Opening Activity: Together We Sort, Divided We Fall

Instructions

1. Students will be grouped into groups of 10 people.

2. Each group will be given 10 straw ties to tie their hands with.
Once everyone is tied, that group must be in a form of a closed
circle.
3. Each group will also be given a pack of Ding-Dong nuts and 5
cups.
4. The goal is to segregate the different kinds of nuts without
making loud noises and without spilling anything.
5. The first group to segregate all nuts, wins.
 Lesson 1
BACKGROUNDS AND BRIEFING
THE “L” WORD
Knowing More About Leadership
A simple definition of Leadership, according to Susan Ward, is the art
of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common
goal. But throughout the years, writer John Maxwell, has given
leadership a very detailed and easy to understand definition.
1. Leadership is about the people, for the people.
Taking a Look at the Leadership Trends
Today, studies and talks about leadership have become even more
widespread than it has ever been. But how did it even begin? Where
did it start and where is it now? In this part of the module, you will be
able to understand how leadership styles and theories have progressed
throughout the years and how it has affected the state of student
leadership today.
The Great Man Theory “Only a man could have the
(1840s) characteristics of a great leader.”

Leadership is complete if by the end of the day, every member or

follower has understood that they, too, have the capacity to lead and
Trait Theory “Leaders are natural-born.”
to spark change. There must always be something in a leader that
allows the people around him or her to perform their optimum best. (1930s-1940s)
The moment a person has achieved this point of leadership, then
worries regarding sustainability will cease to exist. Behavioural Theories “Leaders are made, not born.”
2. Leadership is built on influence. (1940’s-1950’s)

Unlike position, money, and title, influence is not something that can “There is no single-way to lead.”
Contingency Theories
be given to you. It is earned. What you influence determines the
movement of an organization. If a leader shines positive influence on (1960’s)
his followers, then they too, will begin to positively influence the
“Effective leaders are those who
community as well. But if a leader influences negatively, then it will Transactional Leadership
reward and punish followers.”
manifest through the members’ low commitment, low engagement, Theories (1970’s)
low self-esteem, and low productivity.

3. Leadership is a disposition, not a position. “Leaders must be able to bridge

Position does not make leaders, leaders make the position. Contrary to
popular belief, not all who hold a title or a position are automatically
leaders. An administration level employee with a vision to improve the
company and uses all his resources to implement this vision, is more of
a leader than a managerial level employee who is complacent and
unmoved.
These definitions of leadership are just some of the ways that we can
define it. But remembering just these 3 will be a good starting point to
becoming the great leader that you are destined to be.
Bridging Leadership Theory
societal divides.”
(1990’s)
The leadership trend that we have today is a mix of the Behavioural,
Contingency, and Bridging Leadership Theories. Firstly, both men and
women are now acknowledged as potential leaders and rich people are
no longer the only ones allowed to lead. Next, there are various
effective leadership styles depending on each case and situation.
Lastly, more than the follower count and the charisma, the most
important part of being a leader is when you are able to bridge a
divide.

