Negotiable Instruments, Torts and Damages Case Digest: BPI V. CA, China Banking Corp and Phil. Clearing Housee Corp. (1992) Our Bookshelf

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Negotiable Instruments, Torts And

Damages Case Digest: BPI V. CA, China
Our Bookshelf
Banking Corp And Phil. Clearing Housee Thinking, Fast
Corp. (1992) and Slow

by
by Daniel
Daniel Kahneman
Kahneman
Blue Ocean
Strategy: How
to Create Uncontested
Market Space and Make the
Competition Irrelevant
G.R. No. 102383 November 26, 1992 by
by W.
W. Chan
Chan Kim
Kim
Lessons Applicable:
How to Talk to
Forgery (Negotiable Instruments Law) Anyone: 92
Little Tricks for Big
Special Rules on Experts and Professionals (Torts and Damages)
Success in Relationships
by
by Leil
Leil Lowndes
Lowndes
FACTS:
October 9, 1981 afternoon: Eligia G. Fernando who had a money market The
placement as evidenced by a promissory note with a maturity date of Presentation
November 11, 1981 amounting to P2,462,243.19 called Reginaldo Secrets of Steve Jobs
by
by Carmine
Carmine Gallo
Gallo
Eustaquio, Dealer Trainee in BPI's Money Market Department to
preterminate the placement The 7 Habits
but she was told "trading time" was over for that Friday, and suggested that of Highly
she call again the following week Effective People: Powerful
The promissory note the caller wanted to preterminate was a roll-over of an Lessons in Personal Change
by
by Stephen
Stephen R.
R. Covey
Covey
earlier 50-day money market placement that had matured on September
24, 1981
Later that afternoon, Eustaquio conveyed the request for pretermination to
Penelope Bulan, but Eustaquio was left to attend to the pretermination
process
October 12, 1981 morning: Eligia followed up with Eustaquio.
Eustaquio knew the real Eligia G. Fernando to be the Treasurer of Philippine
American Life Insurance Company (Philamlife) since he was handling Follow On Instagram
Philamlife's corporate money market account.
But neither Eustaquio nor Bulan who originally handled Fernando's account,
nor anybody else at BPI, bothered to call up Fernando at her Philamlife
office to verify the request for pretermination
Despite being informed that the placement would yield less than the
maturity value, Eligia still insisted
Eustaquio proceeded to prepare the "purchase order slip" for the requested
pretermination as required by office procedure.
The 2 cashier's checks, together with the papers consisting of the money
market placement was to be preterminated and the promissory note to be
preterminated, were sent to Gerlanda E. de Castro (Manager) and Celestino
Sampiton, Jr., (Administrative Assistant) in both signatories from BPI's
Treasury Operations Department.
Having been singed, the checks now went to the dispatcher for delivery
Later in the same morning, the same caller changed the delivery
instructions that she will personally pick them up the checks or send her
niece.
Eustaquio told her that if were her niece, a written authorization is required.
The signature has been established to be forged although it has a "close

similarity" to the real signature of Eligia G. Fernando
October 13, 1981 afternoon: a woman who represented herself to be Eligia
G. Fernando applied for a current account
She was accompanied and introduced to Emily Sylianco Cuaso, Cash
Supervisor, by Antonio Concepcion whom Cuaso knew to have opened,
earlier that year, an account upon the introduction of Valentin Co, a long-
standing "valued client" of China Banking Corp. (CBC)
However, Cuaso indicated that she was introduced by Valentin Co
The final approval of the new current account is indicated on the application
form by the initials of Regina G. Dy, Cashier, who did not interview the new
client but affixed her initials on the application form after reviewing it.
October 14, 1981: the woman deposited the 2 checks in controversy.
Her endorsement was found to conform with the depositor's specimen
signature.
CBC's guaranty of prior endorsements and/or lack of endorsement was then
stamped
withdrawals on Current Account was made through Checks payable to
"cash"
October 16, 1981 - P1M
October 15, 1981- P48.5K through clearing from PNB
October 19, 1981 - P370K
November 4, 1981 - P4,100.00 through clearing from Far East Bank
All these withdrawals were allowed on the basis of the verification of the
drawer's signature with the specimen signature on file and the sufficiency of
the funds in the account.
