1F3.000 masks of exe amine the es fang bonus - (gest 3 For the remainder of independent variable, Late, than one independent v Plies only to units in exe 3.0" of5,000,itap implifeation ofthis function ap Bs. Clarify the iogic for us a Section 4.1 Follow-up Exercises In Exercises 1-16, determine (0) the case in Example 4 ly output. If combined regular rate, or eives a lump sum bone tically, this is statedas 40, determine th )eype 1 mast 500 tye ve compe41 The funeon C1) 12 Demand Fasction TH © 49 Demand Funct Act -e Premiums Aninnuranet Ii the anual prem cm ie ns 46 Tr: hiya ne clas of Tn et wijon The fonction compute anna P + 80,000 errr, ber of wh mn be proce cc. the nD rg forth cow Functos oe i 8 ain ane ap ew tamed atin a= (P8000 anetion ofthe price charged uct a jomain and range for tia ‘The fonction 9 dedofP iy dem sy de Determine the restr sesimpied method for determin. eapany bes 8 fiat anal fee of $150 alcy_ Ae emount of the poi. ia fo phn 85, which core y woul cos $150 nual premium i dollars and x tue ofthe policy Ep eauals he OOF dolla), determine the luo of th policy (tated In thowest’ rer be issued is a $10,000 policy rlowing method for computing monthly eect chy service charge of § an fp : daring sratedin dolarsand equals the function whieh exp 48 Auto Leasing A pacity sae xoqualsthe 50 Wage Incentive Plan rake the fos of ue Heo orsiyt ila) ep 31 Meshertiphs ‘mite ine, stone 180 Given fis, nd (fla 60 A company expendi0,000 policy ange for the ly electric for each ‘equals the sed during “41 ) Determine Aollars) and n equels the my Membership Drive 4 limited time, the additional nent ‘ew member wil be equals the membership fe fs Given f(z, 3) = Given (4, @at,»), Given 0th g) = @u-2,~ (f2.0,-4. Given’ f(xy, x4, x, ore, Given f(s, and (€) f(a, A company eri oe by $2.0. (7 he $2.80 pr. ‘ip takes he fone umber of hou et of hoon weouglar ie an beth lbs trying tumalee new membership. Pore rmal annual fee of $3 : : ev members and n equal the number +8410, determine “(5 determine Y= 2+ 23t2,— a4 — 10, ab ~ atbd + 26%, determine () {0 nit it ell he spec ated products, 18.5 hours, the hourly wage inete HO, where w equals the hourly wage nexceae of, the anal fuefion p= f(n), where p 0,0), () f=, 2), and (0 1CHAPTER 4 MATHEMATICAL FLNCTIONS ganonas 025 witb aro tw cen, ‘excepts 2,000. For ach bar ove 2000.00 on $8 alate le of Dea ae sh on ary mepecnnly se al Tite oer ye non dot salesperson is paid? Of ec issions per unit sold 7 rand ate omnis S Sen eS pecs Segui ws aaa ee saber of units oi of PSE be earned ifthe sleeperton ele TH tars pre the rte yn abana ifombine ae Seana 325 pi SLB The soem the weekly salary ry oth 2 36, and 1S unital 4.2 TYPES OF FUNCTIONS Functions can be classified according to their structs characteristics. A discuss vamistoome ofthe more common functions follows. Moe thorough treatment of these functions is provided in Chaps. 5 and mntial and logarithinie fanc- tions will be discussed in Chap. 7 Constant Functions A constant function has 1! real, For example, is aconstant fi sion. Rega alue 20. That is, of the value of x, the range ‘the single f(-10) f(1,000 flo+b)=2 Asshown in 5s ig. 4.8, every value in t range for stant functions. SRST (setae Berens tn inportantcn Marginel revenue isthe additional evens ee eae deter lls as toes oduct sells atthe same Pee ereeterla aprotic b ood § function can be stated as the constant function igure 48. Mapping fora svete MR equals m ‘Linear Functions A linear funetioi where dg and Graphically, thi intercept (0, a] js a linear fun (0, 15). Px 12 Creo These two & operating ts fonetion(CHAPTER 4 MATHEMATICAL SOLUTION (a) y= (h(x) = 200 @) gacay = 2102" — 26 fo ath(-3) = 4-9" Section 4.2 Follow-up Exercises te the foiowag occoe, lat (it POCSN) quadratic, eubie, polynomial classify i, rational). 