = PV − PV , R − PV ,Ü for excitation by slip rings
with :
PV,K short circuit losses
iron losses PV,Fe

The iron losses are determined from the losses of the no load test deducting all friction
losses from the mechanical no load test and all losses corresponding to the type of
excitation from the following formula. The losses of the exciter device according to DIN
57530 part 2 only have to be taken into account for exciter mechanically driven from the
main shaft und solely used for exciting the generator.
The core losses are determined by the following formulas.
PV , Fe = PV − PV , R − PV , Err − PV , RG for compact excitation
PV , Fe = PV − PV , R − PV ,Ü for excitation by slip rings
with:
PV,Fe iron losses

Appr. Date 35

2.5.2 short circuit ratio KC

according to IEC 34-4(5, 27.1)
The short circuit ratio KC is determined from the electrical no load test and the short circuit
test. It is the relation of the field current for rated armature voltage on open-circuit to the
field current for rated armature current on sustained symmetrical short-circuit. These
values are taken from the no load characteristic and the short circuit characteristic.
I f ,0
KC =
I f ,K
2.5.3 nominal load temperature rise for stator and rotor winding (generator)
nominal load temperature rise for stator winding
according to IEC 34-1(7.10) ; ANSI C50.13(6)
With at least six embedded temperature detectors the temperature rise of the armature
winding is determined for mechanical no load -, electrical no load - and sustained three
phase short circuit test. By superposition of these temperature rises the temperature rise
for the nominal load can be calculated. Since the friction part is included in both short-
circuit run and electrical no load run the following formula is used:
υ O Stator = υ O SC + υ O NL −υÜ mech. NL

with:
υ O SC overtemperature from sustained three phase short circuit tes
υ O NL overtemperature from electrical no load test
υ O mech. NL overtemperature from mechanivcal no load test
The friction part is included in both short cicuit test and electrical no load test.
nominal load temperature rise for rotor winding

according to IEC 34-1(7.10) ; ANSI C50.13(6)
The nominal load temperature rise for the rotor winding is determined grafically. From the
three test runs the temperature rise is taken versus the exciter current or the exciter losses

Appr. Date 36
respectively. Since the generator is driven to ist thermal equilibrium these three points lay
on one graph (graph2). The point of intersection with the graph showing behaviour at
nominal exciter current (graph1) results in the nominal temperature rise.
graph1: behaviour of the rotor resistance at nominal exciter current

graph2: behaviour of the rotor resistance at different current values of the different test
runs
P1: on mechanical no load
P2: on sustained three phase short circuit
P3: on electrical no load
180
170
temperature
160
rise ∆ϑ in K
150
140
130
120
110
100 graph 1
90
80
graph 2
70
60
50 ϑÜ= 58 K
40
30
P2
20 exciter losses in kW
10
P1 P3
0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200 3600 4000
Example of a graphical determination of the temperature rise for the rotor

winding
2.5.4 volumetric air flow calorimetrically by using standard cold and warm air temperature

Appr. Date 37
readings
according to IEC 34-2 (17)
From the friction losses of the mechanical no load and under knowledge of thermal
capacity and density of the air, the volumetric air flow is determinable by the air
temperature. Measured are cold gas temperature and warm gas temperature. For the
measurement the standard Pt 100 resistance temperature detectors are used. The
volumetric air flow is determined by the following formula:
PV
Q=
∆ϑ ⋅ c p ⋅ ρ
with:

Q oil flow rate
alternative:
volumetric air flow by multi-point velocity measurement
The determination of the volumetric air flow is conducted by a windmill-type anemometer.