However, the balance shown in the computerized teller terminal when a
withdrawal is serviced at the counter, unlike the ledger or usual statement
prepared at month-end, does not show the account's opening date, the
Blog Archive
► 2018 (1)
amounts and dates of deposits and withdrawals.
► 2017 (34)
The last withdrawal on November 4, 1981 with remaining balance of only
► 2016 (13)
P571.61
► 2015 (25)
November 11, 1981 (maturity date of Eligia G. Fernado's money market
► 2014 (15)
placement with BPI): the real Eligia G. Fernando went to BPI for the roll-
► 2013 (226)
over of her placement
► 2012 (76)
She disclaimed having preterminated her placement on October 12, 1981.
▼ 2011 (526)
She executed an affidavit stating that while she was the payee of the two
► December (106)
checks in controversy, she never received nor endorsed them and that her
► November (126)
purported signature on the back of the checks was not hers but forged.
► October (108)
With her surrender of the original of the promissory note evidencing the
placement which matured that day, BPI issued her a new promissory note to ► September (52)
evidence a roll-over of the placement ▼ August (66)
November 12, 1981: Eligia supported w/ affidavit Corporate Case Digest: PNB v. Ritratto
Group, Inc....
BPI returned the 2 checks in controversy to CBC for the reason "Payee's
Corporate Law Case Digest: Remo Jr.
endorsement forged"
v. IAC (1989)
CBC returned the checks for reason "Beyond Clearing Time"
Corporate Law Notes: Separate
CA afformed RTC: favored BPI
Juridical Personalit...
BPI: present clearing guarantee requirement imposed on the representing or
Corporate Law Notes Outline
collecting bank under the PCHC rules and regulations is independent of the
Land Titles and Deeds Notes:
Negotiable Instruments Law Voluntary Dealings wi...
Negotiable Instruments Notes: Rights
ISSUE: W/N BPI should be liable for the forged check because of the doctrine of of the Holder...
last clear chance Negotiable Instruments Notes:
Negotiation (Sec. 30...
HELD: NO. Modified. BPI 60% CBC 40% of the loss Corporate Law Case Digest: Lee v. CA
Section 23 of the Negotiable Instruments Law thereof is not applicable in (1992)
the light of the absolute liability of the representing or collecting bank as Negotiable Instruments Notes Outline
regards forged endorsements in consonance with the clearing guarantee Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
requirement imposed upon the presenting or collecting banks "as it is International ...
worded today." Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Administrative regulations adopted under legislative authority by a particular PNB v. CA, Cap...
department must be in harmony with the provisions of the law, and should Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Metrobank v. F...
be for the sole purpose of carrying into effect its general provisions. By such
Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
regulations, of course, the law itself cannot be extended. (U.S. v. Tupasi
Montinola v. P...
Molina, supra)
In case of discrepancy between the basic law and a rule or regulation issued
Philippine Com...
to implement said law the basic law prevails because said rule or regulation
cannot go beyond the terms and provisions of the basic law (People v. Lim)
BPI v. CA (200...
Section 23 of the Negotiable Instruments Law
Traders Royal ...
When signature is forged or made without the authority of the person whose
signature it purports to be, it is wholly inoperative and no right to retain the Manila Lighter...
instrument, or to give discharge therefore, or to enforce payment thereof, Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
against any party thereto, can be acquired through or under such forged Far East Bank ...
signature, unless the party against whom it is sought to enforce such right is Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
precluded from setting up the forgery or want of authority. Allied Banking...
2 parts of the provision Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Allied Banking...
1. GR: forged signature = "wholly inoperative" and payment made "through Philippine Ban...
or under such signature" = ineffectual or does not discharge the Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
instrument State Investme...
2. EX: when the party relying in the forgery is "precluded from setting up the Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Garcia v. Llam...
forgery or want of authority - negligence of the party invoking forgery
Negotiable Instruments Case
BPI as drawee bank and CBC as representing/collecting bank were both Digest:Caneda Jr. v. C...
negligent resulting in the encashment of the forged checks Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Bautista v. Au...
BPI
Not verifying the phone call
Co v. Admiral ...
officer who used to handle Eligia G. Fernando's account did not do
anything about the account's pre-termination
Agro Conglomer...
No verification on Eligia'ssignature on the letter requesting the pre-
termination and the letter authorizing her niece to pick-up the checks, BPI v. Fidelit...
yet, her signature was in BPI's file Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Failure to ask for the surrender of the promissory note evidencing the Security Bank ...
money market placement that was supposedly pre-terminated Negotiable Instruments, Torts and
Damages Case Dig...