“BUT WHY?”
Understanding the Need for Effective Leadership
WHAT’S TRENDING?
We have entered the age of Industrialization 4.0 where everything is
constantly evolving at a fast pace. And ever since we have entered this
stage, there has been a high demand for new ideas that are top of the
line and at the same time, community-centered, environmental
friendly, and overall sustainable.
However, despite the overwhelming presence of change, hierarchies
have remained the same. Bracketing systems are still here. Therefore,
as the top part of the hierarchy continues to move forward, the bottom
part of the hierarchy are left starving and striving. Thus, the divide
worsens.
This divide is called the societal divide, and there are many kinds of
it. Bullying in supposed-to-be safe zones such as schools and
workplaces is an example of a divide. Continuous sexual and verbal
harassment in social networking sites is another form of a divide.
Smart shaming, body shaming, lack of water supply, lack of good
quality education, no access to sanitation and health care, disunity in
churches and religions, and non-renewable energy, these are just
some of the divides present in our country.
These divides are what loudly calls for the presence of more bridging
leaders.
A Bridging Leader is one who is confident enough to own an idea or a
solution, to present the idea to his peers so that they can co-own, and
to engage the stakeholders so that they can co-create and put the idea
into implementation.
In 2015, the United Nations (UN) have publicized the 17 Global
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with a time frame of 15 years.
To achieve these goals by 2030, the UN urges every country to
participate in the movement. And the countries’ response?
Grassroots Leadership.
Figure 1: 2030 17 Sustainable Development Goals
Grassroots Leadership is a leadership style that starts from a smaller
community circle such as a school, a company, or a barangay until the
impact reaches a national level.
Here’s where you enter.
You may be thinking, “How can a student leader, like myself, bridge a
divide and contribute to global goals?” The answer is, IN MANY WAYS.
This is just the beginning of your new leadership chapter and this part
of the module is just an introduction to what awaits you. In the next
chapters, you will be able to:
 Understand that being a leader is the very core of your identity
 Understand your purpose as leader to the family, community,
and country you belong in
 Apply the basic principles and attitudes needed for becoming
an effective leader
 Know the goals and values that should be inside the heart of a
leader
 Learn how to engage your peers with the right kind of influence
Activity 2: 2 Truths and A Lie
Instructions
1. 10 students will be asked to volunteer for this activity.
2. Each volunteer will be tasked to tell 2 truths and 1 lie about
their self.
3. The 2 truths and 1 lie will correspond to the letters A, B, and C.
4. The remaining student who did not volunteer will then be given
some time to identify the lie. Once the given time is over, they
must fall in line according to the letter to which they think
corresponds to a lie.
5. This will be repeated 10 times. The student who is left by the
end of the game, wins.
 Lesson 2
THE LEADER WITHIN YOU
I AM A LEADER
Identifying Yourself as a Leader
“Leadership is not for everyone” is the most incorrect assumption we
all believed. Everyone is called to lead in one way or another. We are
all leaders as human beings. We are designed and created above
every other creature and thus, we have the responsibility to lead and
steward other creatures. Here are some reasons why humans are all
created to lead.
1. You possess the greatest mind.
In all the animal kingdom, only human beings have the greatest brain