The measurement only serves for an internal check. Because of turbulent flows which
mainly occure many single values of the flow velocity are carried out along a grid area and
the average of them is calculated. The volumetric air flow is determined by the following
formula:
V& = A ⋅ v ⋅ 3600
with:
V& Volumetric air flow in m3/h
v average flow velocity in m/s
A flow cross-sectional area in m2
volumetric air flow by multi-point temperature measurement

If the determination of the air flow by velocity measurement is not possible the volumetric

Appr. Date 38
air flow can also be determined by multi-point temperature measurement from the friction
losses measured in the mechanical no-load test and with the knowledge of the thermal
capacity. For a better exactness additional temperature detectors (Pt 100) are used, and
the average is taken for calculation. The air flow is calculated following way:
PV
Q=
∆ϑ ⋅ c p ⋅ ρ
with:
∆ϑ difference between inlet cold gas and outlet warm gas temperature in K

Q volumetric air flow
2.5.5 voltage regulation

Voltage regulation is the change in the terminal voltage when rated operation is replaced
by no-load operation with the armature open-circuited and with unchanged speed and
excitation current. The no load characteristic recorded until 130% of rated voltage is mostly
not enough to determine the value U0, therefore the continuing graph is extrapolated.
The voltage regulation is calculated as following: U 0 − U N
U0 −U N
resp. proportional: ⋅100%
UN
2.5.6 determination of Portier reactance

The determination of the Portier reactance is only realized for typ tests.
The Potier reactance is an equivalent reactance. It is used instead of the armature leakage
reactance for the calculation of the on-load excitation current by the Potier-method. It is
larger than the armature leakage reactance and considers the additional leakage flux of the
field winding on-load and at overexitation.
The Potier reactance is determined graphically. Therefore the no-load and three-phase
sustained short-circuit characteristics are plotted on a diagram as well as a point (If,UN) at
rated voltage, rated armature current and zero power-factor cosφ=0 at overexitation. The
graphical determination is carried out according to IEC 34-4 (30).

Appr. Date 39
Details test program „special“ back
3.1 tests at no load and nominal speed
3.1.1 no-load retardation test, determination of acceleration time, stored energy constant
and moment of inertia
according to IEC 34-4 (22,66,67)
For the retardation test the machine is driven at rated speed, excited to the rated voltage
and the losses are recorded. Then the generator is brought up to overspeed. At 120% of
the rated speed the driving motor is cut off. The excitation stays constant, motor and
generator slowdown together. For the determination of the time constants the retardation
time ∆t between two pre-determined speeds , say from 1,1 to 0,9 or 1,05 to 0,95 per unit is
measured, because the characteristic in this region also for compact excitation is linear.
The mass moment of inertia of the driving motor is constant and can be subtracted.
ω N ∆t Pmech + PFe
inertia constant: H = ⋅
2 ∆ω SN
∆t Pmech + PFe
acceleration constant: τ J = ωN ⋅
∆ω PN
PV ⋅ ∆t
ΣJ = J Gen. + J Mot . =
∆ω 2
mass moment of inertia:
PV ⋅ ∆t
J Gen. = − J Mot .
∆ω 2
with:
τJ acceleration constant
H inertia constant
J mass moment of inertia
Pmech friction losses at rated speed
PN rated active power
SN rated apparent power
ωN rated angular speed

Appr. Date 40
PFe core losses at rated speed and the appropriate value of the terminal voltage
3.2 3pole sustained short cicuit test
3.2.1 over current test at 150% IN for 30 sec.
3.3 2pole sustained short circuit test
3.3.1 line-to-line sustained short circuit test, determination of negative sequence

reactance and resistance
according to 34-4 (48,49)
generator is driven by a calibrated motor at nominal speed

machine is short-circuited through two terminals
measured is:
Ik2...current in the short-circuit
U... voltage between short circuit and the open terminal
P... active power and
Q... reactive power formed by voltage and current above-mentioned
The measurement is conducted at different values of the short circuit current. For the
prevention of an overheating of the units, the duration of the test with currents over 0.3 of
nominal current shall be limited to the time required to carry out the values.
U2 Q2 1
negative sequence resistance: R 2 = ⋅ 2 ⋅
Q P +Q 2
3
U2 P2 1
negative sequence reactance: X 2 = ⋅ 2 ⋅
P P +Q 2
3
3.4 tests at nominal voltage and nominal speed
3.4.1 noise measurement at nominal voltage and nominal speed

according to ISO 3740; DIN 45635 part 10
The generator is assembled adequate to its intented purpose ready for operation and is
driven on electrical no load at nominal voltage and nominal speed. Values are scanned on
special enveloping planes in a distance of 1m all around the generator with a calibrated