CBC Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
the opening of the impostor's current account in the name of Eligia G. MWSS v. CA (19...
Fernando Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
the deposit of account of the 2 checks in controversy Metrobank v. C...
the withdrawal of their proceeds Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Republic v. Eb...
Doctrine of Last Clear Chance: negligent acts of the 2 parties were not Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
contemporaneous, since the negligence of the one succeeded the negligence Jai-Alai Corp....
of the another by an appreciable interval. Under these circumstances the Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Great Eastern ...
law is that the person who has the last fair chance to avoid the impending
harm and fails to do so is chargeable with the consequences, without
Republic of th...
reference to the prior negligence of the other party
It is not unnatural or unexpected that after taking the risk of impersonating
San Carlos Mil...
Eligia G. Fernando with the connivance of BPI's employees, the impostor
would complete her deception by encashing the forged checks. There is
Francisco v. C...
therefore, greater reason to rule that the proximate cause of the payment of
Land Titles and Deeds Notes: Real
the forged checks by an impostor was due to the negligence of petitioner Estate Mortgage ...
BPI. Land Titles and Deeds Notes Outline
Due care on the part of CBC could have prevented any loss. The Court Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
cannot ignore the fact that the CBC employees closed their eyes to the Associated Ban...
suspicious circumstances of huge over-the-counter withdrawals made Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
immediately after the account was opened. The opening of the account itself Insular Drugs ...
was accompanied by inexplicable acts clearly showing negligence. Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
while we do not apply the last clear chance doctrine as controlling in this Republic Plant...
case, still the CBC employees had ample opportunity to avoid the harm Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
which befell both CBC and BPI. They let the opportunity slip by when the Pacheco v. CA ...
ordinary prudence expected of bank employees would have sufficed to seize Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Consolidated P...
it
While it is true that petitioner BPI's negligence may have been the
Traders Royal ...
proximate cause of the loss, CBC's negligence contributed equally to the
success of the impostor in encashing the proceeds of the forged checks
Caltex (Phils....
Article 2179 of the Civil Code to the effect that while CBC may recover its
Corporate Law Case Digest: San Juan
losses, such losses are subject to mitigation by the court Structural v. ...
Both banks were negligent in the selection and supervision of their Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
employees resulting in the encashment of the forged checks by an Dy v. People (...
impostor. Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Astro Electron...
Labels: 1992, BPI v. CA, Case Digest, forgery, G.R. No. 102383, Juris Doctor,
Philippine Air...
Negotiable Instruments Case Digest, Negotiable Instruments Law, November 26, Special
Rules on Experts and Professionals, torts and damages Wee Sion Ben v...
Corporate Law Case Digest: Gelano v.
CA (1981)
Violago v. BA ...
Equitable PCI ...
Newer Post Home Older Post Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:
Moran v. CA an...
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R. No. 164317 (1) G. R. No. 164317 February 6 (2) G.R. 79050-51 (1) G.R. No 48196 (2) G.R. No. 146635 (2) G.R. No.
166862 (1) G.R. No. 168100 November 20 (1) G.R. No. 101083 (2) G.R. No. 101163 (2) G.R. No. 101503 (2) G.R. No.
102253 (2) G.r. No. 102342 (2) G.R. No. 102383 (2) G.R. No. 103119 (2) G.R. No. 103379 (2) G.R. No. 103554 (1) G.R. No.
103577 (1) G.R. No. 104376 (1) G.R. No. 104376 February 23 (1) G.R. No. 105562 (2) G.R. No. 105774 (2) G.R. No. 105836
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December 12 (1) G.R. No. 112392 (2) G.R. No. 112573 (2) G.R. No. 113213 (1) G.R. No. 113578 (2) G.R. No. 113725 (1)
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126518 (2) G.R. No. 126670 December 2 (2) G.R. No. 127326 (2) G.R. No. 127823 (2) G.R. No. 128286 (2) G.R. No.
128604 (1) G.R. No. 128690 (2) G.R. No. 128721 (2) G.R. No. 129433 (2) G.R. No. 129459 (2) G.R. No. 129584 (2) G.R. No.