capacity. According to Scientific American, though sperm whales
possess the largest brain to body mass ratio, only the human brain can
process 2.5 million gigabytes of digital information. In other words,
your mind can store 1024 terabytes of data. Humans are the only
animal who can fully reason and think critically.
2. You possess the faculty of speech.
Human beings have the capacity to express themselves through
sophisticated sounds that have meaning called language. Throughout
the globe, there are estimated 6,500 spoken languages. Each of these
languages have their own sets of registers, words and expressions.
One person can learn as many languages he/she wants to. The only
barrier to the person is their decision to stop learning another
language.
3. You are the only animal who can stand tall.
Only human beings can walk upright. This is because of the special
structure of the spine. This enables your hand not to be used in
walking but to be used in other purposes.
4. You can express yourself through emotions.
Human beings are able to express emotions like joy, sadness, hope,
laughter and shyness. Some animals seem to have similar abilities, but
nothing can be compared to the way humans express their emotions.
THE BUTS OF A LEADER
Most Common Excuses to Be a Leader
Despite the fact that human beings are created to lead, many people
would still question themselves if they are truly a leader. Moreover, if
they thought of themselves as nothing compared to those in key
positions of leadership, they end up giving up and not improve
themselves. According to Psychology Today, these are the most
common excuses people say for them not to be considered as a leader:
• I can’t lead. I don’t have a position of authority.
This excuse roots back to the belief that you need to have a position to
be a leader. Leadership is influence. If you can influence other people,
you are a leader.
• I am just not a natural take-charge person.
Many people believe that you’re either born as a leader or not.
Leadership is not black and white. Leaders are not born, leaders are
made.
• I am an introvert—so I don’t really influence others.
According to sociologists, most introverted people will influence 10,000
others in an average lifetime. In other words, even the shy ones, are
influencing others. Introverts does influence not just in words but
through actions. Thus, being an introvert is not an excuse that you are
not a leader.
• If everyone is a leader—then who is following?
This excuse displays inadequate reasoning, an outdated definition of
leadership. If we define leadership as using my influence for a
worthwhile cause, then it helps us see that we are all leading and we
are all following. If I am leveraging my strength and using it to
positively impact my world and you are doing the same, then we are
all leading in some way.
• Leadership means power and power corrupts.
Certainly, mankind has perverted leadership. History is full of leaders
who tried to dominate others by force, such as Nero, Stalin, Hitler, and
Saddam Hussein. But we cannot let counterfeits of good leadership
convince us that leadership should be avoided. In fact, if there is a
counterfeit, it generally means there is something genuine that is very
valuable.
Surely, there is no single excuse for us not to lead. We have been
given the ability to lead, and we are responsible to the influence we
give to others because WE ARE ALL LEADERS.
Activity 3: Mystery Marinduque!
Instructions
1. The students will be grouped into groups of 10 people.
2. Each group will be given a paper filled with riddles.
3. Each riddle corresponds to a specific item or location.
4. The goal of this game is to solve all riddles in order to find the
mystery item.
5. The first team to find the mystery item wins.