1fa-e ayes 3a) = e- 9/2 shane 5 fle) = 2" 8 fla) = 10/2 7 fle) =10- 3/4 Pe gene 42 hs) =3— 11 sth) = ae 13 o() = 15 f(a) = 50/6)? eile ee ners 19 f(t) = 8/006 > 22 u(h) = log. 21 ls) = lot 33 0) 23 fl) = (2-97 34 fla) aaa 25 Given the general form of te in for these functions = rete general form of a polynomial fction stated by Ea jetermine the domain for such functions. oma (revere form of rational fancion stated by a. (4.8), determine the demain for theve functions. ‘Total profit from planting x, ac" 22? — 100 if aconstant function stat at farm jis exp! (e) Whats total profit i200 acres are planted at fare acres at farm 3 (Whats total post 700 acres ar ly, at the three (0) Identify one combination of plantings which in profit equaling 22 ‘The value ofa truck is estimated by the func —a where Vequls the value stated in dollars {a) What clas of funtion is this? (0) Wat tho wats ahar 3 sen (©) When will the value equal 0? 80 A police department partment has determined that the number of serious crimes which oceut P161 lice offer assent te ren, (©) How many officers woul levels to 6007 : (2) Hoo many officers wo 81 Total revenue fe bat to be signed to edice won Specialy nr te cd where B equal total revenue in d (e) What class of tinction an (2) Whats toval revenue expected to equal ithe price equal $10? (6) What price(s) would rnin otal renee era 82 Supply Functions A suply function indcetee te nusber of unl of «commraity that sapplirs are willing to bring tothe marketplace ano fonction ofthe pecs core sumers are willing to pay. The following funtion ins sopelyfeneion where g, equals numberof units supplied (stated in thousands) and p equal the selling nay ulate dif th ot price is $90 $507 mould etn 0 nt being brag to te errs? P(q) = —10¢? + 98,0004 ~ 45,000 the number of units old and P equals annual prof in do where q equals the nab of wit at elas of fonetions BS? bh cd to equal if 18 Beg aa he plane is ort jane for $75 million. @® We timated well by 3 ge Value A 34 Salvage Va fe purchases a perticul the salvage (resale) value The ‘ = fla) = 72 — 0.0006 f x equals the number of dollar) and x n millions of o salvege value ( uals the § me for the plane function is this? hours of fight hat (yPeia ten? a yours equal anes 10000 eave val temo soos caves nacre 8 @ tom a are vould ebe plan? ar Hee -etothey interceP® tm sn would you Be (ay Wine ‘not eam ction for & roauet 35 The oan oe 00 for me coapren 4 marweyarica think this doen : is the P ows function is this? (ot ln et G aiintmater ty ete Soisnt for the product dei a 7 “ ‘The number of rattle expected to mp) 0088 +8 eats the nuraber of ays since the cate fit end oe beac fer 10 das cpl the numberof cates Feasts rat detected. Hi Sheen sa iter de? 37 Givenfe)= #7 reve) IE fe ond a) a yl) sn na) mx trie (0) 62), 2) 4 (e) al) 40 Greny=ate)~ 2 td 0H) a1 yaw? ene Rinne 12 eee yma tu + Sande =f) = 10, determi tone?) 48 Gen ye) (a2). 2 Nas Ceay=nepetansyend= ie (atta). co) +(e), (0 fla) + 8(2), and 3 and ats) : b) fle) #(@), and determine (a) s(H(2)), (6) a(h(=2)), 4p tucand u= hie) = 2+8, determine ( ) g(h(0}), and and u= A(z) =2%, determine (0) &| fe), () ACF), and = h(x) =x+2, determine (a) 9(h g(h(@)), and 4.3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF FUNCTIONS ‘Throughout thisbook the visual model is used as oft understanding of different mathematical concepts. Th frequently take the form of » graphical repre: the graphical representation of funct Graphing Functions in Two Dimensions Functions of oneortwo independent variab graphical portrayal bring 43. cRAPHICAL contained iy ‘Thus, funct independen To gra the domain the depenc represents points whi adequate coordinate aterStal revenue comes from the sale of crops planted at each of the three farms, of Rey, Ha) rz tate tats = 1,300z, + 1,650z, + 1,200, “Total coats are the sum of thou atthe three farms pls the corporate fixed conta, op Olay 4s x5) = crx, + Fy + bytg + Fy + cay + Fy + 76,000 800s, + 150,000 + 110054 + 178,000 + 760s, + 1 900%; + 1.100%, + 750, + 625,000 25,000 + 75,069 Total profit is a linear function computed as PO, 9) 25) = lay, 2, 59) — Clay, X29) +150, +52 1x, + 1,650z, + 1,2002, — (9002, + 1,100x, = 400, + 5502, + 450x, — 525,000 Section 5.1 Follow-up Exercises 1 Write the general form of a linear function involving five independent 2 Assume that the product B isnot available one week, how many salary goal? If product A is unavailable, how many w 3 Assume in Example 1 (page 177) that the salespers sales from the two products exceed 80 units. The b incentiv functi desperson in Example 1 (page 177) has a salary goal the , and when are 81), how many units m on, and (6) earn zero profit mputers produces per unit, and lat sale prices, material c Microcomputer Mo del 1 Model 2 Model 3 Wholesale price/unit $500 $1,000 Material cost/unit Labor cost/unit f atom of the ent microcom function for sale hree models hre183 52 OTHER EXAMPLES OF LINEAR FUNCTIONS following planting 6 For Brample& (page 161), che board of directors has voted on the following plang 2d? program forthe coming year 1,000 acres will be planted at farm 1,1 1,880 at farm 3 4 (a) What are the expected profits forthe program? . ® ‘Asummer drought has rented in he revenue yelda per are being reduced by 20,0, ‘and 10 percent, repectively, at the three farms. What isthe profit expected reviously mentioned planting program? inthe 7 Automobile Leasing A carleaing agency purchases new cars each yar fr wie in be ‘agency. The care cost $15,000 new. They are used for 3 years, after which they are so $4,500 The owner ofthe agency eatimaten thatthe variable costa of operating the cA®, exclusive of gasoline, are $0.18 per mile, Cars are leased for a flat fee of $0.33 per mile (Gasoline not included) (2) Formulate the total revenue function associated with renting one of the cars. total of + miles over a 3-year period. (©) Formulate the total cost function associated with renting a car for a total of x mil over 3 years Formulate the profit function. What is profit ia car is leased for 60,000 miles over a 3-year period? What mileage is required in order to earn zero profit for 3 years? 8 A company produces a product which it sels for $55 per unit. Each unit costa the firm $23, in variable expenses, and fixed costs on an annual basis are $400,000, If x equals the number of units produced and sold durin (0) Formulate the linear total cost function (}) Formulate the linear total revenue function. il (©) Formulate the linear profit function. per week. What does annual profit equal i 10,000 units are produced and sold during the year? hott t level of output is required in order to earn zero pr ir cline and unleaded premium. The price per gallon scombined charged by the station is $1.299 for unleaded regular and $1.379 for unleeded premium. e The cost pe from the supplier is $1.219 for unleaded regular and $1.289 for equals the number of gallons sold of regular and x, the number of gallons ling x, and x, gallons, respectively, of the two om purchasing x, and x, gallons, respectively, of 000 gallons of unleaded Depreciation) When organizations purchase equipment, vehicles, build. pes of “capital assets,” accountants usually allocate the cost of the item000, the service on we might 1 unit of rae cna Gite pec mt ncn eto Seared ni stn cnn mtg ‘Suppose that these three eon ne nnn Bs estate ped epi ashe erg 5¢810) + 2189) + 1($12) = g60 It we let x equal the number o u tual the numberof units of product mis, he prot function forthe three products P(a) = 60x ~ 240,000 ‘The break-even point oscurs when P(2) = 0, or 60x ~ 240,000 = 0 60x = 240,000 == 4,000 ‘The firm will break even when it produces 4,000 product mix units, or 12, cee P its, oF 12,000 units of , Go. The analysis pre the prodict mix still be of value as a planning tool. Section 5.3 Follow-up Exe 1 A firm eels a product for $45 per unit. Variable costs per unit are $89 an fixed cots Zow many unit must be old inorder to break even? ‘An enterprising college student has decided to parchasea local car wath business. The purchase 50000, Car ashes will be priced af $540, and variable cost pe car 2cap, water, labor, etc) is expected to equa $1.50. How many crs must be washed in equal $450,0 wrder to recover the $150,000 purchase price? Hecinge ‘ i e 0,000. Five hundred chances: tion is planning a rafle to raise $10, The car will cost the organization $15,000. How much should es to net a profit of $10,000? A charitable organis will be sold ona new each ticket cost if the organization wishécris: APPLICATIONS vn con ot 95200 acid wi he produto of SRO oe ms profit and fixed cost from ¢ sale of each book 4A bles ba a The contribution ' = Rat ogenict part a 2 ‘Blades. ley Blades charges « fa (000 per night plus 40 percent ~ toe sold in order to broek even ofa na hall tour has ade ne