136448 November 3 (1) G.R. No. 136729 (2) G.R. No. 137775 (1) G.R. No. 138033 (2) G.R. No. 138074 (2) G.R. No.
138322 (1) G.R. No. 138510 (2) G.R. No. 138569 (2) G.R. No. 138739 (2) G.R. No. 139325 (2) G.R. No. 139465 (1) G.R.
NO. 139802 (2) G.R. No. 140006-10 (2) G.R. No. 140047 (2) G.R. No. 140698 (3) G.R. No. 140707 (2) G.R. No. 142616
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151445 April 11 (1) G.R. No. 151445 April 11 (1) G.R. No. 151969 (2) G.R. No. 152133 (2) G.R. No. 153675 (1) G.R. No.
153898 October 18 (2) G.R. No. 154068 (2) G.R. No. 154127 (2) G.R. No. 154469 (2) G.R. No. 154514 (1) G.R. No. 154740
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163583 (1) G.R. No. 163583 August 20 (1) G.R. No. 1641 (1) G.R. No. 165109 (2) G.R. No. 165300 (1) G.R. No. 165483 (2)
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71871 (1) G.R. No. 72110 (2) G.R. No. 72593 (2) G.R. No. 73886 (2) G.R. No. 74695 (1) G.R. No. 74761 (2) G.R. No. 74886
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93048 (2) G.R. No. 93073 (2) G.R. No. 93397 (2) G.R. No. 93695 (2) G.R. No. 94071 (2) G.R. No. 95322 (2) G.R. No. 95529
(2) G.R. No. 95546 (1) G.R. No. 95582 (3) G.R. No. 95641 (2) G.R. No. 95696 (2) G.R. No. 95696. March 3 (2) G.R. No.
97336 (2) G.R. No. 97626 (2) G.R. No. 97753 (2) G.R. No. 99301 (2) G.R. No. L-12189 (2) G.R. No. L-12190 (1) G.R. No. L-
12191 (2) G.R. No. L-12219 (2) G.R. No. L-12736 (2) G.R. No. L-12858 (2) G.R. No. L-12907 (2) G.R. No. L-13005 (1) G.R.
No. L-14003 (1) G.R. No. L-14074 (1) G.R. No. L-14300 (2) G.R. No. L-14441 (1) G.R. No. L-14441 December 17 (1) G.R.
No. L-14986 (2) G.R. No. L-15126 (2) G.R. No. L-15184 (2) G.R. No. L-15894 (2) G.R. No. L-15895 (2) G.R. No. L-16138 (2)
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(2) G.R. No. L-17845 (2) G.R. No. L-18216 (2) G.R. No. L-18287 (2) G.R. No. L-18657 (2) G.R. No. L-18924 (2) G.R. No.
L-18965 (3) G.R. No. L-18979 (1) G.R. No. L-19189 (2) G.R. No. L-19550 (2) G.R. No. L-20081 (2) G.R. No. L-20357 (1)
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21380 (2) G.R. No. L-21462 (2) G.R. No. L-21500 (2) G.R. No. L-21574 (2) G.R. No. L-21642 (2) G.R. No. L-22042 (2) G.R.
G.R. No. L-23145 (1) G.R. No. L-23145 November 29 (2) G.R. No. L-23241 (2) G.R. No. L-23276 (2) G.R. No. L-23678 (2)
(2) G.R. No. L-26743 (2) G.R. No. L-26767 (2) G.R. No. L-27155 (2) G.R. No. L-28093 (2) G.R. No. L-28120 (2) G.R. No. L-
2855 (2) G.R. No. L-2861 (2) G.R. No. L-28673 (2) G.R. No. L-28946 (1) G.R. No. L-29276 (2) G.R. No. L-29432 (2) G.R. No.
L-30389 (2) G.R. No. L-30896 (1) G.R. No. L-31195 (2) G.R. No. L-32213 (1) G.R. No. L-32611 (2) G.R. No. L-33171 (2) G.R.
