Homologous Recombination

Ionizing radiation
Genotoxic chemicals
Free radicals
Mechanical stress
DNA Repair Pathways FANCB
FA100

FANCL
DNA Strand Crosslink Repair

FAAP24
FANCB
DNA crosslinkers
Cisplatin
Mitomycin C
Fork stalling agents

FA100

FANCL P
FAAP24
ATRIP
ATR

FANCM FANCM

Mismatch Repair Nucleotide Excision Repair FANCA FANCG FANCF

FANCC

FANCE
FANCA FANCG FANCF
FANCC

FANCE
ATRIP
ATR
Stalled
replication
P fork

Translocation to
fork stall site
P P
Mre11
ATM ATM ATM Rad50
SMC1 γ-H2AX P
Chk1
P Nbs1 P
P
H2A γ-H2AX P P UV
histones
DNA crosslinkers
UBE2T
P P
E1 Ligase
Mre11
Bard1
P P Rad50
Poly ubiquitin P Nbs1 ATM
BRCA1 on H2A P
Rad51 monomers Ubq Ubq
P P
P Rap80 P Ubq
Mdc1 BRCA2
FANCD2 FANCI
Abraxas P P P
Rnf8 Msh2 Msh6 (MutSα) Msh2 Msh3 (MutSβ) Global genome repair Transcription coupled repair
P P BRCC36 MRN FANCD2/I
ATM P P P P P
Caesin Kinase2 complex
Ubc13 REV1/3

Resection Ubq

3’ CtIP
5’ XPC HR23B
P P P P P

Rad51BCD 5’ CtIP Histones

XRCC2/3 3’
Rad52 XPE Transcription γ-H2AX
MRN Resection Single base pair mismatch ≥ 1 base pair insertion or deletion block PARP1
ATM
complex
Rad54 CSA
XPC HR23B RNA Pol I/II

CSB
3’ 5’ 5’ Repaired by NER 5’
Rad51BCD
XRCC2/3
Polδ/ε
BRCA1
5’ Polδ/ε
P Rad52 PCNA 3’ Translesion bypass
BRCA2 Single base pair mismatch Single base pair mismatch 3’ REV1/3 by Rev1/3
on leading strand Polε on lagging strand
3’ 5’
5’ 3’ Polα Polδ/ε 3’

Polδ 5’
5’
3’ TFIID 5’ 3’

Homology search BRCA2 XPG XPD XPB TFB5 ERCC1 5’ 3’

and D-loop formation Rad52
Msh2 Msh6 (MutSα) Repaired by HR
BRCA1 XPF
P
Rad51BCD
XRCC2/3 RPA XPA

Polε Polε
XPC HR23B
Polα Polα
Polδ Polδ
Rad54

5’
3’
5’

ERCC1
Nonhomologous End-Joining
XPF
XPG
TFIID Ionizing radiation
RFC/PCNA and
Genotoxic chemicals
endonuclease XPD TFB5 XPA
5’ XPB Free radicals
activity of MutLα Mechanical stress
Polδ/ε RPA
allow Exo1 to MutLα
DNA synthesis Polα endonuclease
resect DNA 3’
3’ activity and
of the
mismatch Exo1 Exo1 remove
Exo1 mismatch by P P
5’ to 3’ resection Mre11
ATM ATM ATM
5’ Rad50 γ-H2AX P
Nbs1
Mlh1 Pms2 (MutLα) P P
Homologous chromosome 5’ H4K20Me2
DNA 5’ 3’
RFC Polδ/ε
Pol
P P
Mre11 Histones
and 53BP1 Histones Rad50
Homologous ATM Nbs1
DNA
recombinations Strand tethering
Pol P

RPA
5’
Ligation and formation Ku / Lig4 dependent Ku / Lig4 independent
3’ DNA Pol
of Holliday Junction DNA Pol and PCNA pathway pathway

DNA Pol PCNA

Non-crossover 5’ Rag 1/2
DNA (cut both junctions
Ligase1 3’ Ku70 PARP1
vertically or horizontally) Ku70
DNA PARP1
Ligase Ku80 V D J
Ku80
Holliday
junction
resolvase Polε
Polα Microhomology
P

DNA PKcs V D J mediated strand

Polδ annealing
Crossover
Ku70
(cut both black or Hairpin DNA
Ku70
both red arrows) Ku80 ends
Ku80
Replication Resumes
DNA PKcs
P

Strand opening P

and processing DNA PKcs

by exonuclease
activity of WRN Ku70 Fen1 PNKP
Ku70
Ku80
WRN WRN Ku80

DNA PKcs Artemis

Flap excision

www.abcam.com/nuclearsignal
P
Polβ

Featured DNA Repair antibodies Hairpin DNA cut

by Artemis

DNA ligation
Abcam in the USA Abcam in Europe Abcam in Japan ab29 PCNA antibody ab32138 PARP antibody ab2888 ATM antibody ab2893 gamma H2A.X
DAPI

phos-ATM

Merge

Abcam Inc. Abcam plc, Abcam K.K. (phospho S139) antibody XRCC4 DNA
XRCC1 DNA
Ligase 4 Ligase 3
1 Kendall Square, Ste 341 330 Cambridge Science Park 1-16-8 Nihonbashi Kakigaracho Formaldehye fixed Paraffin-embedded HeLa cells stained with
XLF
Cambridge. Milton Road, Chuo-ku, mouse tissue sections sections of human brain ab2888 at 1/200 dilution. Pachytene spermatocytes
MA 02139-1517 USA Cambridge. Tokyo 103-0014 stained with ab29 stained with ab32138 at stained with ab2893
CB4 0FL UK Japan at 1/6000 dilution. 1/25 dilution. at 1/200. No deletion Short deletion
Tel: 1-617-225-2272

017-01/09-PS
Accurate repair Inaccurate repair

Toll free: 1-888-77-ABCAM Tel: +44 1223 696000 Tel: +81-(0)3-6231-0940

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