ora guaranteed foe of $1 ay the se te ticket price is $12 aetna be to recover the $100,000 40 from the game, how meny ticketa price would allow the university to 1 equal ifthe $12 price is charged? pure invest $60,000 in equipment, aired? What is the eale-even quan- receipts. The (@) Determine the number @) Ifthe average atendance should ecu 7 (@) Whet ticket price woul () What ticket de 9 Equipment Selection A 6 hoes tems a cost of $4 pe $125 00 and produce ne (a) What volume of oxtpat make © 180,00 units are + 10 Robotics & manufacturer i ane of its production procesea environment” for humens. T tremely high temperatures as w ppm have th capable aave been identified. There appear t *b which the wo moels work: One robot cost 30,0 meee53. BREAK-EVEN test Das Senet weed e oie cope ee eee ec (©) Define the levels of nee Hage wants to evaluate whether itis leas tly to have hi own programming staff or to Outede the frm (@) How mary lines of ©) programming ald the in-house cost pe lne of ade havo eal fo the two options to be equally cots? sitivity Analynin Bectue te pranetes (constant) ved in matheateal els aro frequently estimates, actual reals ey fer fom those peectadby te thomatica! analysis. To acount for some of the uncertainties whist may exit a problem, analysts often condact serait anabes The gf there are changes in model pratonters nie $2.95 pr line eetiate penne highe new union contract. Determine the combined a a games is about to introduce four new table summeries pris and cost data. Combined fixed costa aaeatch sey predicts tht foreach unit 0 of Black research tay re ae individual gam — ae Haleys Comet Black Hole owing table summarizes price $28 million,quarter 7 EXPONENTIAE AND Figure 7.10. C fhetched in Big 7. value of 0.478 dollars) will have b indicates that af ee il the value of does Papproach as fin ply inthis typeof val 1? Doyouthink that are Seetion 7. 1 An investme year. If interes Je of 8 percent per | (@) Determine iaalator. The functi Which suggests tirar ne 1, the function hers coolints recvivable ft have been collected Q will the value of _ percent per in invested for 10 yeera? increas by 80 peent 6 An ‘investment of $280, ‘ade. ifthe interest, Mitin invented for 10 years” (oe increese by 180 percent? 7 Population Growth The po exponential iyata constant rate of 4, 1985, was 40 milion, (@) Write country, wh () the rateandpatiom of g atthe beginning of 1996? Inthe beginning ofthe yeas 10? 8 InExercise 7 dt ermine the year in which the compounded a (©) 26 youre 00 which earn ‘hat year wil the population have increased by 60 pecoat? 9 Solid Waste Within a ma . hhas boon increasing at an exponential sa daily tonnage i (@) What daity 10 Salvage Vi tobe 500 ns and the rte and pattern of growth co onnage wil he expected 10 years from ni (©) Current capacity f pacity no longer be sulcient? rele val 3 andling coe (0) What was the original value of the pice of equipment? ()_ What isthe exp of its original 12 Endangered cated that tl ong does it take for the resale value imber of deer of a particular spec resale value after 8 years? ©) How long wilt take forthe nveatnent to interest atthe rate of 10 percent pet yea ia tinuouly,() whet wil the averse prow "(@) How longisrequied forthe investment Puleton Pof a South American country hasbeen prom: -Spercent per yer. The populationn Jansary he Reaarl exponential growth function P= f( for the popalation ofthe equals time mearured in youre since Jemuary 1188, contin, what isthe popolation expected to equal Population can beexpected to doxble Ln ‘the annval tonnage of sli waste (garbage) te of 8 percent pe yor. Amme the eurent the asset toreach 25 pereent ‘The Department of the Interior for the United States eati- was 60,000 a the beginning of ing exponentially 1680, Scientists estimate that the population of the epocis is decreasing expot at a ate of 4 percent per (a) Write the () Whats the; rental rate of 4 percent per year its estimated value today 15 Fund-Raising v ft reaponse function has be tb R who will make a d seontributions ofthe sountey have been increasing st ome wea prc 3 yen a2 ft me rate, what will ite value be 8 years sign. Past experi ofthe length of time that = jonstion 0s ©