No. L-3362 (1) G.R. No. L-33722 (2) G.R. No. L-34539 (2) G.R. No. L-34539 July 14 (1) G.R. No. L-3497 (1) G.R. No. L-
35095 (2) G.R. No. L-35262 (2) G.R. No. L-35283 (2) G.R. No. L-36481-2 (2) G.R. No. L-37750 (2) G.R. No. L-38037 (2)
48250 (2) G.R. No. L-48321 (1) G.R. No. L-48757 (3) G.R. No. L-48796 (2) G.R. No. L-49101 (2) G.R. No. L-49188 (2)
55079 (2) G.R. No. L-55397 (2) G.R. No. L-56169 June 26 (1) G.R. No. L-56487 (2) G.R. No. L-56655 (2) G.R. No. L-5715
L-67835 (2) G.R. No. L-6801 (1) G.R. No. L-69044 (1) G.R. No. L-7188 (1) G.R. No. L-7664 (2) G.R. No. L-7667 (2) G.R. No.
No. L-8527 (1) G.R. No. L-8844 (2) G.R. No. L-9356 (2) G.R. No. L-9374 (2) G.R. No. L-9401 (2) G.R. No. L-9671 (1) G.R.
No.113558 (1) G.R. No.148496 (1) G.R. No.L-17312 (1) G.R. No.L-4611 (1) G.R. Nos. 105965-70 (1) G.R. Nos. 113255-56
(2) G.R. Nos. 118498 & 124377 (2) G.R. Nos. 128833 (1) G.R. Nos. L-21353 and L-21354 (2) G.R. Nos. L-25836-37 (2) G.R.
Nos. L-28324-5 (2) G.R.No. 113899 (1) G.R.No. 115024 (2) G.R.No. 118367 (1) G.R.No. 131166 (1) G.R.No. 137775 (1)
G.R.No. 154514 (1) G.R.No. 159747 (1) G.R.No. L-22375 (1) G.R.No. L-9671 (1) G.R.No.113558 (1) G.R.Nos. 128833 (1)
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insurance (134) insurance act (1) insurance

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30 (9) July 31 (10) July 5 (2) July 6 (2) July 8 (3) June 11 (2) June 12 (2) June 15 (2) June 16 (2) June 19 (4) June 2
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vs CA (1) locus standi (2) Lopez v Del Rosario and Quiogue (1) Lopez v Pan American (1) loss (1) loss caused by negligence
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Piliin (2) People v. Pilola (2) People v. Quasha (2) people v. sia (1) People v. Tan Boon Kong (2) people v. wong cheng (2)
perez v ca (2) perfection (2) Perla Compania De Seguros v Sps Gaudencio (1) Personal Injury and Death (2) Personal
Notes (27) personally liable (1) persons (20) persons case digest (3) persons cases (1) persons secondarily liable
(1) Phil American Life Insurance Company v Ansaldo (1) Phil Export v VP Eusebio (1) phil refining company v. ca (1) phil.
refining company v. ca (1) Philamcare Health Systems (2) philippine (1) Philippine Airlines v. CA (3) Philippine American
Life Insurance Company v Pineda (1) Philippine Bank of Commerce v. Jose M. Aruego (2) philippine blooming mills
employment organization v. philippine blooming mills (2) Philippine Commercial International Bank v CA (1) Philippine
Commercial v CA (1) philippine health care providers v estrada (1) philippine lawyer (2) philippine lawyers oath (1) Philippine
National Bank v. Erlando Rodriguez (1) Philippine Phoenix Surety Insurance Co v Woodworks Inc (1) Philippine Pryce
Assurance Corp v CA (1) Physical Injuries (2) pil (5) pila (9) pineda v ca (1) pink notes (1) Pioneer Insurance v. CA (2)
Pirovano v. De la Rama Steamship Co. (2) planters product v. fertiphil corp (1) Planters Product v. Fertiphil Corp. (1) PNB v
(2) pnb v ca (1) PNB v. CA (6) PNB v. National City Bank New York (2) PNB v. Ritratto Group (2) PNOC v CA (1) poeple v
pirame (1) political law review (2) Ponce v. Alsons Cement Corp. (2) Porfirio P. Cinco v Hon Mateo Canonoy (1) possessory
action (1) Potenciano v. Reynoso (1) Powers of Corporate Officers (2) prayer (1) Pre-Corporation Code (2) Pre-incorporation
Subscription (2) Preemptive Rights (4) prescription (1) Prescription Period (2) Presentment for acceptance (2)
Presentment for Payment (2) preterition of surviving spouse (1) primary jurisdiction (2) private suit (2) pro reo doctrine (1)
producers bank v ca (1) Professional Services (2) Professional Services Inc v Natividad and Enrique Agana (1)
Promissory Notes (14) Proof and Proximate Cause (5) proof beyond reasonable doubt (2) proof of filiation (6)
prosecution of offenses (4) Protest (2) proximate cause (6) Prudencio v. CA (2) Prudential Bank v. IAC (2) PUBLIC
ACT NO. 521 (1) Public Enemy (1) Public humiliation (2) public international law (12) public international law
case (7) public international law case digest (7) public suit (2) Public Utilities (2) Purchase Agreement (2) Qua Chee
Gan v Law Union and Rock Insurance Co Ltd (1) qualified by (1) quasi delict (5) Quasi-delict (7) Quasi-negotiable
Character of Certificate of Stock (2) Quinto v. Andres (2) Quirante v IAC (1) R.A. 8799 (1) Raagas v Traya (1) rabadilla v ca
(1) radiowealth finance v. del rosario (2) rafael partricio v ca (1) Ramos v CA (1) Rationale for Centralized Management
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registration of property (1) reinsurance (1) Release from Subscription Obligation (2) remedial law (7) remedial law digest
(2) remedy (2) Remo Jr. v. IAC (2) replevin (1) Republic of the Phils. v. BPI (2) Republic Planters Bank v. CA (2) republic v.
