pronoun, in which case it can also be inflected. Inflexion can give a noun features of a verb such as person and tense, With inflexion, a verb can become one of the following = verbal noun (jsim-fil); = verbal adjective (sifat-fil) or participle (ortag); = verbal adverb (called a gerund by Lewis (1967)) These have peculiarities not shared with other nouns, adjectives or adverbs. For example, some participles take a person the way verbs do. Also, a verbal noun or adverb can take a direct object. Some verbal nouns are not inflected forms in Turkish, but are borrowed from Arabic or other languages A noun or pronoun alone can make a complete sentence. For example, Most dictionaries list verbs in their infinitive form, which alone usually cannot form complete sentences. For example, However, instead of the infinitive, the Redhouse Turkish-English Dictionary gives the stem of a verb as its headword, and the present article follows this convention. The verb-stem is also the second-person singular imperative: Both a noun and a verb, without endings, can alone form a sentence Many verbs are formed from nouns by addition of -le. For example, ikepekle- "swim like a dog” (in any of several ways). The aotist tense of a verb is formed by adding -(i/e)r. The plural of a noun is formed by suffixing -ler. Hence ikopek + ler "(oney are) dogs." iKopekle +r "S/he swims (ike a dog)." ‘Thus -ler can indicate either a plural noun or a finite verb Most adjectives can be tated as nouns or pronouns. For example, An adjective or noun can stand, as a modifier, before a noun. If the modifier is a noun (but not a noun of material), then the second noun word takes the inflexional suffix -i