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Question: Steam enters a nozzle operating at steady state at 30 bar, 320… Post a question
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Steam enters a nozzle operating at steady state at 30 bar, 320 ?C, with a velocity of 100 m/s. the exit pressure and temperature
are 10 bar and 200 ?C, respectively. The mass ow rate is 2 kg/s. Neglecting heat transfer and potential energy, determine: (a)
the exit velocity, in m/s; and
(b) the inlet and exit ow areas, in cm2.
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General guidance My Textbook Solutions

Concepts and reason

Nozzle:
Flow passage with a varying cross sectional area. It increases the velocity of a gas or liquid in the direction of ow.
Nozzles are generally used in ducts in air conditioning systems.
For control volume enclosing the nozzle the only work associated is ow work at locations where mass enters and exits
Essentials of Mechanical
the control volume. Materials... Vibrations
For a control volume mass balance and energy balance at steady state is important. 4th Edition 6th Edition
Conservation of mass:
Mass entering the control volume is equal to the mass leaving the control volume.
Apply the energy rate balance for nozzle to nd the exit velocity. Calculate the inlet and outlet areas using the mass ow
rate and velocity.

Fundamentals
Write the energy rate balance equation. Mechanical
Vibrations
Q̇cv + ∑ ṁi (hi + + gzi ) = Ẇcv + ∑ ṁe (he + + gze )
2 2
Vi Ve
2 2 6th Edition
i e
View all solutions
For control volume enclosing nozzle the only work is ow work, so the term Ẇcv drops out of the energy rate balance.
The change in potential energy from inlet to exit is negligible under most conditions.
Q̇cv + ṁ [(h1 − h2 ) + V1 2 −V2 2
2
]=0
Calculate the area using the conservation of mass principle. Top Chegg tutors who ca
A1 V1 A2 V2
ṁ = =
v1 v2
help right now
Here, the mass ow rate is ṁ ,the inlet and outlet areas are A1 , A2 , the speci c volume of the steam is v1 , v2 , and the
inlet and outlet velocities are V1 , V2 .
Omar M.
University of Pennsy…
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Erin S.
Yale University
Step-by-step FIRST STEP | ALL STEPS | ANSWER ONLY

Lorenzo L.
 Columbia University
Step 1 of 3

From the properties of superheated water vapor tables at p1 = 30 bar and T1 = 320∘ C .
Find me a tutor
h1 = 3043.4 kJ/kg

v1 = 0.085 m3 /kg
From the properties of superheated water vapor tables at p2 = 10 bar and T2 = 200∘ C .

h2 = 2827.9 kJ/kg

v2 = 0.206 m3 /kg

Explanation | Hint for next step

Use the steam tables to obtain the enthalpies and speci c volumes at the inlet and exit.


Step 2 of 3

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4/9/2020 Steam Enters A Nozzle Operating At Steady State At... | Chegg.com
a. 1

 Apply
NEW!
the steady state energy Textbook Solutions
rate balance equation. Expert Q&A Study Pack Practice  

Q̇cv + ṁ [(h1 − h2 ) + V1 2 −V2 2

2 ]=0

V2 = 2 (h1 − h2 ) + V1 2
Substitute 3043.4 kJ/kg for h1 , 2827.9 kJ/kg for h2 , and 100 m/s for V1 .

J/kg
V2 = 2 (3043.4 − 2827.9) kJ/kg × 103 kJ/kg
+ (100)2

= 664.1 m/s

Part a
Therefore the exit velocity is 664.1 m/s .

Explanation | Hint for next step

Using the steady state energy rate balance equation the exit velocity is calculated.


Step 3 of 3

b.
Find the inlet and exit areas using the following relations:

ṁv1
A1 = V1

2×0.085×104
= 100

= 17 cm2

ṁv2
A2 = V2

2×0.206×104
= 664.1

= 6.2 cm2

Part b
Therefore, the inlet and exit areas are 17 cm2 and 6.2 cm2 .

Explanation

Using the principle of conservation of mass the inlet and exit areas are calculated.

Answer
Part a
Therefore the exit velocity is 664.1 m/s .

Part b
Therefore, the inlet and exit areas are 17 cm2 and 6.2 cm2 .

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