bagtas (1) Republic v. Ebrada (2) Requisites of Double insurance (1) Requisites of negotiability (8) Res Ipsa Loquitur
(4) res ipso loquitor (1) Restriction on Transfer (2) retroactivity of procedural rules (2) review (1) reviewer (7) revised penal
code (2) revised rules of court (1) revocable Designation (1) reyes v ca (1) right against warrantless searches and seizures
(2) Right of First Refusal (4) right of subrogation (1) Right of the holder (2) Rights (1) Rights of a holder (2) Rights of
Holder (1) Rights of Holder against general indorser (1) Rights of the holder (6) Rights to Certificate of Stock for Fully
Paid Shares (1) Rivera v. People (2) Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation v CA (1) rmc (1) rodelas v aranza (1) rodrigo
concepcion v ca (1) Rodriguez (2) Rodriguez v. Hon. Presiding Judge of RTC Manila Branch 17 (2) Roman Catholic Apostolic
Administrator of Davao v. LRC (2) Roman Catholic Bishop of Malolos v. IAC (2) roxas v de jesus (1) rpc (1) rtc (2) rul 39 (1)
rule 110 (3) rule 111 (1) rule 60 (1) rule on summary procedure (1) rules of court (2) Rules on cover notes (1) Sadaya v.
Sevilla (2) Salas v. CA (2) sales (1) Sales de Gonzaga v Crown Life Insurance Co (1) samar mining v nordeutcher lloyd (1)
san beda (1) san beda law (3) San Carlos Milling v. CIR (2) San Juan Structural v. CA (2) San Miguel Brewery v Law
Union (1) sante v. claravall (1) saudi arabian airlines v ca (2) Saura Import Export Co v Philippine International Surety Co (1)
sc (1) sc 173 (1) sec 12 (1) sec 13 (1) sec 1314 (1) Sec 17 (1) sec 177 of the insurance code (1) Sec 18 (1) Sec 189 (1) sec
28 (1) sec 77 (2) sec 84 (1) Sec. 1 - 8 (1) Sec. 17 - 23 (1) Sec. 21 (1) Sec. 24 - 29 (1) Sec. 3 (4) Sec. 30-50 (1) Sec. 39 (2)
Sec. 51-59 (1) Sec. 9 - 16 (1) Sec. of Justice v. Hon. Lantion (2) Sec.39 (2) SECOND DIVISION (46) second part (1)
secondarily liable (1) secs 24 to 29 (1) Section 63 (2) securities and exchange commission (2) securities regulation code (1)
Security Bank v. Rizal Commercial (2) Seguritan v. People (2) senator honasan (2) senator kiko pangilinan (1) senior citizen
discount (2) sentence (1) Sep 21 (1) Separate Juridical Personality (1) Sept. 24 2002 (1) september (1) September 1 (4)
September 11 (4) September 12 (2) September 14 (4) September 15 (5) September 16 (2) September 17 (2)
September 18 (2) September 21 (5) September 22 (2) September 23 (2) September 24 (1) September 26 (4)
September 27 (2) September 28 (6) September 29 (2) september 30 (4) September 4 (2) September 5 (4)
September 7 (2) sharon cuneta (1) Sharuff Co v Baloise Fire Insurance Co (1) siliman (1) Silkair v. CIR (2) simple loan (2)
Singapore Airlines v Hon Ernani Cruz Pano (1) SMART Communications v. Astrorga (1) So Ping Bun v ca (1) Social Security
System v Davac (1) South African Airways v. CIR (2010) (2) South Sea Surety and Insurance Co v CA (1) Southern Luzon
Employees and Ass v Golpeo (1) Special Rules on Experts and Professionals (2) Spouses Gironella v. PNB (2) src (1) SSS v
Aguas (2) St Louis Realty Corporation v ca (1) State Investment House Inc. v. CA (2) stipulation pour autrui (3)
Stipulations Cannot Be Segregated (2) Stock and Transfer Book (2) Stockholders of F. Guanzon and Sons (2) Stonehill v.
