UNIT 6 ( THE ESSENTIAL FACT OF FUNGUS)

Task 1
Answer the following questions based on the text.
1. Mention three kinds of fungi! What are they for?
 Shelves: They grow on the side of a fallen log.
 Mold: They produce penicillin.
 Yeast: They make bread light and fluffy
2. What are the characteristics of fungi?
 Fungi do not have roots, stems, leaves, or flowers. They are lack of chlorophyll,
so they must take their food from other plants of fungi, saprophytes, feed on dead
plants or animals.
3. What is the important substance that we can get from fungi?
 That is protein. Fungi are very rich in protein.
4. How do fungi support their life?
 Fungi must take their food from other plants of fungi, saprophytes, feed on dead
plants or animals. The rest of the fungi live on or in living plants or animals, using
some part of them as food.
5. Why do fungi cause great harm to their host?
 Because parasite fungi use some part of their host as food.
6. Explain two reproduction types of fungus!
 The First one is asexual reproduction. In asexual reproduction, fungus produces
spores in small containers called sporangia. When the spores are ripe, the
sporangia burst is something like the seed of higher plants. Wind, water, and
insects can carry the spores long distances. When a spore rests on a material that a
fungus can use for food, the spore grows into new fungus plants.
 The second one is sexual production. In sexual reproduction, a male and female
cell unite to form a large spore. These spores, called perfect spores, which can
survive on conditions of extreme dryness or cold. When conditions improve, they
can grow into new fungus plants.
7. What are spores? Where do they come from?
 Spores are important thing for fungus reproduction. Spores are produced by
fungus in small containers called sporangia.
8. Why do we call a large spore which is produced in sexual reproduction as perfect spores?
 Because they can survive on conditions of extreme dryness or cold
9. What are yeasts? How do they reproduce?
 Yeasts are very small fungi which make bread light and fluffy. They reproduce by
budding. A yeast cell grows a bud (a little bump), which then splits off a separate
cell.
10. Why do we call many fungi as parasites?
  Because they may cause great harm to their host. They take nourishment from
plants they live on or within. They drain so much energy that their plant hosts die.
Many fungi also can cause diseases.
Task 2
Explore your idea to answer these questions.
1. Do you think fungus is important for human life? Explain your answer!
 Yes, i think some fungus is important for human life. Because some of them can
be eaten. And some of them can be useful. Molds can produce penicillin, yeasts
can useful for bread production.
2. What will you do to make fungus to be the ‘miracle food’ of tomorrow?
 As we can know, fungi are very rich in protein. I hope we can help or be the
scientist who are trying to breed certain types of fungi that very rich in protein
and can be produced massively.

Task 3
Find out the synonym of the underlined words by choosing the best answer from the box
below.
1. You may come upon bright orange shelves growing on the side of a fallen log.
Bright = Shining
2. Fungi reproduce in several ways.
Several = some
3. Other familiar family members are mushroom, puffballs, and plant rusts.
Familiar = well known
4. The rest of the fungi live on or in living plants or animals.
Live = be alive
5. Fungi also lack chlorophyll
Lack = have none
6. They may cause great harm to their host.
Great = very large
7. A fungus produces spores in small containers called sporangia
Produces = makes
8. Wind, water, and insects can carry the spores long distances.
 Carry = brought
9. A male and female cell unite to form a large spore.
Large = big
10. They drain so much energy that their plant hosts die.
Die = stop living
UNIT 20 (THE RIGHT WAY TO TAKE YOUR DRUGS)
Task 1
Based on the information from the text, decide what you should do when you are in the
following situations.
No Situation
1 When you give medicines to
children
2 When you miss a drug dose
3 When you forget to take a
contraception pill of your
regular time
4 When you miss more than
one dose of drug taken
regularly
5 When you often forget to
take your medication
6 When a patient tells you that
she/he often forgets to take
her/his medication
Precaution (s)
 Follow the instruction on the label exactly
 Do not exceed the dosage recommended.
 Do not give a child even a small amount of a
medicine intended for adult use without doctor’s
advice.
 Do not deceive them about the medicine they are
going to take.
 Do not leave a child’s medicine within reach.
 You should know what to do.
 Take the pill as soon as you remember or tell
your doctor.
 Take the pill as soon as you remember.
 You should tell your doctor.
 You should tell your doctor, he/she may be able
to simplify your treatment schedule.
 You may simplify their treatment schedule by
prescribing a multi-ingredient preparation that
contains sseveral drugs, or a preparation that
releases the drug slowly into the body over a
period of time, and only needs to be taken once or
twice daily.
 7 If you are a forgetful person  Use a pill box to make sure you take your tablets
and you have to take several in the right order.
different drugs

Task 2
Decide in which paragraph you can find the following information.
No Information Paragraph
1 Never tell a child that the tablet/capsule tthey are going to take is 3
sweet.
2 The timing of doses depends on the effect that the drug has. 4
3 It is dangerous for someone who suffers from epilepsy to miss even a 4
drug dose.
4 Drawing up a chart orr using a pill box is useful way to remind you of 6
when the drug should be taken.
5 Doctor is someone we should do to when we often miss to take our 3
medication.
6 Never exceed the dosage of over-the-counter drugs recommended for a 2
child.

Task 3
Find the synonym the italic word from the box below.
1. Missing an over-the-counter drug dose is quite common among people.
Drug = Medicine
2. Parents should not exceed the dosage recommended for children .
Recommended = Advice
3. Missing a dose medication can be a problem only if you are taking th drug as a part of
regular course of recovery.
Problem = Trouble
4. If you frequently forget to take your medication, you should tell your doctor to simplify
your treatment schedule.
Treatment = Cure
5. The misses dose may sometimes produce a recurrence of symptoms in the action of the
drug.
Recurrence = Repetition
6. The timing of drug doses depends on how long the actions of the drug last.
Actions = Act
7. If you take several different drugs, it is useful to draw up a chart to remind yourself about
the time to drink them.
Take = Get
8. If you miss more then one dose of any drug you are taking regularly, you should tell your
doctor in order to prevent worse health condition.
Regularly = On a regular basis.