Appr. Date 41
noise measuring device by Brüel&Kjær. The values drawn out are shown in a diagram
after a frequency analysis, where they were separated by their band width. Then they are
evaluated to rule. The resulting noise level is declared in dB (A).
As condition for the measurement the visinity noise level has to be 3db less than the
measured noise level. Then can be proceeded on the assumption of a operation excluding
additional noises and reflections.
Notice:
Caused by the assembly of the test field the measured noise values are higher than in the
plant. Therefore the measurement at the power plant is more correct.
3.4.2 harmonic analysis of line-to-line voltage and determination of THF (TIF)

according to IEC 34 (THF) ; ANSI C50.13 (TIF)
Both factors serve to limit the telefon interference factor.
telefon harmonic factor (THF):

Weighted are all harmonics up to 5 kHz according to the weighting curve. Afterwards the
squared values of the weighted harmonics are added up.
1
THF(%) = ( U H 01 ⋅ λ H 01 ) 2 + ( U H 02 ⋅ λ H 02 ) 2 + .... + ( U Hn ⋅ λ Hn ) 2 ⋅100
U
with:
U r.m.s. value of the line-to-line terminal voltage of the machine
Uhn r.m.s. value of the n-th harmonic of the line-to-line terminal voltage
λ Hn weighting factor for frequency corresponding to the nth harmonic
telefon influence factor(TIF):
U TIF U TIF
TIF =
U rms
U TIF = ∑ (T Hn ⋅ U Hn ) 2 Re sidual TIF =
3 ⋅ U rms
with:
UTIF weighted effective value
Urms effective value of the voltage
Uhn effective value of the harmonic
THn weighting facto

Appr. Date 42
When testet on open-circuit and at rated speed and voltage, the THF shall not exceed the
following values:
rated output limit
in kVA of THF
300 <PN <1000 5%
1000 <PN <5000 3%
5000 <PN 1,5%
The limit of the resiual component is 50 for machines of 20 to 100 MVA.
3.4.3 harmonic analysis of line-to-neutral voltage and determination of THF (TIF)

according to IEC 34 (THF); ANSI C50.13 (TIF)
(look above)
3.4.4 field current decay test with the armature winding open-circuited and determination
of T‘d0
according to IEC 34-4 (58,59)
The field current decay test mostly is conducted after the electrical no load test and only
for type tests. Under rated conditions of speed and armature voltage the rotor winding is
suddenly short-circuited. Exciter current and armature voltage are carried out together with
the temperature of the exciter winding.
The direct-axis open-circuit time constant is the time within the voltage decreases to 1/e of
its initial value.
For this test safety measures are installed to protect the exciter winding.
3.5 tests at sudden three-phase short circuit
3.5.1 sudden three-phase short circuit and determination of characteristic reactances and
time constants, extrapolated to 100%
According to IEC 34-1 (8.7) / IEC 34-4 (40,41) / DIN 530 part 3/4
These tests are realized for type tests only.

The sudden three-phase short circuit serves for the determination of the characteristics
and for the certification of the short-circuit proof of the synchronous turbogenerator. It is
carried out at rated speed with 30%, 50% and 70% of the rated voltage.
The test is stood, if the machine is found as operational after the test without any repair or
only after insignificant repairs on the stator winding and if it stands a voltage test with 80%
of the test voltage for a new machine according to DIN 530 part 1.