Diokno (2) Strebel v Figueros (1) Strong Juridical Personality (2) study guide (1) sulpicio v ca (2) Sumaplong v CA (1) supply
(1) supreme court (3) surety bond (1) sweet lines v teves (1) tagsibol (1) tagsibol book (1) Tai Tong Chuache v Insurance
Commission (1) Tan v. SEC (2) Tan v. Sycip (2) Tanco Jr v Philippine Guaranty Co (1) tax (1) tax 2 (10) tax 2 case digest
(5) tax avoidance (2) tax case digest (18) tax credit (3) tax evasion (2) tax exemption (5) tax laws (1) tax refund
(7) taxation (23) Tayag v. Benguet (2) teleserv (1) Templation Inc (2) territoriality principle (1) The Universal Declaration
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insurance proceeds payable (1) top 10 (1) top 3 bar exam tips (1) torts (4) torts and damages (172) torts
and damages case digest (79) torts and damages notes outline (5) Traders Royal Bank v. CA (2)
Traders Royal Bank v. Radio Philippines Network Inc (2) transcendental importance (1) Transfers (2) transportation (53)
transportation case digest (27) Transportation notes (1) transportation notes outline (1) Travel-On v. CA (2)
Treachery (2) Triple Eight v NLRC (1) Ty v First National Surety and Assurance Co Inc (1) Types of Acquisitions (2) Types of
Acquisitions/Transfers (2) U.S. Jurisprudence (1) U.S. v. Bull (2) ultra vires (2) ultra vires act (1) unfair labor practice (2)
Unfounded Suits (4) United States v. Wells (2) universal (1) universal declaration on human rights (1) university of the
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us v. ah sing (1) us v. look chaw (2) USA v. Hon. Purganan (1) uson v del rosario (1) ust (1) ust golden notes (1) ust notes (1)
uy kaio eng v nixon lee (1) uy v sandiganbayan (1) valenzuela v ca (2) Valenzuela v. People (2) Valle Verde Country Club v.
Africa (2) Vda Dde Consuegra v Governments Service Insurance System (1) Velasco v. People (2) Velasquez v. Solidbank
Corp (2) Verendia v CA (1) Vicente R. de Ocampo v. Gatchalian (2) Villanueva v Oro (1) Villanueva v. Nite (2) Vinuya v.
Malaya Lolas Organization (2) Violago v. BA Finance Corp (2) Violation of Civil and Political Rights (1) Violation of Human
Dignity and Privacy (2) Voluntary Dealings (1) Voting Trust Agreements (2) waiver (2) Wee Sion Ben v. Semexco/Zest
Markering Corp (2) when corporate officers (1) When Insurable Interest Must Exist (1) when negligent (2) White Gold Marine
Services Inc v Pioneer Insurance Surety Corp (1) Who are liable after dissolution (2) Who Exercises Rights of Minor Insured
or Beneficiaries (1) Who may recover (3) who or whom (1) wills and succession (38) withholding agent (2) Wright
v Manila Electric (1) Wright v. CA (1) writing (1) Yang v. CA (2) you and i (1) you and me (1) zaldiva v reyes (1) zero rated (1)
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Negotiable Instruments, Torts And

Corp. (1992) and Slow

The signature has been established to be forged although it has a "close

evidence a roll-over of the placement ▼ August (66)

Labels Negotiable Instruments Case Digest:

insurance (134) insurance act (1) insurance

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