Lesson 3
PURPOSE OF LEADERSHIP
THE INTENT
The Impetus of a Leader
Many people desire to lead because they want to have what great
leaders of notable positions have- fame, fortune and power. This is a
wrong motivation to start with. Great and successful leaders isn’t
motivated by fame, fortune and power. Many of the leaders have
already lost their purpose. To remind them of the reason why they
lead, here is the seven purpose why leaders lead.
1. To Transform
To transform is to make a change. Leaders must be at the forefront of
transformation. Leaders are called to change the traditional way of life.
They go against the flow and change the norms of the society. Great
leaders like Jose Rizal, Nelson Mandela, Abraham Lincoln and Napoleon
Bonaparte brought about great transformation in their own countries.
They didn’t just transform the situation but they did transform the
minds of the people that sparked a never-ending domino of change.
2. To Solve
Leaders are not just great at identifying a problem but they are also
able to offer and implement solutions. They know what to do when
crisis arises. Problem solving skills are developed by learning through
their own experiences and other people’s experiences over the course
of time.
3. To Provide Purpose
Leaders have a sense of purpose and they also give purpose to other
people. People doesn’t want a ‘boss’ but they want a leader. True
leaders see more than just ordinary people, but helps individuals
discover themselves, their passion and purpose. A leader looks for the
best and not the worst in people.
4. To Produce More Leaders
True leaders are not insecure of others getting their position. Instead
they make effort to raise followers to be leaders. Myles Munroe, (2005)
said, “Trapped within every follower is a hidden leader.” Ralph Nader
(American attorney, author, lecturer and political activist) said,
“The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more
followers.” The greatest delight of a true leader is to raise up someone
greater than him/her.
5. To Fulfill Visions
Yes, the leader must help people realize and release their purpose.
Yes, the leader must help followers to become leaders, but that is not
enough. Organizational leadership calls for the leader to fulfil the
mandate of that organization. Every organization has a goal, and it is
the duty of the leader to bring all the necessary persons to work
together to fulfil the goals of an organization.
Remember, “Where there is no vision, people perish.” (Proverbs
29:18). Where there is no leader, there is no vision. Again, where there
are no people, the vision perishes. It is up to the leader to find both the
vision and people to fulfil that vision.
6. To Think
The presence of an idea makes the leaders relevant. In fact, the world
thrives on ideas. Ideas come and go and the role of a leader is to
create fresh or new ideas.
Best organizations have the best leaders, with the best ideas. Best
organizations usually employ the best people. These people are best
because they bring new ideas; they think.
7. To Lead
Leadership is about providing direction. The leader is like a driver; he
should know how to direct the car. He must know or have a map or
GPS of where the vehicle is headed.
A leader is like a pilot. It’s dangerous to try to fly an airplane if the
leader is not trained. The pilot must (not should) fully understand the
laws of aerodynamics. Remember, the purpose of an airplane is to fly
and the more it stays on the ground, the less its purpose is fulfilled.
Moreover, these seven purposes of a leader are driven by the vision
the organization have. It is rooted from the desire to serve and to
cause change. In the end, right motives are needed if you want to lead
well.
Lesson 4
 ATTITUDE OF LEADERSHIP
Unbroken Principles
Must Have Characters of a Leader
Just as it is a nature for a dog to bark, leaders must also have
embodied characters that would better them and make it as a default
way of living. Here are some of the attitude leaders must have.
1. Honest
One of the key factors of the success of an organization is good
communication. A leader must have good communication skills and
must be sensitive and adaptive to the needs of the individuals. Part of
good communication skills is being honest.
Leaders know how to say no especially to the ideas he/she perceives to
cause no good. Reprimanding without sugar coating to those who are
under is also a must. But this must be done in love and with an
explanation why. Moreover, a leader must be transparent to his/her
thoughts and this requires honesty.
2. Risk Taker
Leaders most of the time, go against the flow. They know how to take
risk especially to the things no one has done before. Because of the
zeal to implement their ideas and vision, leaders take a leap of faith to
fulfill what is perceived to be impossible. They take full responsibility of
their action and refuses to blame other people in case the perceived
outcome is not achieved. This costs trust from the people to the leader
himself.
Leaders have that ability to make connections. They are best
engineers especially in keeping and building relationships with other
people. Great leaders are known to be charismatic. That is why people
are easily attracted to them and their visions. They are also
approachable, making it easy to reach them out.
5. Unbiased
True leaders always make sure to look at all the facts before making
decision. They make sure everyone is heard and they don’t easily give
prejudice based on assumptions and arguments made by someone.
6. Future-Focused
Leaders are not caught up by past failures and victories. They always
seek to look at what’s ahead of them. They easily move on and have
this hopeful attitude. True leaders don’t know when to give up. They
know how to set short term goals but not neglecting the long-term
ones. Leaders fixed their eyes on their vision and goal. They will not
rest until their purpose is complete.
These are some of the attitude a leader like you must have. We
must work them out and be mindful of the times we deviate
from them.