Appr. Date 43
To determine the machine quantities, oscillograms are taken of the three armature
currents and the exciter current on sudden three-phase short-circuit assuming from one
no-load voltage U(0).The change with time of aperiodic and periodic armature current
components in each phase is determined from the oscillograms as an algebraic half-sum
and algebraic half-difference of the ordinates of the envelopes of the short-circuit current in
separate phases, respectively. The armature current periodic component at short-circuit is
determined as a mean arithmetic value of the periodic component of the current in three
phases. The sum of the transient component ∆i'k and the subtransient component ∆i"k of
the armature current periodic component is determined by subtracting the sustained short
circuit current i(.) from the armature current periodic component. This one is plotted
against time on semi-log scale. Extrapolation to the zero time gives the initial value of ∆i"k
(0) and thus of ∆i'k(0) .
determination of the time constants

direct-axis transient short-circuit time constant τ d'
Time required for the transient armature current component to decrease to 1/εp0.368 of
its initial value. It is determined from the direct-axis transient no-load time constant and
amounts about 0.3 to 2.5 s.
xd'
τ =τ
'
d
'
d0
xd
direct-axis subtransient short-circuit time constant τ d''
Time required for the subtransient armature current component to decrease to 1/εp0.368
of its initial value. It amounts about 0.02 to 0.05 s.
direct-axis transient no-load time constant τ d' 0
The direct-axis transient no-load time constant is approximately equal to the inherent time
constant of the exciter winding and so to the total resistance of the excitation circuit. That
is why this constant is influenced by the internal resistance of the voltage supply the
exciter winding is fet with, consequently depends on the temperature.
armature short-circuit time constant τ a
Time required for the excitation current periodic component to decrease to 1/εp0.368 of
its initial value. It is also determinable from decay of the aperiodic armature current
components in each phase. Then it is defined as the average time required for these
components to decrease to 1/εp0.368 of their initial value. Condition therefore is that the
armature current during the sudden short-circuit test is measured by non-inductive shunts.
The armature short-circuit constant is about 0.03 and 0.7 s for large machines.
2 X d'' X q''
τa =
( X d'' + X q'' ) ⋅ ωR1

Appr. Date 44
determination of the reactances from the sudden three-phase short circuit test
U ( 0) U (0)
X d' = X d'' =
[
3 I ( ∞ ) + ∆i k ( 0)
'
] [
3 I (∞) + ∆i ' k (0) + ∆i '' k (0) ]
X d' direct-axis transient reactance
X d'' direct-axis subtransient reactance
U ( 0) no-load voltage immediatly before the short-circuit

transient component of the initial value of the periodic component of the short-
∆i ' k ( 0)
circuit current
subtransient component of the initial value of the periodic component of the
∆i '' k (0)
short-circuit current
I (∞ ) sustained short-circuit curent
circuit diagram for the sudden three phase short circuit test
3.6 pressure measurement to check cooling gas distribution

The pressure measurement in conducted for every cold and warm gas area.The static
gauge pressure in relation to the ambiant temperature is measured.The picture shows the

Appr. Date 45
single test points.
Overpressure areas: 1,7

Negative pressure areas: 2,3,4,5,6
3.7. measurement of pressure drop over air filters

For generators with direct air cooling (DAC-Unit) the pressure drop over the air filters
required is measured.
The measurement is conducted under rated speed with the put up pressure measurement
devices or with an extra device at the pressure-gage connection.
3.8 determination of the polarization index

The polarization index indicates the degree of humidity or pollution in the main insulation.
If the phases are disconnectable, every phase shall preferably be measured one by one
against ground and other windings. The polarization resistance is carried out according to
the isolation resistance measurement C3/C4, to this all other windings, thermal sensors
and the shaft must be connected to groung.
The polarization index is measured at 1000V. The voltage is put to the winding, according