3. Teachable

The greatest room in all the world is the room for improvement.
Leaders are eager to learn in order to better the group they belong.
They are willing to accept criticisms and weigh if there is negligence in
their part or else dump the opinion of other people. Great leaders
always seek to learn from other people’s experiences and ideas. At the
end, they openly share what they learned especially if they know that
others would benefit from it.

4. Friendly Lesson 5
THE HEART OF A LEADER

Introduction
A leader must be firm. A leader must not show weakness. A leader
must stand out above all.
With all the do’s and don’ts of becoming a leader, as dictated by the
world, a shift in the mindset of many young and emerging leaders take
place. And from this shift, sprout their heart’s content.
As you understand your identity as a leader, you must also understand
the importance of having the right heart as you heed to the call. For
leadership is not an easy task. It is packed with roles and
responsibilities that you have to attend to. And having a poorly
guarded heart may result in many different ways including depression,
excessive stress, decrease in focus, loss of joy and peace, and worse,
loss of interest in leading.
Confidence is nice. Personality is good. Skills are great. But understand
that what fuels these three are your heart’s content. Unless your heart
is right, in the long run, struggles will kill your confidence, certain
people will drag your personality down, and difficult times will disprove
your skills. But with the right heart, here’s what you’ll get: Extended
energy for serving, humility, never burning passion, continuous joy and
peace in leading, and many more. Awesome, right?
So, go ahead and continue with this lesson. And may you open the 4
chambers in your heart that you’ve never opened before.
Laban? Laban.
Struggles to Having a Leader’s Heart
We talked about the importance of the heart in becoming a
leader. Now, we must know that the path to attaining a true leader’s
heart is not always an easy path. There are hurdles to it that we must
pass. And knowing about these hurdles will make you self-aware of the
situations in your life right now that might be a hindrance to your
leadership journey. This part of the lesson should help you in getting
past those situations. Laban? Laban.
1.) ANXIETY (Sobrang Pag-aalala)
Too much anxiety in the heart causes one to be depressed. And one
who is depressed is unable to reach is full destiny as a leader. Why is
that? Because depression drags the feet of those who have it.
2.) CONDEMNATION (Pag-hatol)
A condemned heart is what keeps a leader from discovering his full
potential in leading. It makes you remember your mistakes from the
past and keeps you chained to these memories. It lowers your self-
worth and self-esteem.
3.) TIMIDITY (Matinding Hiya)
There are times that leaders would have to step up in authority to
correct what has been done wrong even if the crowd is older in age.
There are times that leaders should say “no,” even if everyone says,
“yes”. But sometimes, it’s timidity that prevents one leaders from
doing so.
Timidity is the substance that stops wise words from rolling out of a
leader’s mouth.
4.) UNBELIEF (Hindi Paniniwala)
Statements such as, you have been called to lead, you have been
given power to influence nations, etc, are such bold statements and
one has a choice of believing it or not.
But most of the time, young people have a hard time believing such
statements. This unbelief is usually caused by age, status, and mind
conditioning. If not rid of, this is a hindrance to positively influencing
change to the community.
The 4 Chambers of a Leader’s Heart
Something that was not mentioned during the introduction was
that the heart is made up of 4 chambers. Two chambers for the
outward release of blood and two chambers for the inward pumping of readers are leaders, but all leaders are readers,” and this quote is
blood. Or in simpler terms, 2 for giving and 2 for receiving. based off from some studies.

When it comes to having a true servant-leader heart, this is According to a study conducted by Dave Olsen, when undesirable
also applicable. There should be 4 chambers that are completely open situations arise, a leader who knows more is able to make logical
and ready to give and receive. decisions. He or she will not be easily swayed by the impossibility of
the situation at hand or be entangled by his or her emotions.

In addition to this, his study also included that a leader who frequently
THE GIVING CHAMBERS reads will have greater reasoning skills, adaptability, communication
1. Chamber #1: A DRIVING LOVE skills, and even people-building skills.

Love is such a broad term and may appear as the most used word
when talking about leadership. However, it is one of the most
neglected and least understood principle when it comes to becoming a
leader.

The love that I am pertaining to in this part of the lesson is the kind of
love that drives you to say yes even when conditions are unbearable.
The kind of love that drives you to give even when you have nothing
left on yourself, to continue pushing forward even when others grow
tired, to remain a practical visionary until everyone else is, to push
others to become more confident, to continue protecting the peace
and justice in your own personal way.

This kind of love drives you to act until change is seen, until the divide
is bridged.

2. Chamber #2: A DESIRE FOR CHANGE

Feeding programs and outreach missions are good. But more than
that, what is it that you want to bring about? A good leader is someone
who strongly desires change and works hard to achieve it.

It’s easy to give food, clothes, medicine, and care products. What’s not
easy, is to point out a norm, brand it as problematic, and influence a
change in mindset. But if this is the desire that is inside the heart of a
leader, then it will reflect his actions. He will not be burned out, he will
strive, and he will continuously share his vision.

THE RECEIVING CHAMBERS

3. Chamber #3: FRESH WISDOM

An effective leader takes inspiration from teachers who do not stop

from learning new things. According to Harry S. Truman, “Not all