Appr. Date 46
to the picture, and the charging current is measured. The measurement is recorded every
minute. At least however after 1 minute and 10 minutes.
The polarization index is then the relationship:
R10 min
Polarization index =
R1 min
An alternative measuring also permits the measuring times 0.5 min and 1 min with
R1 min
Polarization index =
R0,5 min
3.9 magnetization test of the complete stator

The magnetization is made by a winding which is put around the stator core back/ -hole
and is fed with a sinusoidal alternating voltage. A further winding put around the stator
core with a turn, on which the induced voltage is measured, serves as measuring winding
for the determination of the test induction.
The test induction is calculated by:
UP
Bˆ =
4,44 ⋅ f N ⋅ AJ ⋅ w
with:
B̂ magnetic induction [ T ]
UP voltage of measuring winding [ V ]
fN mains frequency [ Hz ] (at P247 50 Hz)
AJ Iron cross-section of the yoke [ m² ]
w number of turns of the magnetization winding

Appr. Date 47

Appr. Date 48

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Turbogenerator Test program

document number X – scope of supply

Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.

Power Generation PG P247 Doc.-No 48

Test program „production“ overview

Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.

Power Generation PG P247 Doc.-No 48

Test program „standard“ overview

 Applied for identical machines – (first machine gets a performance test)

1.1 visual inspection of all parts

1.3 check of nameplate-data

1.4 DC resistance measurement of windings

1.4.1 DC stator resistance Ra

1.4.2 DC rotor resistance Rf

1.5 winding insulation resistance measurements

1.5.1 generator stator and rotor

1.5.2 exciter stator and rotor (if existing)

1.5.3 slot resistance thermometer

1.6 high voltage tests

1.6.1 generator stator- and rotor winding

1.6.3 voltage test of the slot resistance temperature detectors

1.7 dielectric dissipation factor tan δ of the stator winding

1.8 functional test of accesories and attachments

Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.

Power Generation PG P247 Doc.-No 48

Test program „performance“ overview

 Test program "STANDARD“ with additional rotating test

2.1 test program "STANDARD TEST"

2.2 mechanical no load test at rated speed

2.2.1 vibration measurements at bearings and shaft

2.2.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE

2.2.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE

2.2.4 determination of the temperature rises of the windings

2.2.5 measurement of cold and warm air temperatures, determination of rise

2.2.6 determination of friction losses

2.2.7 overspeed test

2.2.8 test of bypass control by changing inlet temperature limit value

2.3.1 vibration measurements at bearings and shaft

2.3.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE

2.3.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE

2.3.4 short-circuit characteristic up to nominal current

2.3.5 determination of temperature rises at nominal voltage

2.3.6 Determination of cold and warm air temperatures

2.3.7 determination of short-circuit losses at nominal current

2.3.8 tests at exciter machine

2.4 electrical no load test at rated voltage and rated speed

2.4.1 vibration measurements at bearings and shaft

Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.

Power Generation PG P247 Doc.-No 48

2.4.2 temperature rise bearing oil EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage

2.4.3 temperature rise bearings EE/TE at 110% of nominal voltage

2.4.4 no load saturation characteristic up to 130% of nominal voltage

2.4.5 determination of temperature rises at 110% of nominal voltage

2.4.7 determination of iron losses at 100% of nominal voltage

2.4.8 measurement of shaft voltage

2.4.10 voltage balance test

2.4.11 deviation factor of open circuit terminal voltage wave form

2.5 calculation from measurements

2.5.1 efficiency at 100, 75, 50 and 25%

2.5.2 short circuit ratio KC

2.5.5 voltage regulation

2.5.6 determination of Portier reactance

Siemens AG File 09 Testing Procedures Rev. No of sh.

Applied for identical machines – (first machine gets a performance test)

Test program "STANDARD“ with additional rotating test

Further tests are possible if requested

bearing resistance thermometer

anticondensation heating of exciter machine measurement of resistances,

additional attachments (e.g. flux probe, slotcoupler…)